Amagilebhisi athanda isimo sezulu esifudumele. Noma kunjalo, abafuyi bezitshalo bathuthukisa izinhlobo eziningi ngokwengeziwe zezimo zezulu zaseRussia. Enye yalezi yiMonarch hybrid yamagilebhisi, ehlukaniswa ngosayizi wasebukhosini berry impela nokunambitheka okuhle.
Indaba yokukhulisa i-Monarch hybrid
Amagilebhisi aseMonarch avele abonga umsebenzi we-amateur breeder E.G. I-Pavlovsky. Wathuthukisa uhlobo olusha ngokuwela izinhlobo zamagilebhisi zaseKhadinali naseTalisman. Ngemuva kokubheka imiphumela, izinhlobonhlobo ezintsha zathola igama lazo futhi zathola ukuthandwa ngokushesha phakathi kwabalimi. Yize kunjalo, i-Monarch ayikakatholi ukuqashelwa ngokusemthethweni - ayibhalwanga kwirejista yombuso.
Incazelo yamagilebhisi aseMonarch
I-hybrid yetafula lamagilebhisi aseMonarch anesikhathi sokuvuthwa maphakathi nesikhathi - inkathi yokukhula iyizinsuku eziyi-120-140. Izitshalo zibonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo. Umvini uvuthwa cishe ngo-1/3 kasayizi wokuqala.
Izimbali zeMonarch zisexual, ziyazenzisa. Ehlahleni iziqu ezilingana ngobukhulu nobukhulu (0.5 - 1 kg), kubumba ukuma kwesilinda, kufinyeleleke phakathi kwabantu. Ama-Berlin makhulu kakhulu (15-20 g, aphezulu aze afike ku-30 g).
Ama-monarch amajikijolo makhulu kakhulu, aluhlaza ngombala.
Ukwakheka kwamajikijolo kuyi-ovoid, isikhumba siminyene, siluhlaza okotshani (ngombala ogcwele we-amber ngombala obomvu we-tan). Imbewu incane, ebhusha ngalinye liqukethe izingcezu ezi-1-2 kuphela, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kufike ku-3, ngokudla cishe kungabonakali. I-pulp inoshukela omningi kakhulu, inomzimba, imnandi ngokungajwayelekile ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo ushukela omningi. Isici esiyingqayizivele sezinhlobonhlobo yiphunga le-natimeg elibucayi.
Amagilebhisi eMonarch kuvidiyo
Izici zeBanga
Ukuthandwa kwamagilebhisi aseMonarch kungenxa yezinzuzo eziningana:
- ekuqaleni (Agasti 20-25) futhi kuningi (kufika ku-20 kg kusuka esihlahleni 1);
- ukubekelwa phansi okuhle kwezithombo zokusika;
- izinga eliphakeme lokumelana nesithwathwa (kufika ku-25 mayelanaC)
- ukumelana okwandayo kwezifo ezithile;
- ukwethulwa kwamabhulashi namajikijolo;
- amajikijolo ashiywe esihlahleni awakhuli isikhathi eside;
- izimfanelo ezinhle zokunambitha zamajikijolo ezingashintshi nezimo zezulu eziguqukayo;
- ukumelana nokuhamba ngenxa yesikhumba esinyene.
Akukho okuhlukile okungenza ngaphandle kwamaphutha; i-Monarch ayikho ngaphandle kwabo:
- ngokugqoka okungafanele, ukunisela nokuthena, isihlahla singachithe isibeletho;
- ukumelana kabi ne-powdery hlobo.
Izici zokutshala nokukhula
Impumelelo yokukhula kwamagilebhisi ixhomeke ekutshaleni nokunakekelwa okufanele.
Izimfihlo zokutshala amagilebhisi
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu lapho ukutshala amagilebhisi ukukhetha okulungile kokutshala izinto. Ungavuna usikiwe ngokwakho noma uthenge izithombo ezinezimpande. Uma uthola isiqu, qiniseka ukuthi izigaba zaso ziluhlaza futhi okungenani zine-3 kuso.
Lapho uthenga isithombo esiphelile, naka uhlelo lwezimpande - kufanele luthuthukiswe ngezinqubo ezilandelanayo zombala omhlophe.
Ngokutshala, khetha izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande ethuthukisiwe
Ama-cuttings angafakwa kwi-stock yabantu abadala noma atshalwe ezimpandeni zakho.
Ukuze kugonywe, izingcezu kufanele zincitshwe ngokucophelela, zimanyiswe amahora angama-14-16 emanzini. Ukushisa kwamanzi kufanele kube ngu-15 mayelanaC - kule lokushisa, ukuvuswa kwe-cutways kungcono kakhulu. Ngemuva kokugcotshwa, ukusika okuhlanganisiwe kucwiliswe kwisisombululo se-stimulator sokukhula (i-sodium humate, heteroauxin, Epina). Ungasebenzisa ikhambi loju (0.5 isipuni nge-5 amalitha amanzi) njengesikhuthazi sokukhula. Izimbumbulu ezilungiselelwe zifakwe ngokuqinile esitokisini esihlukanisayo sesitoko bese zibopha ngokuqinile indawo okuxhunyelelwe kuyo ngomucu wendwangu.
Ukugonywa kwamagilebhisi ku-shtamb - ividiyo
Uma ufuna ukukhulisa isithombo esiqwini, udinga ukufaka inkungu emanzini kanye nesixhasi esikhulisayo esifana nokugoma. Ngemuva kokungena emanzini, i-chubuk ihlolwe ukuthi ifaneleka yini ngokuchofoza usiki ngommese: lapho icindezelwa, amaconsi amanzi avela ku-shank esezingeni eliphakeme (umswakama omningi kakhulu noma ukungabikho kwawo ngokuphelele kukhombisa ukungafaneleki kwe-shank). UChubuk olungiselelwe ufakwe emanzini noma esitsheni esinomhlabathi omanzi. Imvamisa bakwenza lokhu phakathi nobusika ukuze izithombo zikulungele ukutshala kwentwasahlobo.
Amagilebhisi eChubuki azonika izimpande uma efakwe ezitsheni ezinomhlabathi omanzi
Ukuze uthole izithombo ezikhulayo, abalimi batusa indlela elandelayo. Ungathatha ibhodlela lepulasitiki elitshaliwe, uthele ungqimba lomhlaba olungamasentimitha amabili kuwo. Inkomishi yepulasitiki enqunywe phansi ifakiwe ngenhla, igebe eliphakathi kwezindonga zebhodlela nenkomishi ligcwele umhlaba omanzi. Isihlabathi esimanzi esihlanzekile sobukhulu obuphakathi, eselashwa ngaphambili ngamanzi abilayo, sithululelwa endebe. Ngemuva kwalokhu, inkomishi idonswa ngokucophelela.
Phakathi nobubanzi besihlabathi, kwenziwa udangala (cm angama-6,6 cm) bese kubekwa isiqu lapho, isihlabathi sithululelwa ngakuyo. Ngemuva kwalokho fafaza yonke indawo yesitsha ngesendlalelo esincane sesihlabathi esomile bese usimboza isibambo ngembiza yengilazi noma ngebhodlela lepulasitiki elisikiwe. Isihlabathi sidinga ukuthanjiswa njalo.
Ukutshala izithombo zamagilebhisi ezivela kuChubuk - ividiyo
Lapho abakwaChubuki benikeza ezabo izimpande, zingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Udinga ukukwenza lokhu lapho umhlabathi ufudumala ufike ku- + 12 ... +15 mayelanaI-C futhi ngeke ibe yingozi yamafriji aphindaphindwayo.
Imvamisa izithombo eziluhlaza eziluhlaza zitshalwa engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi, kanti izingane ezineminyaka engu-2 ubudala ezihlotshisiwe zitshalwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo zidinga ukuqiniswa - kukhishwa nsuku zonke amahora amaningi emoyeni ovulekile.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle amagilebhisi udinga ukumnikeza indawo efudumele nokushisa okuhle kwenhlabathi
Indawo yokutshala amagilebhisi kufanele ikhethwe njengeyona efudumele kakhulu - ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu yendawo, ivikelekile emoyeni. Ibanga eliya ezihlahleni zezithelo kufanele libe ngu-3-5 m.
Umgodi wokutshala kufanele ube nobubanzi nokujula okungamamitha ayi-0,8. Uma inhlabathi ingaphezulu komswakama, umgodi wenziwa waba ngu-cm cm ngokujulile futhi isitini esaphukile sithululelwa ezansi, lapho kubekwa khona amapulangwe asikiwe (abambe ungqimba lomhlabathi). Umgodi ugcwele ingxube yezakhi zama-8-10 amabhakede e-humus ahlanganiswe nomanyolo wamaminerali (0.3 kg ngamunye we-superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate kanye nesiqukathi somlotha esingamalitha amathathu). Ungqimba lomhlabathi oluvundile (i-5-6 cm) lubekwa phezulu komcamelo wezakhi, ukuze ukujula komgodi ube ngama-45-50 cm. Ungafaka amapayipi okunciphisa ukunisela lesi sitshalo ngaphansi kwempande ngamanzi afudumele emgodini.
Amagilebhisi afakwa ngokucophelela emgodini, azama ukungaphuli izimpande, afafazwe ngenhlabathi, ahlanganisiwe futhi aniselwe (amabhakede ama-2-3 amanzi).
Ukutshala amagilebhisi entwasahlobo - ividiyo
Ezindaweni ezibandayo, ukufudumala okwengeziwe kwenhlabathi kungatholakala ngokumba umugqa wamabhodlela engilazi amnyama azungeze umgodi wokutshala (obekwe phansi phansi, ekhoneni). Ingaphezulu lomhlabathi ngemuva kokutshala lingambozwa ngefilimu.
Ukunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi esihlahleni
Ngokokuqala ngqa ngemuva kokutshala, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokunakekelwa ukuchelela. Nisela isitshalo esisha njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-14-16 ngokuqeda amanzi, futhi njengoba ungqimba olukhulu lomhlabathi loma, ulukhulushele kumamitha ayi-5-10.Ungaguqa inhlabathi nge-peat noma sawdust.
Izitshalo zabantu abadala ziniselwa kathathu ngesizini (kwisimo sezulu esomile kakhulu - kaningi). Ukunisela kokuqala kwenziwa ekugcineni kwezimbali.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Bush
Kunconywa kwakhiwa amagilebhisi eMonarch amahlumela ama-4. Imivini kufanele iboshwe kuma-trellises.
Ukuthena okunamandla akukhuthaziwe - i-Monarch ingalahla i-ovary. Umthwalo ofanele esihlahleni unikezwa ngokushiya amehlo ayi-25-35. Kuvame ukunconywa ukuthi amagilebhisi ancitshwe kuphela ngenkathi sekumnyama, kepha okuhlangenwe nakho kwamagilebhisi akhulisa le nhlobonhlobo kubonisa indlela ehlukile.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle izihlahla, kuyadingeka ukuthi uzibophele kuma-trellises
Inkosi ishiywe ingakathintwa kuze kube yilapho kwakheka amajikijolo (efinyelela osayizi bethanga). Ekuqaleni kwesizini, imivini inqunyulwa kancane, idonswe ngokucophelela ne-twine kuyi-trellis futhi ishiywe kulesi sikhundla. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ungasusa amanye amaqabunga anombala. Ngemuva kokuthi amabhulashi asungulwe, ungasusa ama-ovari owengeziwe, usike amahlumela akhuluphayo bese ubopha imivini kwizisekele.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Amagilebhisi asabela kahle kumanyolo, kepha ukondla okungakahambi isikhathi kungaholela ezithelweni eziphansi.
Umanyolo kudingeka ukuthi usetshenziswe kuphela ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ngaphandle kwalokho wonke umsoco uzoya ekukhuleni kwamahlumela.
Lapho ukhetha umanyolo wamaminerali, khumbula ukuthi amagilebhisi awazibekezeleli izingxube ze-chlorine. Imiphumela emihle ezivinini inikezwa umanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi: ammophos, nitrophoska, Mortar, Kemira, Novofert. Izinto zomkhondo zilusizo kakhulu kumagilebhisi - i-boron, i-zinc, ne-zethusi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesizini: ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, amasonto angama-2-3 ngaphambi kokuvunwa nasekwindla. Esikhathini sekwindla, kumanyolo womquba wethulwa - umquba wamahhashi noma wenkomo (ukubola) noma isixazululo se-mullein.
Umanyolo kudingeka ubekwe emiseleni engu-0,2-0,5 m ukujula, wemba isiyingi sezithelo zomvini eziseduze.
Yondla amagilebhisi - ividiyo
Ukuvikelwa ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni
Inkosi imelana kakhulu nezifo. Izinkinga zingavela kuphela nge-Powdery hlobo, ezingathinti kuphela ukubukeka nekhwalithi yamajikijolo, kodwa futhi kungaholela ekumeni kwemivini. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, umphumela omuhle unikezwa ngokufafaza nge-1% Bordeaux fluid, eyenziwa izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesizini.
Kulezi zinambuzane, umuntu kufanele aqaphele iminyovu ethanda ukudla amajikijolo amagilebhisi futhi ishiye amagatsha angenalutho emabhulashini kuphela. Kunzima kakhulu ukwesabisa izinambuzane kanye nezinambuzane zisiza kancane lapha (futhi akufanele uphathe amabhulashi amagilebhisi ngokubulala izinambuzane). Ukuvikela isivuno, ungabopha ibhulashi ngalinye esikhwameni sendwangu engasindi. Le ndlela, yeqiniso, idla isikhathi, kepha iqinisekisa ukusindiswa kokudla iminyovu kanye nezinyoni zombili.
Igobolondo lamagilebhisi ebusika
Ukuqina kobusika kwe-Monarch hybrid kuphezulu impela, kepha kungcono ukunakekela ukuvikela isitshalo ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, emva kokuthena ekwindla, imivini ivinjelwe kusuka ku-trellis, iboshwe ngamachilo bese ibekwa phansi. Abanye abaxhasi beewayini batusa ukumboza imivini ngesendlalelo somhlaba, kepha ungazibopha ngotshani noma ngotshani, noma umboze ngefilimu.
Ukuvikela amagilebhisi eqandeni, imivini eyehliselwa emhlabathini iboshwe ngotshani noma ngotshani
Ukuvunwa, ukugcinwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezilimo
Isivuno Monarch singavunwa eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ka-Agasti. Amabhulashi asikwa nge-pruner futhi afakwa emabhokisini noma (ngokuncono) emabhokisini enkuni. Ingxenye yesilimo ingashiywa emabhusha - ilenga isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokukhubeka.
Ngenxa yesikhumba esiminyene, iMonarch iyakubekezelela kahle ukuthutha. Ungasigcina isivuno esiqandisini. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukukhetha ngezikhathi ezithile amajikijolo angonakala. Uma isivuno sikhulu kakhulu, kungcono ukusibeka egumbini elipholile, ulenga amabhulashi ku-twine. Ukwandisa impilo yeshalofu, ungafaka amazambane amancane ezingxenyeni zamagatsha.
Inkosi ingeyezinhlobonhlobo zetafula, kepha ingasetshenziswa hhayi entsha kuphela. Amajikijolo anejusi kakhulu, ngakho-ke leli gilebhisi lilungele ukwenza ujusi newayini.
Ijusi yamagilebhisi ayimnandi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi nesiphuzo esinempilo kakhulu.
Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi
Inkosi ye-GF, ukuzala u-E. Pavlovsky Kubonakala kimi ukuthi leli bhero liyifanele kunazo zonke, elihambisana negama laso: ebukhosini ngempela! Isisindo esijwayelekile samajikijolo ngu-20 g. , Ngihlangane kakhulu futhi nge-30 gr. , ngenkathi izimo ezingeziwe zokugqoka ezihlahleni eziphezulu zingasetshenziswanga. Ukunambitheka kukwehla: inyama eminyibilikayo enephunga elimnandi le-nutmeg.
UFursa Irina Ivanovna, iKrasnodar Territory//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=63.0
Isithombo esinezimbali (i-monster seedling (Pavlovsky E)) esixhunywe kwi-cober sathengwa kumlobi entwasahlobo ka-2007. Ngo-2008, lapho imise fan, yanikeza isivuno samaqoqo ayi-5 wekhilogremu ngalinye. Ama-berry amakhulu kakhulu, umbala we-amber, ngaphandle kwe-pea, ngokungafani ne-SUPER EXTRA, uginindela ulingene, linomsoco okhanyayo. Kuvulwe ngo-Agasti 20. Amaqoqo amabili afinyelela maphakathi no-Okthoba futhi adliwa.Umvini uvuthwe kahle. I-GF iqinile, imelana nokuqina, i-oidium, nokubola okungwevu. Ayisebenzi ku-anthracnose.
ISalchanin, Isifunda saseRostov//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=795
Angikwazi nje ukubuyiselwa kuMonarch ogonyelwe iminyaka emingaki. Amabhasi anamandla, isivuno sinqabile nakancane - futhi wonke amaqoqo awafani, impova imbi, uhhafu wamakhasi amajikijolo asemgqeni, amahlumela ngokwawo makhulu njengesundu sami, amajikijolo aphezulu angama-20. Ngenxa yokulayisha okungapheli (hhayi uhlangothi lwami, kepha olokuzivocavoca komzimba), amahlumela ayokhuluphala, bese ebusika kabi kakhulu kusiko elingaqinisekiswanga, futhi "uma imvula i-cola, iqale phansi futhi." Futhi ngakho njalo ngonyaka kuwo wonke ama -hlahla ayi-15. Angiqapheleki ikakhulukazi ezifweni, angikaze ngihlangane ne-anthracnose, kepha angikwazi ukuthola isivuno. Izitoko zihlukile - bobabili iRiparia, ne-101-14, neKober - umphumela uyefana. Izihloko zodwa. Ngicindezela, ngicindezela, ukuze izingane zokutholwa zinike futhi zingakhathali, kepha awukho umphumela okhethekile, futhi akukho sitshalo ezinganeni zokutholwa nazo
I-Krasokhina, i-Novocherkassk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=795
Ngifunde futhi "yathula phansi" ukuthi akugcinanga nje ngeMonarch ukufafaza nami. Ukusuka emabhulashini kwakukhona amathambo kuphela. Awekho amajikijolo. Futhi ngonyaka odlule kwaba nezithelo zokuqala futhi yonke into yayihlanjululwa ngemvelo. Kuyihlazo. Ngizobona ukuthi kuzoba kanjani ngonyaka olandelayo futhi ngizoqala kabusha.
ngokwendalo//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-795-p-4.html
Inkosi enginayo eyodwa kuphela ebambe izihlahla zokusika.I-microphone yezolimo njengabo bonke abanye.I-berry ayikaze inyakaze, inkulu, kodwa ngeke ngiyisakaze ngalolo luhlaka. ENingizimu yethu ayifinyeleli emakethe, kunezinye izindlela lapho Kunzima ngenkosi ukuncintisana.
UVictor Boyko//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-795-p-4.html
Amagilebhisi Monarch kufanelekile ukuthatha indawo kunoma yisiphi isivini. Kudinga indlela yokwenza uqobo ngokuqondene nokuthena, ukugqoka phezulu nokunisela, kepha uma zonke izidingo ezidingekayo zihlangatshezwa, ithela isivuno esikhulu samajikijolo amakhulu kakhulu futhi anamnandi.
