Amakhiwane angaphakathi endlini angatholakala emafulethini nasezindlini eziningi eRussia. Njengoba nje bengayibizi: umuthi wamakhiwane, i-berry yewayini, umkhiwane, umkhiwane, uCarian ficus. Inamaqabunga abanzi ahlaba umxhwele ubuhle bawo, nezithelo ezinamakha. Ukukhula indoda ebukeka iyingqayizivele akunzima, ukuyinakekela akudingi ukuhlupheka, kepha ngaphandle kolwazi oluhambisanayo, i-Carian ficus ingafa.
Izici zokunakekela amakhiwane ekhaya
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sezihlahla zezithelo ezilungele ukukhula efulethini, ubuhlakani bungokwemvelo ngokuzalwa. Isihluthulelo sokukhula ngempumelelo nokuthuthukiswa kwe-emerald handsome ukugcinwa kwemithetho emithathu eyisisekelo:
- ukuthambisa okuphoqelekile (inhlabathi akufanele yomile);
- ukuthenwa konyaka (kwenziwa ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuphumula kwesihlahla);
- ukufakelwa okufika ngesikhathi kumabhodwe amakhulu (kanye ngonyaka kuze kube yilapho amahlamvu evula).
Amakhiwane ekhaya
Mayelana namakhiwane awunakusho ukuthi "otshaliwe futhi ukhohliwe." Ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele, umuthi uyobuna, uphenduke ihlazo kulowo ohambile.
Ukushisa
Izinga lokushisa elilungele ukukhula okuhle kwesihlahla esingafani ehlobo ngu-21-26 ° C. Ngokubheka izinkomba zesimo sezulu, isibonelo, zeSifunda saseMoscow, i-Carian ficus kulesi sifunda ingakhutshwa ngokuphephile ngaphandle “kohambo” ngesikhathi sosuku. Ebusika, lapho ubuhle be-emerald busaphumule, izinga lokushisa lekamelo abekelwe kulo ubusika kufanele libe ku-8-12 ° C.
Isibani
Amakhiwane angaphakathi ezithelo athela inani elikhulu lokukhanya. Indawo ekahle yokubeka efulethini ngamafasitela amafasitela abheke eningizimu naseningizimu izinhlangothi. Uma ubuhle be-emerald bungenakho ukukhanya okwanele, uzoyeka ukuthela izithelo.
Ukunisela
Ukulima amakhiwane ekhaya ebhodweni kudinga ukuthambisa okuningi. Ngisho noma ukomisa okuncane komhlabathi akufanele kuvunyelwe. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi amahlamvu anciphise futhi awe. Ukomisa kwenhlabathi kusongela izinwele zezimpande ngokuqothuka. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukuchelela okuqhubekayo ngeke kusonge.
Kubalulekile! Akunakwenzeka ukugcwalisa isihlahla. Lokhu kuzobola uhlelo lwezimpande.
Ukufafaza
Amakhiwane adinga ukufafazwa njalo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzifeza ngenkathi esishisayo ukuze isitshalo sibe nomswakama owanele. Ukufafaza njalo kwesihlahla akugcini nje ngokusindisa ekushiseni, kodwa futhi kuvimbela ukwakheka kwesimungulu sesigcawu saso emqheleni waso.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, amakhiwane ayakhula futhi akhule ngokushesha.
Umswakama
Amacembe ama-fig alahlekelwa ukuvikelwa kwawo ezifakweni nasezinambuzaneni emoyeni owomile kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina umswakama owanele egumbini lapho kukhula i-emerald handsome.
Nakani! Imbiza eneCarian ficus kungcono ukuthi ingabekwa eduze kwezindlela zokufudumeza noma eduze kwemishini yokufudumeza.
Inhlabathi
Ukukhula ekhaya amakhiwane kudingeka enze i-aeration. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kanye ngeviki, kuyadingeka ukhulula inhlabathi lapho kutshalwe khona indoda ebukekayo. Kwenze kube yindwangu ethambile yezinto ezibonakalayo zemvelo. Thulula ngokukhulu ukucophelela ukuze ungalimazi izimpande.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izinyathelo zokunakekela amakhiwane zifaka ukugqokwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Baqala kusukela esikhathini sokuvuka ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuphumula. Ihlanganiswe ngamakhompiyutha e-organic ne-mineral izikhathi eziyi-1-2 ngenyanga. Ngaphambi kokugqoka okuphezulu, isihlahla siqala ukuniselwa ngamanzi, bese sithathwa ngomanyolo. Qeda ukondla ngaphambi kokuba izithelo zivuthwe. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ukufaka umanyolo esihlahleni esingadingekile.
Nakani! Lapho i-Carican ficus ivuka ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuphumula, ukondla kokuqala kufanele kube yi-nitrogen. Lokhu kuzovumela umuthi ukuba ukhule ngokushesha, unikele esivinini sawo esihle.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwasebusika ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwamakhiwane
Bonke abameleli be-subtropics badinga isikhathi sokuphumula. Amakhiwane awafani nalokhu. Ukuzikhulula kwesihlahla kuqala ekwindla sekwephuzile. Kakade ngoNovemba, ungabona ukuthi amaqabunga aqala ukuwa kanjani, lokhu kuwubufakazi bokuthi i-handsome exotic ilungiselela ubusika.
Ama-novice exoisseurs amaningi engadi yasekhaya azibuza: ukuthi angawanakekela kanjani amakhiwane ebusika? Impendulo ilula: lo muthi awudingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ngenkathi ebandayo.
Ngo-Okthoba, udinga ukunciphisa inani lokunisela. Lapho wonke amaqabunga ewa, lokhu kuzosho ukuthi ngokuthula okuhle ngokomzimba sekufikile. Isihlahla sidluliselwa endaweni epholile enomthunzi lapho izinga lokushisa lingangeni ngaphansi kuka-8-12 ° C futhi lingadluli kulesi sikhombisi. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele ushiye imbali yezimbali kuvulandi ongavulekile. Ukusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuJanuwari, umuthi awondli, awuvamile ukuniselwa futhi kuphela ukuthi inhlama yobumba ingashisi.
Ngemuva kwenkathi yokuphumula, umuthi udinga ukudluliselwa esitsheni esikhudlwana, uwondle futhi uwulethe. Ukunisela kuqale phansi.
Ebusika, amakhiwane adluliselwa endaweni epholile lapho kungekho khona amazinga okushisa e-subzero
Uma ngesikhathi sasebusika izimo zokushisa kanye nemithetho eyisisekelo ye-dormancy ibonwa, amakhiwane, ukulinyelwa ekhaya okungabangeli muntu inkathazo, kuzojabulisa inkosikazi yabo ngohlelo oluqinile lwezimpande entwasahlobo, ikhono lokukhula ngokushesha nokukhula, kanye nesivuno esihle ngokuzayo.
Nakani! Ebusika, lapho unisela isihlahla, udinga ukusebenzisa amanzi apholile. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuvikela ukuvuka kwezinso ngokushesha.
Amakhiwane aqhuma nini futhi kanjani
Lapho umkhiwane uqhakaza, kubunjiwe (noma kuyindilinga) ngaphakathi kwezithelo ze-berry emagatsheni awo. Lokhu yi-inflorescence. Ukubona imbali yayo, engalungiseki ngokuphelele futhi incane ngosayizi, udinga ukwephula lokhu inflorescence.
Ukwakheka kwamaqanda okuqala ama-inflorescence kungabhekwa ngoFebhuwari, futhi uzokwazi ukuthokozela izithelo ngoJuni kuphela.
Ungawenza kanjani amakhiwane athele izithelo
Ukuze wenze amakhiwane athele izithelo, kufanele ulandele imithetho elandelayo yokuyinakekela:
- imbiza enesihlahla kufanele ibekwe endaweni egcwele ukukhanya;
- akufanele kube khona isikhala esiningi sezimpande ezitsheni;
- ebusika, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhiwane awabandi;
- Ukunisela i-emerald handsome kufanele kube yisikhathi futhi kube ngokulinganayo;
- umuthi udinga ukondliwa njalo;
- kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imbali ayishaywa yizilokazane;
- umqhele wamakhiwane kufanele unciphiswe ngezikhathi ezithile, usike amagatsha amaningi.
Ngemininingwane! Ukulandela imithetho engenhla, ungathola isivuno esihle sezithelo ezinamakha nokunambitheka kabili ngonyaka.
Ungawasakaza kanjani amakhiwane ebhodweni
Ama-Novice connoisseurs engadi yasekhaya avame ukubuza imibuzo: angawakha kanjani amakhiwane ngokwawo? Yini okusetshenziselwa ukutshala lokhu?
Okokuzalela i-Carian ficus endlini noma efulethini eRussia, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe ezinhlotsheni ezikhula kancane eziphansi. Amakhiwane angandiswa zombili zembewu nangezindlela zokusika.
Ukusakazwa kwamakhiwane ngokusika
Nakani! Amakhiwane awunazo imbewu. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela abantu abaningi ababiza ngayo lawo mabala angaphakathi kwe-berry. Futhi lokhu akulungile! Umuntu akakwazi ukudla ithambo; nakanjani uzolihlukanisa. Kepha izithelo zomkhiwane zingadliwa ngokuphepha kanye nembewu - imbewu.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Imbewu yamakhiwane kufanele yomiswe kahle. Kufanele atshalwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo emhlabathini okhanyayo. Ukwakheka kwalo kahle:
- isihlabathi;
- Peat;
- ishidi lomhlaba.
Imbewu enhlabathini ingcwatshwa ngo-3 cm futhi iniselwe. Isitsha lapho sitshalelwe khona sasihlanganiswa ngosongelo lwapulasitiki noma simbozwe ngengilazi. Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, ifilimu noma ingilazi zisuswa nsuku zonke cishe amahora angama-2, ukuze amahlumela akwazi ukukhishwa emoyeni. Lapho iningi lembewu liqhamuka, indawo yokukhosela isuswe ngokuphelele.
Ukudlulisa izithombo ezitsheni ezihlukile kuyenziwa lapho zikhula futhi ziqina.
Ukusika kwe-midzi
Ukutshala izithombo ngokusika, izithelo zomakhiwane zizofika ngokushesha kunendlela enezinhlamvu.
Ukusabalalisa i-Carian ficus ngokusebenzisa ukusikwa, kubalulekile ukuthatha amagatsha esihlahleni sokwenza izithelo. I-Rooting yenziwa ngoJanuwari ngaphambi kokuqala kwesizini yokukhula. Izimbambo ezinobude obungu-15-20 cm zisikwa kahle ukusuka endaweni ephakathi noma engaphansi yesihlahla ukuze zibe namahlumela angama-3-4.
Ngemuva kokusika, ukusika kushiywe emoyeni ovulekile ukuze womiswe cishe amahora angama-7. Ngemuva kwalokho zibekwa ngokwahlukana komunye nomunye ezitsheni ezigcwaliswe ngesihlabathi somfula, zijule ngo-2 cm. indawo efudumele yokumpande. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusika kudinga ukuniselwa futhi kunikezwe amandla ngezikhathi ezithile.
Lapho ukusika kutholakala izimpande, zidluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukene agcwele ingxube yesihlabathi, iqabunga nenhlabathi yefudu.
Nakani! Lapho nje uhlelo lwezimpande lukhula lugcwalise wonke imbiza, isithombo kufanele sidluliselwe kwesinye isitsha, umthamo wawo ongamalitha angama-6-8.
Ukufakelwa komdwebo ngemuva kokuthenga
Ukuqunjelwa ngamakhiwane eyenziwe ekhaya kulula ukuyithenga. Ingathengwa ezitolo zezimbali noma uthinte amafemu akhethekile. Ukutshala ngaphakathi kwesihlahla somkhiwane kuqala ngokufakelwa kwaso okuphoqelekile.
Ukudlulisa amakhiwane ngemuva kokuthenga kuyadingeka
Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha imbiza ezoba banzi ngo-1-2 cm kunangaphambili. Umthamo wayo kufanele ube okungenani ilitha. Phansi kwembiza kubeka ungqimba lwamanzi ayi-2-3 cm. Ungasebenzisa:
- ubumba olwandisiwe;
- isitini esibomvu esichotshoziwe;
- imvuthuluka ye-polystyrene;
- izitsha zobumba eziphukile.
Ingxube yenhlabathi elungiselelwe ithululelwa ngaphezulu kwephayiphu.
Inketho yokuqala isilinganiso 2: 1: 3
- umhlaba obamba ukushisa;
- isihlabathi esihlanganayo;
- umhlaba wefudu.
Inketho yesibili isilinganiso 2: 1: 1: 2
- ishidi lomhlaba;
- isihlabathi;
- Peat;
- umhlaba wefudu.
Kubalulekile! Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlanganisela yenhlabathi, amagobolondo amaqanda aqhekekile angangezwa ngamanani amancane.
Ukufafaza amakhiwane egumbi ngemuva kokuthenga, awukwazi ukuphula isigaxa sobumba. Izimpande zommeleli womndeni wakwaTutov zintekenteke impela. Kulula ukulimaza nokuphula, futhi izifo ezahlukahlukene zikhula ngokushesha endaweni yokwaphuka.
Uma ukubola kutholwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa ohlelweni lwezimpande, izindawo ezilimele kumele zisikwe ngommese obukhali. Ngemuva kwalokhu, indawo yokusikwa ifafazwa ngamalahle aqhekekile.
Lapho uthatha indawo yesitshalo, kudingeka ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi intambo yayo yezimpande ihlala isezingeni lomhlabathi. Akunakuphikwa ukuthi ungashona emhlabathini.
Amakhiwane atshalwe emva kokuthengwa athelwa kakhulu ngamanzi, abekwe endaweni ekhanyayo, agwema ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, futhi ashiywe isikhathi esithile eyedwa, akuvumela ukuba kumile.
Ukufakelwa okwalandela kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngonyaka emabhodweni amakhulu. Isikhathi esikhulu salokhu ngoJanuwari (esiphezulu ngoFebhuwari), lapho amaqabunga engakafiki isikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Nakani! Ukudlulisa amakhiwane ngemuva kokuthenga kuyadingeka! Isithombo siyathengiswa enhlabathini yezokuhamba, engahloselwe ukukulima okuthe xaxa. Amakhiwane angaba kuwo isikhathi esithile. Uma isithombo hhayi kutshalwa emva kokuthenga, izoqala ukubuna futhi ife.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni amakhiwane ekhaya
Uma uwanakekela kahle amakhiwane, azikho izinkinga kulimo lwawo ekhaya okufanele ziphakame. I-emerald handsome cishe ayithinteki nezezinambuzane. Azikho izifo ezitholakala esihlahleni. Uma uyinisela ngokulingana, uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo alusongelwa ngokubola noma ukomisa ukuphuma.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, amakhiwane awazidali izinkinga ekukhuleni
Ukubhekisisa ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe umqhele wamakhiwane. Uma isihlahla sikhula ngokunamandla, amagatsha awo akhula ngokushesha, okungadala izinkinga ngesimo sokuntuleka kwesikhala samahhala egumbini. Ukugaya ngesikhathi esifanele kudinga amahlumela amade. Amagatsha aphansi asele, ngenxa yokususwa kwamagatsha aphezulu, anethuba lokuqinisa kangcono.
Ukukhula amakhiwane ekhaya, udinga ukuwaphatha njengokungathi kuyisidalwa esiphilayo. Kuyajabulisa ukujabulisa indoda exotic enhle ngokunakekelwa kanye nezwi elinomusa. Ephendula, uzobonga izithelo ezimnandi ezizoba phakathi kokuhamba ibanga - kuvulandi noma ewindini lewindows.
