Isitshalo saseSalvia esikhanyayo, esidonsa kahle, esingokwesakhi sofuzo, sesibe ngomunye umhlobiso owuthandayo wemibhede yezimbali nemibhede yezimbali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli siko lijabulisa iso kuwo wonke amazwekazi omhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Australia. Lesi sitshalo sikhanga ngokubukeka kwawo kwe-chic, isikhathi eside sezimbali futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungazinakekeli ngokunakekelwa. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nomlimi oqalayo uzokwazi ukukhulisa i-salvia ukuhlobisa isiza sakhe, ukusuka ekuhlwanyeleni imbewu kuya ekutshaleni izithombo ezinempilo nokuzinakekela.
Ukutshala iSalvia nini
Ukukhula kwe-salvia kusuka ezinhlanyweni akudingi ulwazi olukhethekile nemizamo, kodwa noma kunjalo udinga ukuthi unake ezinye izici zalesi sitshalo. ISalvia izala ngezindlela eziningi, kepha iminyaka eminingi yamava abalimi iphakamisa ukuthi ukutshala imbewu kuphumelela kakhulu. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukuthola izitshalo ezingamelana kangcono futhi kusheshiswe ukuqala kwezimbali.
Isikhathi esisuka ekuhlwanyeleni imbewu siye e-salvia eziqhakazayo siyizinyanga ezi-3-4. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo kuyadingeka uma kucatshangelwa imininingwane yendawo: ezindaweni ezifika ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, uFebhuwari isikhathi esihle sokutshala, ngasekupheleni kukaMashi nasekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
Ukuze ukhule izithombo ezinempilo, kubalulekile ukunamathela ezinqumweni ezithile zokutshala imbewu nokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile. Ikhalenda lenyanga lizosiza ekunqumeni izinsuku ezingcono kakhulu zale nqubo ngonyaka we-2019.
Izinsuku zokuhlwanyela imbewu nokutshala i-salvia ngokwekhalenda yenyanga ka-2019
| Ukuhlwanyela imbewu | Ukutshala izithombo | |||
| Inyanga | Izinsuku ezithandekayo | Izinsuku ezimbi | Izinsuku ezithandekayo | Akuthandeki izinsuku |
| UFebhuwari | 6-8, 11-17, 21-25 | 4, 5, 19 | - | - |
| Mashi | 12-17, 19-20 | 6, 7, 21 | - | - |
| Ephreli | 6-8, 11-13,15-17, 29, 30 | 5, 19 | - | - |
| Meyi | - | - | 8-17, 21-23, 26-28 | 5, 19 |
| NgoJuni | - | - | 1, 2, 5, 6, 9-13, 20-26 | 3, 4, 17 |
Lapho utshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile, ngaphezu kwezinsuku zekhalenda lenyanga, umuntu kufanele abheke isimo sezulu esikhona ngalesi sikhathi.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo ze-salvia ezinesithombe
Kunezinhlobo ezingamakhulu ambalwa zesalvia. Iningi lazo lingama-perennials afinyelela ku-120 cm ukuphakama. Kepha ezimweni zezulu ezinobusika obubandayo nehlobo elishisayo, i-salvia ivame ukutshala kakhulu njengonyaka. Izinhlobo eziningana zesiko zithandwa kakhulu ukuhlobisa ama-balcony, amathala nezindawo zokubaza.
Ukuqhakaza
Lolu uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lweSalvia, izwe lakubo iBrazil. Isikhathi sokutshala njengezilimo cishe siyiminyaka engama-200. Ngenxa yemisebenzi yokuzalanisa, namuhla ungathola i-salvia ecwebezelayo hhayi ebomvu kuphela, kodwa futhi imhlophe, i-violet, nsomi futhi umbala wethoni amabili. Iqhakaza kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze kufike ekuqaleni kwesithwathwa. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-salvia ezinde nezifushane: ukuphakama kohlobo lokuqala kungama-80-90 cm, owesibili - kuze kube yi-50 cm.
Ezokwelapha
Lolu hlobo lwesigaxa esijwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu, olusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokwelapha nasekuphekeni. Ezimweni zemvelo, iyi-shrub yaphakade. Engadini yakho ungayikhulisa njengesiko lonyaka. Ujabulisa inflorescence onsomi yezimbali maphakathi nehlobo.
Bomvu
Isitshalo sikhuliswa njengonyaka, kepha ngasikhathi sinye sifinyelela ekuphakameni okungama-50-70 cm.Izimbali ziyafana kuzo zombili i-salvia ecwebezelayo ne-sage. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sisukela ekuqaleni kukaJulayi kuze kube yisimo sezulu esibandayo sokuqala.
Omncane
Lolu hlobo lubalulekile ngamakhekhe alo amancane e-carmine flower kanye neziqu eziluhlaza eziqukethe uwoyela obalulekile onephunga. Amahlamvu neziqu ze-salvia ezincane ezinamafutha asetshenziswa kwezokwelapha kanye namakha. Izimbali zesitshalo zihlala kusuka ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Mealy
Le nhlobonhlobo inezimpawu eziqondile, amaqabunga akhuphukile kanye nama-inflorescence anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi, ubude bawo bufika ku-20 cm. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungamasentimitha angama-90. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngo-Agasti futhi siqhubeke kuze kube yiqhwa.
UMotley
ISalvia yalolu hlobo iyaphawuleka kumabhulokhi akhula engxenyeni engenhla yeziqu ezingama-50. Ama-inflorescence ahlanganisa izimbali ezingaba yisithupha zombala wepinki noma we-lilac, ziyaqhakaza ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ububi be-salvia mosagated ukufakwa kweziqu. Ukugwema inkinga, kubalulekile ukufaka izisekeli ngesikhathi.
Ukulungiselela nokutshala imbewu
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala imbewu ngqo, kufanele ulungiselele ithangi, inhlabathi kanye nezinto zokutshala ngokwakho.
Okokufika, ungasebenzisa noma iyiphi ithangi enezinhlangothi eziphansi:
- amabhokisi enziwe ekhaya
- iziqukathi zezitolo
- amabhodlela epulasitiki atshaliwe,
- izinkomishi.
Kufanele kube nokuvuleka ezansi kwethangi ukuvimba ukungaboli kwamanzi nokubola kwembewu noma amahlumela. Esitsheni sokutshala, kubalulekile ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi, isibonelo, ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amatshe, ama-egghells noma i-sphagnum moss.
Inhlabathi yezitshalo kufanele ivunyelwe kalula emoyeni nasekwenzeni umswakama. Ingxube yomhlaba, i-peat kanye nesihlabathi esihlanganisiwe ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1: 1: 0,5 kufanelekile ukutshala.
Usuku ngaphambi kokutshala kufanele alungiselele izinto zokutshala.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwembewu akudingeki.
Imbewu ingathengwa noma iqoqwe ngesandla. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zinhlaka, kufanele wenze izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Isheke sokuqina Udinga ukuthulula amanzi afudumele endishini, uthele imbewu kuwo bese ushiya konke amahora angama-1.5. Imbewu eshone phansi ikulungele ukutshala, futhi lezo ezintanta ebusweni bamanzi "ziyizidumbu."
- Isikhubekiso Imbewu yeSalvia kufanele igoqwe nge-gauze bese ifakwa kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese imizuzu engama-20. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele bahlanzwe emanzini ahlanzekile.
- Iyaphuma. Ukukhipha umswakama ngokweqile, imbewu kufanele yomiswe ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo usuku lonke. Akunasidingo sokubeka imbewu eduzane nebhethri noma amanye amadivaysi okushisa, ukuze wome umnyombo.
Ukufakelwa
Ngemuva kokulungisa ithangi, inhlabathi nokutshala, ungaqala ukutshala imbewu ye-salvia:
- Gcwalisa isitsha ngomhlabathi ukuze 3mm ihlale phezulu kwezinhlangothi.
- Faka umhlabathi ngesandla, bese ufafaza ngamanzi usebenzisa ibhodlela lokufafaza.
- Beka imbewu ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi kude ne-2 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Kuyadingeka ukumboza imbewu ngesendlalelo semilimita.
- Mboza isitsha ngefilimu noma ngengilazi bese ubeka endaweni efudumele nenokhanyayo, isibonelo, kufasitela. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokuhluma kwembewu ngu-20-22 ° C. Ukunisela ngokweqile kufanele kugwenywe.
Ukunakekela izithombo
Amahlumela okuqala e-salvia azovela ezinsukwini eziyi-14 - 20 ngemuva kokutshala imbewu. Kusukela kule nkathi, ifilimu noma ingilazi ngeke lisadingeka. Ukuze izitshalo ungaqali ukwelula kakhulu amahlumela, kufanele wehlise izinga lokushisa ukuya ku-16-18 ° C.
Uma amahlumela aqhume ebusika, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlele ukukhanyisela okwenziwe ngezitshalo. Ukunisela kufanele kube ngokulinganiselayo ukuze ingaphezulu kuphela lomanyolo lenziwe. Lapho unisela i-salvia, kufanele ugweme ukuthola amanzi esiqwini sesitshalo.
Emavikini ambalwa ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, kuyasiza ukondla. Umanyolo onokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinto eziphilayo kanye namaminerali kufanele kukhethwe.
Kuthathwa izitshalo lapho iqabunga lesibili livela. Kuyadingeka ukuze ususe izitshalo ezibuthakathaka kakhulu, kanye nezithombo eziqinile zokuntywila ungene ezitsheni ezihlukile. Lapho ukhetha izithombo, amahlumela kufanele angcwatshwe kancane enhlabathini. Lokhu kuzoqinisa uhlelo lwezimpande.
Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga wesithathu amaqabunga, ukubhanqa kufanele kwenziwe ukuze izihlahla zesikhathi esizayo zikhuluphele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, tshala phezulu kwehlumela.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-salvia esizeni, isitshalo kumele sijwayele izimo zemvelo. Qala ukuba lukhuni kufanele kube izinsuku eziyi-15 ukuya kwezingu-20 ngaphambi kokwehla.
Okokuqala udinga ukuvula iwindi egumbini okukhona kulo izithombo, imizuzu engu-10. Ngemuva kwalokho kunconywe ukwandisa kancane isikhathi sokugeza komoya kube yingxenye yehora. Lapho kwenzeka isimo sezulu esifudumele, izithombo kudingeka zikhiphe umoya ovulekile. Ubude bokuhlala emgwaqweni nabo kufanele bukhule kancane. Izitshalo zingashiywa ngaphandle ebusuku, lapho izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lingaphezulu kuka +7 ° C.
Lapho kwenzeka isimo sezulu esifudumele esifudumele, izithombo zingahanjiswa emhlabathini ovulekile. Kwama-salvia, indawo enelanga enomhlabathi ovundile kufanele ikhethwe. Lapho utshala izithombo esizeni, udinga ukubheka izici zezitshalo ezinjalo:
- Ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kwe-salvia. Kuyadingeka ukucabanga ngokubekwa kwayo kusengaphambili ukuze isitshalo singaphazamisi nezinye izilimo. Ibanga elifanele phakathi kwezithombo lingama-30 cm.
- Ukuvumelana kokulala. Ingxenye engezansi yamahlumela ifafazwa ngomhlaba ukuze i-salvia ibanjwe iqondile.
Ukunakekelwa okuthe xaxa kufaka ukuthambisa okulinganiselayo okujwayelekile, ukhula olusefika ngesikhathi kusuka kukhula nokukhululwa kwenhlabathi, kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanyolo anzima.
Akunobunzima obuthile ekukhuleni i-salvia kusuka imbewu. Kudingeka kuphela izinto zokutshala nenhlabathi evundile, kanye nokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa okufanele. Futhi ngalesi sitshalo siyojabulisa ngezimbali eziqhakazile eziqhakazayo izinyanga eziningi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa.
