Izinhlobo zamagilebhisi zihlukaniswe ngokudliwayo nezobuchwepheshe. I-Crystal ingelesigaba sokugcina, kepha lokhu akusho lutho ukuthi ilungele kuphela ukulungiswa kwewayini. Izinhlobo eziningi zobuchwepheshe zinoshukela ngenxa yokuqukethwe ushukela okuphezulu, ubumnandi nokunambitheka okuhlukile, kutholakala kalula ngama-gourmets. Ngokubambisana nokumelana nesithwathwa, lezi zinzuzo zanele ukuhlinzeka nge-Crystal ngokuthandwa okuqhubekayo phakathi kwabalimi baseRussia, kufaka phakathi nalabo abangenandaba ne-winemaking.
Incazelo ye-Crystal grapes izinhlobo
I-Crystal luhlobo lomvini oluhlukahlukene lokuzalwa eHungary. Kungokwesigaba sobuchwepheshe. Izinhlobo zezithelo zamagilebhisi ezihlanganiswa ngokukhethekile ezihlanganisa ngempumelelo i-acidity nokuqukethwe ushukela. Kulesi sici sezinhlobonhlobo zobuchwepheshe ezibenza bakulungele kahle ukuthola i-winemaking. Ngokuqondene nokunambitha, aziphansi kakhulu kuma-canteens, kodwa lezi zamuva zinezithelo ezinkulu kakhulu nama-bunches.
Amagilebhisi we-Crystal awabonakali ebukeka kakhulu, kepha ungabi mnambitheki kulokhu
Phakathi kokhokho be-Crystal kukhona izinhlobo zeCalloci Lajoche, iVillars Blanc ne-Amursky. Wathola ukunambitheka nokuqukethwe ushukela kusuka kokuqala (isiHungary), nokungabekezeleli nokumelana nokubanda okuvela kokugcina. ICrystal inconyelwe ukulinyelwa esifundeni saseNyakatho neCaucasus yiRussian State Rejista, kodwa ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi iyasinda ngempumelelo futhi ithele izithelo ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esithe xaxa - esifundeni Esiphakathi, endaweni ephakathi neRussia ngisho nase-Urals. Kuliqiniso, kulokhu, indawo yokuhlala ebusika iyadingeka.
Amagilebhisi e-Amur - esinye sezihlobo eziseduzane kakhulu seCrystal, okuvela kuzo lapho kamuva yazuza khona ukumelana nesithwathwa
Ukuvela kwamagilebhisi we-Crystal kumbi kabi, kepha izithelo bahlukaniswe ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, bane-pulp eyishukela futhi ebushelelezi enokuqukethwe okunoshukela omningi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ujusi uphenduka ube mnene kakhulu, noma unamathele. Amajikijolo mancane, anesisindo esingu-1,6-2 g ngesimo sebhola elicishe lifane nobubanzi obungu-5-7 mm. Isikhumba simhlophe qwa ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Incanyana, kepha iminyene, ngakho-ke izithelo ziyaqhekeka kakhulu. Kulezo zindawo lapho ilanga liwela phezu kwamajikijolo, isikhumba singathola i-golden or yellowish-pink hue.
I-Crystal yamagilebhisi ye-Crystal ayinconywa kuphela ngabenzi bewayini base-amateur, kodwa futhi nabathengi abangochwepheshe
Amabhulashi e-Crystal, ejwayelekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe, mancane. Isisindo sabo esijwayelekile singama-160-200 g. Ngezikhathi ezithandekayo ikakhulukazi ngesimo sezulu, isisindo sazo singakhuphuka size sifinyelele kuma-320-350 g. Ukwakheka kwebhulashi kufana nesigaxa esibekwe phezulu, akufani ngobukhulu obukhethekile. Ubungako bufinyelela ku-85-90% wamajikijolo asethiwe.
Amagilebhisi Crystal kungokwamabanga okuqala
Amagilebhisi we-Crystal avuthwa maphakathi noma ekugcineni kuka-Agasti. Selokhu kwaqala amaqanda esithelo, kudlula izinsuku eziyi-110 kuya kwezingu-5. Uma kungahlelwanga ukwenza iwayini kuso, kusiza ukunikeza amajikijolo okulenga okuthe xaxa emvinini - lokhu kuzowenza amnandi. Abadlali be-Winemender abakwemukeli lokhu, ngoba ukunambitheka komkhiqizo oseqediwe kugcwala futhi kucebile. Kepha ukuvezwa ngokweqile nakho akukufanele - iziqu zizoqala ukoma. Ukuvunwa kunconywa kusukela kumabhulashi aphansi kakhulu.
Ama-Crystal grapes bush awaphakeme, kepha ahlukile ngesilinganiso sokukhula. Amaqabunga aphakathi nendawo, aluhlaza mnyama ngombala, abushelelezi. Ama-shoot aphuzi-beige anezwi eliphansi elibomvu.
I-Crystal ine-peculiarity ethokozisayo - esihlahleni esifanayo sishiya futhi sihlakazeke kakhulu, futhi cishe wonke amaqabunga angatholakala cishe eduzane.
Amacembe we-Crystal amagilebhisi angaba bobunjwa abehlukene, kufaka phakathi isitshalo esisodwa
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziyinhloko zamagilebhisi we-Crystal, eziqinisekisa ukuthandwa kwawo okuhlala njalo phakathi kwabalimi, ivelele:
- ukungathobeki okujwayelekile kokuhamba. Ukulima i-Crystal kungamandla ngisho nomgcini wegadi ongazi kangako. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene akubekelwe hhayi izimo zezulu zezulu ezihamba phambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithombo zilula ukuthatha izimpande, zikubekezelela kahle ukucindezela okuhambisana nokufakelwa, ngokushesha kushukumisela ukukhula;
- ukumelana nezifo ezejwayelekile emasikweni. UCrystal akuvamile ukuba ahlupheke nge-True and Downy hlobo. Akukona ukuthi ihlaselwe ukubola, noma ngabe ihlobo lipholile futhi lina. Futhi ukubola okungwevu kungukuzivikela kofuzo;
- ukumelana nokubanda. Izinhlobonhlobo zibekezelela amazinga okushisa aze afike ku--28 ... -30 ºС ngaphandle komonakalo omkhulu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uyikhulise eRussia, hhayi ezifundeni eziseningizimu ezifudumele nasengxenyeni yayo yaseYurophu, kodwa futhi esifundeni saseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga nase-Urals (ngaphansi kwesiphephelo sasebusika);
- umkhiqizo. Ukusuka kumamitha ayi-1, kulandela uhlelo lokutshala olunconyiwe, kususwa ama-5-6 kg amajikijolo. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokungcoliswa kokufakelwa, lesi sikhombisi singandiswa kakhulu. Amaqoqo avuthiwe awonakali, amajikijolo kuwo awaphuki futhi awawi. I-Crystal ingasebenza njenge-pollinator yezinye izinhlobo zamagilebhisi;
- okuqukethwe ushukela omningi kanye nokujula. Lesi yisici esibonisa zonke izinhlobo zamagilebhisi obuchwepheshe. Okuqukethwe ushukela kumajikijolo e-Crystal okungenani yi-18% (kuvame ukusondela ku-20%), isivuno sejusi singama-68-72%. Kanye nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, lokhu kuyenza incintisane efanelekile ezinhlotsheni eziningi zetafula;
- Universal universal ukusetshenziswa. I-Crystal ayifanele kuphela ekwenzeni iwayini, yize ama-tasters ochwepheshe abancoma kakhulu ukunambitheka kwe-sherry kuyo. Ngaphezu kokudla okusha, amajikijolo angomiswa, ujusi, i-compote, ujamu, amanye amalungiselelo enziwe ekhaya angenziwa;
- isilinganiso sokukhula kalula Uma izihlahla ezinkulu zenziwa njalo ngonyaka ekwindla, kungashiyi “amehlo” angaphezu kwayisithupha ihlumela ngalinye, ngonyaka olandelayo kuba nokukhula okuthe xaxa komvini kanye nokwanda okukhulu kwesivuno. Ngokuqondene nokukhiqizwa kabusha, ngobuningi bamacala, hhayi kuphela izithombo, kodwa futhi ukusikwa okuxhunyekwe kahle kumile izimpande, noma ngabe izithombisi ze-rooting zingasetshenziswa.
Izithelo zomvini we-Crystal zisetshenziselwa indawo yonke.
Amaphutha ambalwa ka-Crystal amagilebhisi angabhekwa njengesihlobo. Ngokuvamile phakathi kwabo kubizwa ukubukeka okungabonakali kakhulu kwamajikijolo kanye namabhulashi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi izithelo ezinokuqukethwe okunoshukela okuningi zijabulela ukunakwa okukhethekile okuvela kwizinyoni nezinambuzane. Isici se-Crystal kanye nokuhamba okuphansi. Kepha ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo enkambisweni yezokuhamba akuhlupheki.
Iminyovu ekhangwa iphunga likajusi wamagilebhisi yonakalisa amajikijolo
Ukufakelwa
I-Crystal, njengazo zonke izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe, ibonakala ngokuthi ngobuningi bamacala, ukutshala impahla ngokushesha futhi ngempumelelo kuyimpande. Inqubo yokutshala iqala ngokukhethwa kwesithombo esifanelekile. Kuthengwa kuphela ezindaweni zokugcina izingane noma ezitolo ezikhethekile. Ukuthenga okwenziwe ngesandla emakethe noma kwezezolimo kuyingozi enkulu. Hhayi iqiniso lokuthi uzothola izinhlobonhlobo ezifunayo ngqo. Akunakwenzeka ngisho nokuqinisekisa ukuthi kungumvini.
Indawo enkulisa ethengwa kuyo yisithombo kufanele ibekwe endaweni efanayo ne-infield, noma enyakatho. Amagilebhisi anjalo avumelana kangcono nesimo sezulu sezulu sendawo.
Isithombo esisezingeni eliphezulu isihluthulelo sesivuno esiningi esizayo
Indlela eyinhloko okufanele ilandelwe lapho ukhetha isitshalo yisimo sohlelo lwezimpande. Kumele ithuthukiswe, kuyadingeka ukuthi okungenani ibe nezimpande ezintathu ngobude obungaphezu kuka-10 cm nobubanzi obuyi-3-5 mm. Izimpande ezinempilo zibushelelezi, ziba nokunwebeka, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphandle futhi zimhlophe ku-cut.
Ngokufanelekile, udinga ukuthenga isithombo ngohlelo oluvaliwe lwezimpande. Izitshalo ezinjalo ziyakubekezelela kangcono ukufakelwa uma kwenziwa ngendlela yokudluliselwa, ngaphandle kokubhubhisa i-coma yobumba. Kepha-ke akunakwenzeka ukuba bahlaziye isimo sohlelo lwezimpande.
Ungatshala amagilebhisi ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Inketho yokuqala ivame ukwenziwa ezindaweni eziseningizimu enesimo sezulu esifudumele. Uma utshala izithombo ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba, khona-ke kuze kube yilapho kuqala isithwathwa sokuqala kuzohlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Lesi sikhathi sanele ukuthi isitshalo sivumelane nezimo ezintsha zokuphila.
Ukufakwa emthonjeni entwasahlobo kuwukuphela kwezinketho zezifunda ezifudumele. Isimo sezulu lapho singalindeleki, amakhaza eza ngokungalindeleki futhi hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuhambisana nekhalenda. Ehlobo, isithombo sizokhula siqine ukuze sisinde ngempumelelo ebusika bokuqala endaweni entsha. Izinhlobo ezinesizalo zitshalwa phakathi kuka-Ephreli noma engxenyeni yokuqala kaMeyi, eziluhlaza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni.
Amagilebhisi okuthuthuka okuvumelanayo adinga ukufudumala nokukhanya kwelanga (kulapho ngcono). Emthunzini, isivuno asivuthi, amajikijolo aba omuncu. Ngakho-ke, kwizithombo, kukhethwa indawo evulekile, kepha kufanele ivikelwe ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka ekubandeni okubandayo. Kuhle, ngokwesibonelo, yindawo eseduze nendawo ephakathi kwegquma elithambile elithambekele kulo eliqondiswe eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Kude kude nokufika, kufanele kutholakale umgoqo wemvelo noma wokufakelwa ohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okudingekayo. Akunconyelwe ukutshala amagilebhisi eduze kuno-5-6 m kusuka kunoma yiziphi izihlahla zezithelo.
Ngokutshala amagilebhisi khetha indawo enelanga enokuvikelwa umoya
Indawo engafanele ngokuphelele - noma yiliphi izwe elingaphansi. Entwasahlobo, ancibilikisa amanzi amile lapho isikhathi eside, nomoya omswakama phakathi nenkathi yonke. Kokubili lokho, nokunye kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kokubola kwezimpande. Futhi, i-Crystal ngokungafanele ichaza amanzi angaphansi komhlaba asondele ebusweni. Kungcono ukuthi baqambe amanga okungenani ngaphansi kuka-1.5 m.
Uhlelo lwezimpande zamagilebhisi luthuthukisiwe impela, ngakho-ke ubukhulu kanye nobubanzi bomgodi wokutshala kufanele okungenani bube yi-80 cm (ngenhlabathi enesihlabathi elula - okungenani 1 m). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivikela izimpande ekuqandeni ebusika. Phansi, ungqimba lwamanzi aminyene angama-5-6 cm wobumba olwandisiwe, itshe elichobozekile, kanye nesibabule kuyadingeka.
Ukutshala umgodi wezithelo zomvini kufanele kube kujule ngokwanele, kulungiselele kusengaphambili
Ngemuva kwalokho, kwakheka izingqimba ezintathu ze-substrate evundile (i-chernozem, i-humus noma nje indawo enosawoti) emgodini ngobukhulu obungaba ngu-12-15 cm, babelane ngomanyolo. I-180-200 g ye-superphosphate elula ne-130-150 g ye-potassium sulfate ifakwa kabili. Umanyolo wezimbiwa ungathathelwa indawo ngomlotha wezinkuni (2,5 l l). Konke lokhu kuhlanganisiwe, kuniselwa kakhulu (amalitha angama-50-60 wamanzi), bese umgodi umbozwe ngento engavumeli ukuthi amanzi adlule.
Uma umgodi ulungiswa entwasahlobo, kudingeka ume okungenani amasonto amabili; kugodi umgodi ngaphansi kokufika kwentwasahlobo ekwindla.
Amagilebhisi atshalwa kuphela lapho inhlabathi ifudumala ifinyelela ku-10ººº, futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya phakathi nezinsuku eziyishumi nantathu lingaweli ngaphansi kuka-15ºº. Ungagxila kwizimpawu zabantu - izimbali zezinyoni ezingama-cherry, i-dandelion, amaqabunga aqhakaza emifantweni.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-bird bird kusho ukuthi inhlabathi isifudumele ngokwanele ukutshala amagilebhisi
Inqubo yokufaka:
- Cishe usuku ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zesithombo zifakwe emanzini afudumele ku-23-25 ° C. Ungangeza i-potanganum permanganate encane (ku-pink pink hue) ukuyibulala amagciwane, noma i-biostimulant (Kornevin, Zircon, Heteroauxin, ijusi le-aloe, i-presinic acid) ukukhulisa ukungazweli futhi uzivumelanise kangcono nezimo ezintsha. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukunquma izimpande, uzenze zifinyeze ngo-1.5-2 cm.
- Izimpande zigxunyekwe kwinhlanganisela yobumba lwempuphu kanye nesisombululo se-potassium humate. Isisindo esilungiswe kahle ngokuhambisana nokungafani kufanele sifane no-ayisikhilimu obukhulu. Isidingo sokuyiyeka yome.
- Isithombo sehliselwa emgodini ukuze iningi lamahlumela liguqukele enyakatho, futhi isithende sezimpande sithambekele eningizimu. Izitshalo zonyaka zihlelwe ngokuqondile, izitshalo ezineminyaka emibili ubudala (kusuka ku-25 cm ukuphakama) - ekhoneni elingaba ngu-45º kumphezulu womhlabathi. Ukulungisa izimpande ziqonde kahle.
- Ipayipi lepulasitiki elingububanzi obuncane (cishe amasentimitha ama-5) ligxotshwa enhlabathini ukuze enye ingxenye yalo iqondiswe ohlelweni lwezithombo, bese olwesibili lukhuphuka ngo-8-10 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi.
- Umgodi umbozwe kahle izingxenye ezincane zenhlabathi (inhlanganisela yenhlabathi emnyama noma i-turf evundile nesihlabathi esikhulu somfula ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1), siyenza ngezikhathi ezithile. Akudingekile ukukuqhathanisa nobuso bomhlaba. Ekugcineni, kufanele uthole umgodi ngokujula kwama-cm cm.
- Kudutshulwe amahlumela, kusale “iso” eliphansi elingu-3-4. Isithombo siniselwa kakhulu, sichitha amalitha angama-35- 40 amanzi. Inhlabathi engaphezulu ihlanganiswe, iqiniswe ngefilimu yepulasitiki emnyama. Umgodi obunjwe ngesiphambano usikwa isithombo, ngoba emavikini amathathu okuqala umbozwe ngebhodlela leplastiki elisikiwe, ingilazi yengilazi. Lapho eqala ukukhula, indawo yokukhosela ingasuswa.
- Nisela isitshalo ngepayipi lokudonsa, lapho umgodi wenzelwa khona ifilimu.
Isithombo samagilebhisi esitshaliwe kufanele siqhubeke sisemgodini ngokujula kwama-7-10 cm
Ukutshala Autumn akuhlukile neze entwasahlobo. Ukuphela kwento edinga ukwenziwa ngokungeziwe ukugcwalisa igquma kusuka emhlabathini noma ukubumbeka kwe-crumb ekuphakameni okungaba ngu-10 cm ezimpandeni zesitshalo bese kufakwa izigaxa zombuthano wesiyingi onobubanzi obungaba ngu-0.5 m.
Izithombo zomvini we-Crystal biennial, ngokungafani namagilebhisi waminyaka yonke, atshalwa emhlabathini, zibekwe engela elingaphezulu komhlabathi
Uhlelo lokutshala amagilebhisi luxhomekeke kwinhloso yokusebenzisa kwayo. Uma uhlela ukwenza iwayini, ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo lingamasentimitha angama-75-80. Amagilebhisi ethebula atshalwa ngezikhathi eziphindwe kabili. Phakathi kwemigqa shiya ubuncane be-2 m (mhlawumbe u-2,5-3 m). Ukuhlelwa kwesakhiwo samagilebhisi kubaluleke kakhulu - izitshalo zizothola umsoco owanele, zikhanyiswe ngokulinganayo yilanga. Ziphinde zinikezwe umoya omncane - lokhu kusiza ukunakekelwa kwazo futhi kuyindlela yokuvimbela esebenza ngempumelelo esiza ukugwema ukubonakala kwezifo eziningi nezinambuzane.
Ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla zomvini lincike enjongweni yokusebenzisa izithelo.
Qiniseka ukuthi unikeza indawo yokusekelwa. Inketho elula kunazo zonke yi-trellis ejwayelekile: phakathi kokuthunyelwe, ucingo oluncanyana selulwa ngokuqondile emigqeni eminingana ukuphakama okungaba ngu-50 cm, 80 cm, 120 cm, 150 cm. Zonke amahlumela amasha aboshelwe kusekela kuphela endaweni evundlile. Kulokhu kuphela lapho bezokhula futhi bathele izithelo ngokulinganayo. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, “amehlo” aphezulu kuphela ayohluma.
I-tapestry iyadingeka kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamagilebhisi
Amagilebhisi engadini adinga isikhala esiningi, kepha phakathi kwezihlahla kungenzeka impela ukutshala ezinye izitshalo eziphansi, ngokwesibonelo, imifino, amakhambi abilayo. Uhlelo lwazo lwezimpande alusezingeni eliphezulu, ngakho-ke ayisiqhudelwano lwezithelo zomvini ezimpande zalo zihamba ziba ngu-4-5 m ukujula emhlabathini.
Ividiyo: ungatshala kanjani amagilebhisi kahle
Izeluleko Zokulima
Izinhlobo zamagilebhisi zobuchwepheshe zilula kakhulu ukuzinakekela kunanoma yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo ezivela esigabeni se-canteen.
Ukunisela
Amagilebhisi ayisitshalo esishisayo, ngakho-ke uthanda umswakama. Kepha ama-sampling amancane kuphela angaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 adinga ukuthambisa kaningi futhi maningi. Ziyaniselwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala. Ngemuva kwalokho isilinganiso esilinganayo (35-40 l) sisetshenziselwa lesi sitshalo njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ezinyangeni ezintathu ezizayo.
Izithombo zamagilebhisi ezincane kuphela eziniselwa kakhulu futhi kaningi
Ezitshalweni ezindala, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyingozi. Ngenkathi banisela kakhulu izikhathi ezi-4, bachitha amalitha ayi-15-20 amanzi. Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izithelo, lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi yi-water-charging irrigation (70-80 l) kwenziwa, ngaphandle kokuthi isimo sezulu sibanda futhi lina. Futhi, isitshalo sidinga umswakama lapho amaqabunga eqhakaza, ngesikhathi kwenziwa ama-ovari wezithelo futhi cishe inyanga ngaphambi kokuvunwa okulindelwe.
Ukunisela kumele kumiswe isonto ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ama-buds azowa, ukuvuthwa kwesitshalo kuzoncipha kakhulu.
Imvamisa, amagilebhisi aniselwa ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwamapayipi ambiwa emhlabathini, lokhu kusiza ukuletha umswakama ngqo ezimpandeni ezijulile zenhlabathi.
Indlela engafanele yokuchelela ukufafaza. Kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta eziningi ze-pathogenic. Amagilebhisi awaphendukeli kahle emacembe amanzi. Ngakho-ke, ngokweqiniso, kungcono ukubeka i-visor ngaphezulu kwe-trellis ukuze uyivikele emvuleni. Kungcono ukunisela amagilebhisi ngendlela yodonsa noma ngamapayipi akhethekile okumba awumbelwe emhlabathini.
Izinduna ezisele emaqabungeni nezithelo zomvini kungadala ukukhula kokubola
Isicelo somanyolo
I-Crystal ayinazo izidingo ezikhethekile zokugqoka eziphezulu. Kwanele ukufaka umquba ekuqaleni kwesizini yokukhula nangemva kokukhiqiza izithelo.
Esimweni sokuqala, ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kuqukethe i-nitrogen. I-Urea, i-ammonium sulfate, i-ammonium nitrate eyomile (15-20 g / m²) ihlakazeka isiyingi esiseduze. Okuhlukile - inani elifanayo lomanyolo lihlanjululwe kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi, isixazululo sisetshenziselwa ukunisela. Kanye njalo emva kweminyaka engama-2-3, kwethulwa umquba, umquba obolile, umquba (i-10-15 l / m²).
Humus - Umanyolo ophumelelayo wamagilebhisi
Ekwindla, amagilebhisi aduthiswa i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Ungasebenzisa i-superphosphate (25-30 g) ne-potassium sulfate (i-10-15 g) ngesimo esomile noma njengesixazululo.
Enye indlela engokwemvelo yokuhlanza umlotha wezinkuni (1.5-2 L).
I-Wood ash - umthombo wemvelo we-potassium ne-phosphorus
Kukhona nomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi owenzelwe ngqo amagilebhisi. Abathandwa kakhulu kubo yi-Master, Florovit, Kemira, Mortar, Novofert, Plantafol. Isixazululo esilungiselelwe ngokuya ngemiyalo sifafazwa ngamaqabunga ngaphambi kokuqhakaza namaviki ayi-1.5-2 ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamaqanda esithelo.
Isixazululo sanoma imuphi umanyolo silungiswa ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Amagilebhisi we-Crystal uma eqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo awabambeki kakhulu ebandayo, kepha ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile esingalunge kakhulu ekukhuleni lesi sitshalo, kunconywa ukuba sihlanganise futhi sifudumele izimpande zaso.
Amagilebhisi we-Crystal anokuqina okuhle kwesithwathwa
Ukuze wenze lokhu, maphakathi nekwindla, umbuthano oseduzane uhlanza kahle imfucumfucu yemifino futhi kufakwe kuyo i-peat crumb, humus. Udinga ukudala ungqimba onobukhulu okungenani be-10 cm. Kuthelelwa igquma elinobude obungama-20-25 cm eduze kwesiqu. Kungcono ukumboza izitshalo ezisencane kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu ubudala, kusetshenziswa amabhokisi amakhadibhodi asayizi ofanele agcwaliswe ngotshani (amagundane abolile, amagundane ngokuvamile ahlala kusha), sawdust, izingcezu zezindaba.
Ungakha ukufana kwendlu kusuka ezingxenyeni ezimbalwa zokugqekeza, welule phezu kohlaka.
Kungcono ukumboza ngokuphelele izithombo ezincane zomvini weCrystal ebusika
Uma kunokwenzeka, amahlumela asuswa ku-trellis, abekwe emhlabathini futhi ambozwe ngamagatsha e-spruce. Ungadonsa futhi ngaphezulu kwanoma iyiphi impahla esembozwa komoya. Lapho nje kwehla iqhwa ngokwanele, kungcwatshwa ezitshalweni, kudaleke iqhwa. Ebusika, ixazulula ngokungenakuvinjwa, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ukuvuselela isakhiwo ngesikhathini se-2-3. Ngaso leso sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukwephula uqweqwe olunzima lokuqina olwalwakhiwe ebusweni.
ILapnik ivikela kahle amagilebhisi eziqandeni zasebusika
Entwasahlobo, indawo yokukhosela isuswa kuphela lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lisethwe ku-5ºС. Ezifundeni lapho amafrimu abuyela entwasahlobo angajwayelekile, ungaqala wenze izimbobo ezincane endaweni yokukhosela ukuze kungene umoya. Uma ukupholisa kwaziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, usuku noma ezimbili ngaphambi kwalokhu, izitshalo zifafazwa ngesisombululo sika-Epin. Umphumela walokhu kwelashwa uhlala izinsuku ezingama-8-10.
Izifo nezinhlamvu zezinambuzane, ukuvikela kuzo
Amagilebhisi I-Crystal inokuzivikela okuhle, kuyaqabukela ihlushwa isikhunta se-pathogen. Noma kunjalo, ukuvimbela akufanele ukhohlwe. Kabili ngonyaka (ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangemva kokuqhakaza izithelo), izitshalo zifafazwa ngesisombululo se-fung fung esilungiselelwe ngokuya ngemiyalo. Kungaba isikhathi eside futhi kufakazelwe kahle i-Bordeaux ketshezi, i-sulfate yethusi, kanye nezidakamizwa zesimanje (Horus, Topaz, Abiga-Peak, Kuprozan, Skor).
I-Bordeaux liquid ingathengwa noma ilungiswe ngokuzimele
Ukusuka kwezinambuzane eziningi, isixazululo seNitrafen (20 g / l) sisiza kahle. Izitshalo ziphathwa nazo ekuqaleni kwenkathi yezitshalo ezisebenzayo, lapho amaqabunga eqabunga esevele edumbile, kepha engakaqhakaza. Ehlobo, cishe kanye ngenyanga, ungasebenzisa ukumiliselwa komlotha wezinkuni, isisombululo se-ash ash, i-colloidal sulfure.
Inkinga enkulu yensimu izinyoni kanye neminyovu. Bakhangwa kakhulu ngamajikijolo anejusi kakhulu nephunga eliyilo. Ungavikela ukutshala ezinyoni ngokumboza izitshalo ngene elinamandla, elinemisipha emihle. Ezinye izindlela (izisebe, ukuveza kabusha umsindo, izimbambo ezicwebezelayo, izibuko) zinomphumela wesikhashana.
UMesh uvikela ngokunethezeka amagilebhisi kwizinyoni
Indlela engcono yokuqeda iminyovu ukuthola nokubhubhisa zonke izidleke ezitholakala esizeni. Izicupho ezikhethekile ze-pheromone nezimpawu ezenziwe ekhaya nazo zinikeza umphumela omuhle. Inketho elula kunazo zonke isitsha esamiswa eduze kokutshala, esigcwele isiraphu kashukela (uju noma ujamu oxutshwe namanzi).
Ukhula nokulima
Inhlabathi ekwindilinga eseduze-stem idinga ukukhishwa njalo. Ngokufanelekile, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngemuva kwemvula, kepha uma kungasebenzi, okungenani izikhathi ezingama-6-8 ngesizini. Ukhula lwenziwa njengoba kunesidingo. Ukuze wonge isikhathi esichithwe kukho, ukufakwa mulching kuzosiza.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuthi njalo njalo emavikini ayi-1.5-2 "hlanganisa" amagilebhisi owakhiwe ebhulini elijwayelekile lokupenda ukususa imfucumfucu. Amaqoqo ahlanzekile ahlanzekile abukeka ethandeka kakhulu futhi mancane kakhulu amathuba okuba agule.
Izihlahla
Izihlahla kuyisidingo sokuqala sokwenza izithelo eziningi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isisindo esiluhlaza sikhula ngokuqinile, ama-ovari ngokwengxenye ayawa, amajikijolo mancane futhi alahlekelwa ukunambitheka kakhulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umthwalo ophelele esitshalweni esidala awudluli "amehlo" angaphezu kwama-60-65.
Noma yikuphi ukugawulwa kwamagilebhisi kwenziwa kusetshenziswa kuphela ithuluzi elihlanzekile nelilolile
Entwasahlobo, amahlumela aphukile noma aqandisiwe ebusika ayasuswa. Ukuthena okwenzeka ngokujwayelekile ngalesi sikhathi akukanconywa ngenxa yokuthi wonke amanxeba afakwa kulesi sitshalo apholisa kabi futhi akhulule uketshezi ngokukhululekile - i-apiary. Ugcwalisa "amehlo", "omuncu" ngenxa yalokhu, ongakwazi ukuvula noma ukubola. Ungalahlekelwa hhayi kuphela isivuno kule sizini, kodwa isitshalo sonke.
Amahlumela amasha entwasahlobo akhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Lapho befika kubude obungu-2-3 cm, bayahlukana. Okwesibili lapho bekwenza lokhu, lapho bekhula baba ngamasentimitha ayi-12 kuya ku-15. Lokhu kuyasiza ekwenzeni umthwalo esitshalweni ube mkhulu ngisho nangaphambili. Lezo amahlumela afinyelele kubude obungamasentimitha angama-60-70 aboshelwa ku-trellis. Ukuze bangazilimazi, basebenzisa ucingo olukhethekile olusongelwe ephepheni noma nge-bast enamanzi.
Ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla samagilebhisi kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi
Ehlobo, baqapha ukuvela "kwama-stepons", bawagawula njalo. Amahlumela akhiwe ngokungaphumeleli enza ukuqina kwesihlahla, avimbele ukukhanyisa kwawo umfaniswano nomoya omncane ojwayelekile, nawo ayasuswa. Kumazibuko amadala, cindezela i-apex lapho ufinyelela ukuphakama okungu-170-180 cm.
Ukuthenwa okukhulu kwamagilebhisi i-Crystal yenziwa ekwindla, cishe amasonto ayi-2-2,5 ngemuva kokuba wonke amahlamvu esewile. Kubalulekile ukuba ngesikhathi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala. Ngemuva kwabo, izinkuni ziba buthaka kakhulu, zingalimaza kakhulu isitshalo. Inqubo uqobo lwenziwa ekushiseni komoya okungeyona ephansi kuka -3ºС.
Ezitshalweni ezincane, amahlumela angama-4-8 athuthuke kakhulu futhi aqine ashiywe, anciphise ngokushesha ngaphezu kwe “iso” lesine noma lesihlanu. Ezitshalweni ezindala, ingxenye engezansi yesiqu kanye namahlumela wangaphansi okufika ku-40-50 cm ahlanzwa ngokuphelele amahlumela. Kulabo abenze le sizini, susa zonke izitebhisi, unqume iziqongo, unciphise ihlumela cishe nge-10%.
Noma yikuphi ukuncipha kwenziwa ngethuluzi elibukhali kuphela nelibunjiwe kuphela. Kungcono ukusebenzisa umgobho wokuthena wobukhulu obufanele - umonakalo obangelwa wona mncane.
Ividiyo: izihlahla zomvini omdala wokuthena
Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi
Unyaka nonyaka we-Crystal akudingekile, kulo nyaka bekukhona amaqoqo amaningi angaphelele. Izinhlobonhlobo zilungele inhloso yazo. Ungadla, kepha isikhumba namathambo akuvumeli ukuba kwenziwe ngokwesiko.
_Anton//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=1438
E-Yekaterinburg, i-Crystal yavuthwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ukushisa nokushisa ehlobo ngomhlaka 20 Agasti. Namuhla uthele isivuno sokuqala sezimpawu - amakhekhe ayisithupha anesisindo esingu-350 g. Ngijabule ngokuhlanya, isivuno sokuqala samagilebhisi amahle. Wonke umndeni wawuthanda ukunambitheka, amagilebhisi ahamba ngesigaxa. Amathambo ngaphakathi kwamajikijolo avuthiwe futhi, ngendlela, ngokuvamile awabonakali lapho kudliwa. Imivini inamandla, ubude bayo buyi-4-5 m. Izinkuni ziyavuthwa ngokushibilika okugcwele. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngonyaka olandelayo ukuvuna kuzobe sekugcwele ngokugcwele. Ngokuqondene nokunambitheka kweCrystal, izolo nje bekukhona isiqephu esijabulisayo. Odade bagubha usuku lokugubha. Etafuleni kwakukhona amagilebhisi ezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili ezazithengiwe. Futhi wonke umuntu, ngaphandle kokusho izwi, wayethi amagilebhisi awo akhule ezweni (futhi lokhu bekuyiCrystal) angamakhi.
I-AndreyS//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?p=378962
Kimi, i-Crystal iyathakazelisa kwasekuqaleni njengezinhlobonhlobo ezingavimbeli, futhi nekhwalithi yamajikijolo ayimibi. Ebusika obandayo, isithombo asizange siqine, okuqinisekisa ngokungaqondile ukumelana okubandayo okuphezulu. Nginezinhlahla ezimbili ezincane, eyodwa zaxhunyelelwa eRusball, kuwo kwakukhona amajikijolo amahlandla aphindwe kabili nengxenye ngaphezulu kwempande. Nambitha, unuka usilika.
AmaSaksens//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?s=2e09f8198f0e22782e2ee85af8d4f180&t=1438&page=2
I-crystal yaqala ukumunca i-berry. Ubuningi bomswakama bufana kahle, igazi le-Amur liyathinta. Isihlahla sineminyaka eyisithupha. Zihlale zizinzile ngokuvunwa, ukuvuthwa nokuvuthwa. Okuhlwabusayo, okuqinile, okuqinile ebusika. Kwakuzoba nendawo, ngangitshala umugqa kumhlophe.
Vadim Utkin//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=487.0
I-Crystal endaweni yami ingenye yezinhlobo zamagilebhisi zokuqala kakhulu futhi emnandi kunazo zonke, futhi ngoba nayo iyamelana nezifo nezinambuzane, ine-hardness yasebusika eqinile, ingagcinwa kuphela yile mikhakha. Kule sizini, wenza izindlela zokwelapha zokuvimbela nje kuphela, akazange ondle, engalinganisi, isihlahla esidonswe kalula ngamabhulashi esihlwini, ukuqoqwa okuphelele okuvela emabhusha amabili aneminyaka emithathu (kodwa atshala umuntu oneminyaka emibili) bekungaba amalitha ayi-15. Ukuvuthwa isonto elilandela uPlatovsky okhulayo, waqongelela ushukela owengeziwe, walengiswa cishe izinyanga ezimbili, ngaphandle kokulahleka kwekhwalithi - umzukulu oneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye owayeyisimenywa wayesidla nsuku zonke. Ngokwemvelo, akukho lutho olwasala ujusi, kakhulu kangakanani nge wayini. Ukuvela kwezinhlobonhlobo yikhona okuhle kakhulu. Kukho konke, lokhu kuyibanga lobuchwepheshe, kepha njengoba linezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitha, kusesekuseni impela, kudliwa esihlahleni ngezimo zami.
Yuri Semenov//lozavrn.ru/index.php?topic=104.0
Ngempela, izinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi e-Crystal zinezinzuzo eziningi, kepha kunesilinganiso esisodwa esibalulekile - siphulukana ngokushesha ne-acid lapho kuvuthwa. Lokhu kuyinkinga kumqali we-winemaker, njengoba iwayini liba "flat", ngakho-ke ngalisusa ku-assortment yami.
Algerd//lozavrn.ru/index.php?topic=104.0
Amagilebhisi Crystal kungokwamabanga ezobuchwepheshe, kubhekwa kakhulu ekuseni. Esifundeni sethu iVolgograd, safika kahle. Amagilebhisi angobude obuphakathi, futhi amajikijolo awendondo. Umbala omhlophe qwa. Zinesimo esijwayelekile, kepha siminyene futhi simnandi. Ngithanda le nhlobonhlobo ngenxa yobumnandi bayo nobusawoti bayo, inyama yayo imnandi futhi isikhumba sayo sincane. Amagilebhisi we-Crystal angamelana neqhwa aze afike ku -29ºС. Amagilebhisi empeleni awaguli, alwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngiyifafaza ngoketshezi lweBordeaux kabili ngesizini: ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Amagilebhisi we-Crystal esidla ngawo ikakhulukazi. Le nhlobonhlobo ikhiqiza iwayini elimnandi nelinoshukela. Ngiyisebenzisela ukwenza ujusi, engiwugijimisa ngejusi. Ijusi liphenduka liphuzi, limnandi futhi linothile.
UTutsa//otzovik.com/review_2035652.html
I-Crystal yizinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi zakuqala ezingokwesigaba sobuchwepheshe. Kepha ngokuya ngokunambitheka, izithelo zawo azigcini nje ngokuba phansi, kepha zivame ukwedlula izinhlobo zetafula ezidumile. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ngokunakekela isivuno. I-crystal eqinile futhi ethela kakhulu izithelo, ihlupheka kakhulu kubanda obubandayo, ayinakuzivikela ezifweni eziningi ezijwayelekile zamagilebhisi. Konke lokhu kwenza izinhlobonhlobo cishe zilungele ukutshala eRussia.
