Zenzele-i-househouse: ama-nuances wokufaka ayisisekelo + izibonelo zokuhlelwa

Mhlawumbe, ngeke kube nengane eyodwa emhlabeni engafuni ukuba neyakhe indlu, etholakala emagatsheni ezihlahla. Lokhu akuyona indawo yemidlalo kuphela - kungumhlaba omncane onemithetho yawo, imithetho, amasiko. Uma kunezihlahla eziningana ezinde eziqinile kuleli khishi lasehlobo, ungaqhamuka nephrojekthi elula futhi uyenze iphile, ukujabulisa izingane, kanye nabantu abadala. Kuhlala ukuthola ukuthi ungayakha kanjani indlu yesihlahla ngezandla zakho.

Izinketho zezakhiwo ezihlahleni

Kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo zokwakha izindlu zezihlahla. Zakhiwa zombili zemidlalo yezingane ejabulisayo nobumfihlo ngencwadi ngaphansi komqhele osakazayo ekushiseni kwehlobo.

Isitayela nenhloso akukho nhlobo imikhawulo. Kungaba umbhoshongo ongenakufinyeleleka wobuhle, indawo yokufihla ikhanda efihliwe, inqaba yensimbi noma umkhathi.

Ngokwezakhiwo, konke kunesizotha kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezithandwayo, ezifakazelwe zokwenza izinhlobo zezakhiwo, lezi yilezi:

• Ukwakhiwa endaweni yesikhulumi. Amagatsha anamandla noma isiqu uqobo sisebenza njengesici esisekelayo, lapho imininingwane yaphansi ephansi ixazululwa nge-anchors yangokuzenzisa. Uma kunesidingo, ipulatifomu iqiniswa ngemishayo ye-oblique ephumule emthini.
• Indlu yohlaka ezintanjeni. Eqinisweni, lesi yisakhiwo esizimele, phansi nophahla lwayo kuphela olunqamula ngesiqu esisodwa noma ngaphezulu. Isakhiwo uqobo asinciki esihlahleni, ngakho-ke, asiphazamisi impilo nokukhula. Indlu efanayo ifakiwe kumaphayile, ubukhulu bawo bunqunywa ngokuya ngomthwalo oluzayo.
• Ipulatifomu yokulengiswa. Imiswe ukuze ikwazi ukumelana namagatsha isebenzisa izintambo, izintambo noma amaketanga. Indlela elula, kodwa engathembekile kakhulu futhi ephephile yenhlangano, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa endaweni yokudlala yezingane.

Izinhlobo zokwakha zokuqala nezesithathu zincike ngqo kumthamo wokuthwala isiqu, usayizi wamagatsha awo nohlelo lwezimpande. Ngemuva kwakho konke, umuthi kuzofanela ufeze umsebenzi wesisekelo: ukubamba ngokuqinile umthwalo hhayi kuphela wesakhiwo uqobo, kodwa futhi nezivakashi. Kukholelwa ukuthi isiqu esinobukhulu obungamasentimitha angama-30, okungcono kakhulu kunalokho, sizokwazi ukubhekana nalo msebenzi onzima.

Uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lokwakha indlu luqashelwa kufanele njenge-oki. Ukumlandela esigabeni sezihlahla ezifanele yi-beech, imephu kanye ne-spruce enkulu. Ngaphambi kokuqamba isakhiwo futhi uhlele izenzo, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela into ezosetshenziselwa izinambuzane nezifo. Uma kutholakala izimpawu ezingezinhle, umbono kuyodingeka ushiywe.

Izinhlobo ezintathu ezakhayo zokwakha izindlu zezihlahla zisetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokwakha iphrojekthi yakho yokwakha

Ukuze kwakhiwe izinhlobonhlobo ezimbili ezakhayo, kusetshenziswa umqhele kuphela wesithunzi noma umhlobiso, umthamo wesihlahla awubalulekile nakancane. Kuzaqhamuka umuntu omele izwe lomhlaba ngokuphelele, okuzoqhubeka nokufihla indlunkulu yama-scouts noma umkhumbi ongaziwa endaweni eluhlaza eluhlaza okotshani bawo. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zezinqumo eziqhwebayo, ezi-conifuric ngisho nezingadi ziyafaneleka.

Ukulungiselela umsebenzi olandelayo

Siyabona ukuthi akuzona zonke izigodi ezifuywayo eziqukethe isihlahla esifanele ukwakha indlu. Kodwa-ke, ake sithi abazali bakho abasindiswa uthando lokulima. Ukuthi uthando olungenabugovu nolwehlukanisiwe ekuthambekeni kwethu kokutshala wonke amasentimitha akuzange kubenze bakhulise into engenakuqhathaniswa.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuklama nokukhetha indlela, engcono kakhulu yokwenza indlu esihlahleni esikhula ngaphakathi kwesiza, kufanele uhlole isimo sangempela. Kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ikhona yini imithetho yendawo evimbela ukwakhiwa kwalezi zinhlaka. Kwezinye izimo, ukuze izakhiwo ezinjalo zithole izimvume.

Uma umuthi utholakala eduze nendawo eseduze, kufanele ukhulume nabanikazi bayo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukwakheka kufihle ingadi yabo abayithandayo yezimbali, konakalise ukubuka kusuka efasiteleni, noma izingane ezithandekayo kuzobangela ukukhathazeka okungadingekile kubantu asebekhulile. Kunoma yikuphi, ukwakhiwa okuzayo kufanele kuxoxwe nomakhelwane ukuze kulondolozwe ubudlelwano obunobungane.

Lapho kuklanywa indlu yezihlahla, kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi akuphephile ukuyibeka endaweni ephakeme ngaphezu kuka-2,5 m (1). Uma isiqu noma amagatsha engaba ukwesekwa okuthembekile (2), angasetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokwakhiwa kwendlu yohlobo lokuqala. Umuthi kufanele ube nohlelo lwezimpande olunamandla ngokwanele (3)

Ake sithi asinazo izithiyo ekwakheni indlu yezihlahla. Ngakho-ke, singenza ngokuphepha design ozimele, esiludinga:

• Khetha ukuphakama komhlaba okuphephe kakhulu. Kukholelwa ukuthi emidlalweni yezingane, i-Treehouse akufanele ibekwe phezulu ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.5. Uma uhlela ukufaka i-gazebo, umkhawulo wokuphakama ungahanjiswa ngo-2 - 2,5 m. Uma ngabe isakhiwo sithembele endaweni ebunjiwe yesiqu, khona-ke sinqume ukuphakama wakhe.
• Bala indawo efanelekile yaphansi noma ipulatifomu, unikezwe ukuthi ukuqagela okuvela esakhiweni esikulesihlahla kufanele kube ngokuphelele kwisiza sakho.
• Nquma ngokwakhiwa kwendlu. Nquma ukuthi kuzoba yipulatifomu enocingo oluzungeza kanye nethango, isakhiwo esifana nendlwana noma indlu encane yohlaka.
• Hlinzeka ngamathuba okuwa ngengozi. Kuyacebiswa ukuthi umhlaba ozungeze isakhiwo awunamkhawulo. Izindawo ezithintekile azifakwa ngokuphelele, indawo esondele yemigwaqo egandayiwe ayinconywa.
• Cabanga ukubuka okulula kakhulu nokuphephile kwezitebhisi ukuhambisa izivakashi zomuzi phezulu / phansi.

Uma ufisa futhi ubukhona bezidingo zangaphambi kwesakhiwo, kungaba kuhle ukuthi ucabange ngezinketho zokusebenzisa izoni ngaphansi kwesakhiwo. Akulimazi ukuhlela indawo lapho kuzogcina izitsha nezinto ezidinga ukususwa emvuleni.

Lapho udweba isakhiwo, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngezindlela zokuphepha, hlinzeka ngezindlela ezifanele zokunyakaza kanye nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise isikhala esingaphansi kwendlu

Izindlela zokwakha indlu yezihlahla

Njengomqondo wamakhosi asekhaya, sizohlaziya izindlela ezimbili ezaziwa kakhulu zokwakha indlu yezihlahla. Zingakopishwa ngokugcwele noma ngokwengxenye, noma ngokususelwa kulezi zibonelo ezingenhla, ungazakhela eyakho indlela yokwakha.

Isakhiwo sohlaka

Lolu uhlobo lwesakhiwo esinomusa kunazo zonke, olungakhelwa ngokomthetho ngokwaso eduze kwesihlahla noma ngaphandle kwalo nhlobo. Yisakhiwo sohlaka oluncane olufakwe kumqwaba. Uphahla lwakhiwa ngama-trusses ohlobo lokulengiswa, oluboshwe phezulu ngamapuleti sensimbi. Ukuhamba kuhlinzekwa ngesitebhisi esinqunyelwe esifakwe ekhoneni lika-45º.

Uhlobo olwethuliwe lwendlu aluhlali esiqwini nakwamagatsha. Ukuze bawele phansi nophahla, udinga nje ukwenza izimbobo ophahleni (+)

Ukufeza uhlaka, kusetshenziswe umugqa ongu-105 × 105 mm. Kwedivayisi yesisekelo senqwaba, usayizi wezinto ezibonakalayo bekungeke kube okuphezulu ukwanda kancane, kuvunyelwe ukunciphisa kancane ama-wall racks. Ukuze uthole i-sheathing yodonga, kungcono ukuthenga i-lining, kepha i-plywood nayo kufanelekile, kunconyelwa ukuthenga ibhodi eligxiliwe ngo-150 x 50 mm phansi, oluhlanganiswe ngo-100 × 25 mm kuma-rafter.

Ukusuka kwezinsalela zebhodi elihleliwe, ungakhela indlu yesigcawu indlu. Funda ngakho: //diz-cafe.com/postroiki/domik-dlya-belki-svoimi-rukami.html

Uma kungekho makhono ekubumbeni, khona-ke ukuxhuma izingxenye zozimele kungcono ukuthenga amakona wensimbi namapuleti. Kuyafana ngamabhokisi asemnyango nasekuvulekeni kwewindi, yize kungenziwa ngezandla zakho, uma ufisa.

Ekwakhiweni kwendlu kulula ukusebenzisa inketho evivinyiwe futhi ehlolwe kanye nobukhulu obaliwe. Ngokusekelwe kwisibonelo, ungathuthukisa iphrojekthi yakho (+)

Uphahla esibonelweni lwenziwa ngama-tile agobekayo, ngaphansi kwawo ahlela ikreyidi eliqhubekayo le-plywood noma ibhodi elibekwe ngegebe lika-3 mm. Sisadinga usimende noma usimende oxutshwe nosimende ohlanganisiwe ovela efektri onguchwepheshe ekwakhiweni kwawo, ama-anchor kanye nezithwala zokufaka okusheshayo zokubumba okusheshayo.

Izingxenye zozimele zilula ukuxhumeka ngamakona ensimbi. Enye indlela, kusetshenziselwa ukusika kwesihlahla. Lapho ukhetha inketho yesibili, kufanele icatshangelwe ekubaleni ubude bezinto (+)

Isibonelo, uhlelo lwe-asymmetric rafter lohlobo lokulengiswa. Ama-rafter at the apex abut nomunye, axhunyiwe kusetshenziswa ipuleti yensimbi enamachashazi. Indawo yokuxhumeka ephansi ngentambo yokugoqa yakhiwa yi-notch, ngaphezu kwalokho ixazululwe ngezipikili (+)

Izigaba zesisekelo sedivayisi ngaphansi kwendlu:

• Simaka isayithi ngokuya ngosayizi wendlu. Simaka amakhona wesakhiwo ngezikhonkwane, siwaxhuma nge-twine. Silinganisa i-diagonals yohlaka olubekiwe, kufanele lilingane.
• Ezindaweni lapho kufakwa khona izingqimba, sakha imigodi ngokujula okungaba ngu-50-60 cm.U ubude bezinhlangothi zemigodi bungama-cm angama-30 ukuya kwayi-40. Uma incane indawo yalo, isincane isixazululo esizoshiya, kepha lapho iba yikhona, isisekelo sokwakhiwa kwenqwaba siyokwethembana ngokwengeziwe. Ama-Recesses okuthulula usimende angenziwa ngokusebenzisa imishini yokutshala engadini.
• Sihlanganisa indawo engezansi kwemigodi, ngemuva kokuncibilikisa isihlabathi esimanzi ukuze sonyuse ubuningi. Uma phansi kuhlanganiswa nomthamo, noma isihlabathi esimanzi asidingi ukuthanjiswa.
• Dala umcamelo ngaphansi kwesisekelo senqwaba. Phansi komgodi ngamunye, uthele u-10 cm wamatshe ochotshoziwe kanye no-10 cm wesihlabathi. Siphinde sigaxe.
• Thela usimende kakhonkolo kwelinye lamakhuba kuze kube ingxenye yesikhala esisele ngemuva kokugcwalisa umcamelo.
• Setha izingcezu zensimbi yokubumba yensimbi ngeseli kuze kufike ku-25 × 25 × 2 mm ngaphezulu kokugcwaliswa. Siqinisa ngezikhonkwane noma ngocingo ngqo odongeni lomhlabathi lomgodi. Into esemqoka ukuthi igridi ayihambeli phansi, kepha ihlala cishe phakathi kokusekelwa okuhleliwe.
• Sigcwalisa ngesisombululo indawo esele emgodini.
• Ngokufanayo, sihlela izisekelo zikakhonkolo zazo zonke izinqwaba.

Ngesikhathi sokuthululelwa kwengxenye yesibili yesisombululo, sifaka i-dowel yokudonsa okungaphansi kwenqwaba. Uma ungakubeki ngaso leso sikhathi, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhiphe umgodi etsheni lukakhonkolo. Sizokhumbula ukuthi akumele kudlule imizuzu eyi-45 phakathi kokugcwalisa ingxenye yokuqala neyesibili yomgodi, ngaphandle kwalokho ukwesekwa ngeke kube yi-monolithic.

Masinyane ngemuva kokuthulula ngezinga lesakhiwo, sibheka ukuthi ingaphezulu lezinto ezisekelwayo zisekuphakameni okufanayo. Kwelinye icala, kuzodingeka ukuvumelanisa ukuthwala, futhi ngaphansi kwazo kubekwe ama-chip noma amabhodi wetiyi.

Ukuze izinsizakalo zikhule kanzima, isikhathi siyadingeka. Ngokwemithetho yokuthela izisekelo zezakhiwo zokuhlala, imisebenzi elandelayo kufanele iqalwe ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-28. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele kuvalwe nge-polyethylene, okumele ikhishwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuvuleke ukusekelwa.

Okulandelayo ukwakhiwa kohlaka:

• Sisebenzisa amabhlogo wokufakelwa, sifaka izinqwaba, ingxenye engenhla yayo edlala indima yemifino esekelayo yohlaka.
• Sakha umugqa ophansi nangaphezulu wendlu. Imininingwane yokubopha ixhunyiwe kokuthunyelwe kusetshenziswa amakhona ezinsimbi.
• Sibeka amafreyimu wewindi nawomnyango, uma ekhona kuphrojekthi.
• Simaka maphakathi ekugcineni kwendlu ukuze sizame ophahleni lwophahla. Vala mpela ujantshi kule ndawo.
• Sifaka ibhodi elilodwa ngakwesobunxele nangakwesokunene kokuphela kophahla olunemibandela, umaka kuwo umugqa we-saw top cut kanye nohlaka lwe-notch olungezansi olusetshenziselwe ukufakwa ekuhlawulweni.
• Ngokwala maphethini, sithola inombolo edingekayo yemilenze emide nefushane.
• Sixhuma ama-rafter ngepuleti yensimbi emhlabathini futhi siithuthele phezulu ngefomu eliqediwe. Ifindo eliphansi endaweni yokusika liqiniswa izinzipho noma amakhona.

Manje ifreyimu eseqediwe kufanele igcotshwe njengokuhlelwayo: lala phansi, uchele izindonga, ubeke ikhreyithi nophahla. Ngesikhathi sokugunda, khetha izimbobo zesiqu sesihlahla lapho sidlula khona phansi nophahla. Sakha imbobo enegebe elizungeza umngcele we-barrel 7-10 cm wokuhamba ngokukhululeka ngesikhathi sokukhula futhi uma kwenzeka kudonswa umoya onamandla.

Isimiso sokubopha uthango, amafreyimu wewindi kanye nama-shutter kukhonjiswa kumidwebo yobukhulu (+)

Izitebhisi ezibekwe kumaphoyinti amane kwikhaya lezintandane yiyona ndlela ephephe kunazo zonke. Kodwa-ke, kudivayisi yalolu design, ukuthulula amakhonkolo kokhonkolo kuyadingeka ukusekela amaphuzu aphansi (+)

Ukusuka ezansi ezungeze imbobo sifaka izingcezu zebhodi ukuqinisa phansi nokuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwezinto. Ekupheleni, sifaka imishini evumayo ewindini nangohlaka lomnyango, sakhe futhi silungisa isitebhisi.

Kwenziwa izimbobo phansi phansi kwendlu nophahla lwesiqu sesihlahla ukuze kube khona igebe phakathi kwesihlahla nokwakheka (+)

Ukuhlelwa kwendawo emagatsheni

Uma isiqu sinegatsha elakhiwe njengo-V, singaba isisekelo esisekelayo saphansi kwendlu. Kuliqiniso, umuthi lo kuzofanele ugayiwe, okuyinto engemnandi kangako kuye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphoyinti okubopha lawo mashe kufanele enziwe ukuze kuthi lapho isihlahla sikhululwe futhi lapho sisuka emoyeni, singalimazi isakhiwo.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale wakhe umklamo onjalo wezihlahla, kufanele uzame. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo efanelekile yemishayo yaphansi. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono ngebhodi enqunyiwe, ubude bayo buzoba bukhulu kunebanga eliphakathi kwamagatsha ngamasentimitha angama-50. Ukuze wenze kahle futhi umake uphawu ngenketho echaziwe, udinga iladi elithembekile nomsizi ofanayo.

Njengoba sesibeke ibhodi ngokuqinile, kubalulekile ukumaka amaphuzu okunamathiselwa kumagatsha nakwibhodi. Ukuze uwathole, elinye lamagatsha ebhodi kumele lifakwe ngezipikili ngokungazenzisiyo. Ukuguqula ibhodi, kususwe kancane umphetho wayo wesibili phezulu / phansi, kufanele uthole isikhundla esithe xaxa. Ukulawulwa okuvundlile kufanele kwenziwe ezingeni lokwakha, ulufake onqenqemeni lokuzama ebhodini.

Isigaba esifanelekile sibaluleke kakhulu ngoba ngokuzayo, ukulungisa okuhlanekezelwe, kuzodingeka ukuthi ushaye umgodi omusha ngokhuni, ozokwenza buthaka bobabili isiqu kanye ne ndawo yokunamathisela.

Njengasesimweni esedlule, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngezici zokuphepha kusengaphambili futhi ukhethe uhlobo oluzwakalayo lwezitebhisi zokunyakaza

Ukusika ibhodi kuzoba yisifanekiso sokudweba ibanga phakathi kwamagatsha kugongolo oluyi-100 × 150 mm, oluzohlanganiswa nesihlahla. Amagobongo ngokwemvelo amakwe maphakathi nendawo yokubeka izinto ohlangothini olubanzi. Lokhu kwakha ugongolo lomhlahlandlela waphansi. Ibanga kusuka ohlangothini oluhlukile kufanele kunqunywe indlela efanayo futhi ngendlela efanayo uzodinga ukwenza ugongolo lwesibili.

Izimbobo zokufaka izinkuni esihlahleni kufanele zibe zinde futhi ziqondaniswe ngokusobala endaweni engaphezulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusukela kumaphoyinti amakwe kokuqukethwe, beka u-5 cm ohlangothini lokunene nakwesobunxele.Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokubhoboza okungu-12 mm, izimbobo zokuqala zikhethwa emaphethelweni, bese kuthi okungaphezulu kwawo kususwe ngejigsaw. Umgodi omude uzovumela amagatsha ukuthi ahambe ngaphandle kokuchitha isakhiwo esifakwe kuwo.

Izimbobo zokufaka izinhlaka esiqwini kufanele zenziwe ngesakhiwo eselulekile ukuze kuthi lapho isihlahla siphuma emoyeni, isihlahla singalimazi isakhiwo

Okulandelayo, siqhubeka nokwakhiwa kwendlu ngokusho kwe-algorithm elandelayo:

• Sifaka imishayo yokuqondisa amagatsha ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezakhiwe, sifaka izikulufa ezingaba ngu-12 mm phakathi nendawo. Ubude bokuhlanganiswa ngu-200 mm. Kufanele kufakelwe i-washer phakathi kogongolo nesikulufa.
• Hlola ukuma kwemishayo egxilile.
• Sikhwela ngaphezulu kwabo ohlangothini oludlulayo logongolo lwesitezi esiphansi sogongolo 50 × 100 mm. Sifaka okuqala okubili okwedlulele bese kuba okuphakathi. Ibanga phakathi kwezinhlaka eziphakathi nendawo kufanele lilingane. Silungisa izikulufo zomhlahlandlela 80 mm.
• Ukusuka ekugcineni kwemishayo efakiwe edonsayo sibopha ugongolo olulinganayo.
• Ukuxhunywa kwe-Nodal kuqiniswa ngamakhona wensimbi namapuleti.
• Siqinisa isikhundla sesikhulumi ngemishayo emibili eyi-50 × 100 mm, onqenqema olungaphezulu oluqubuka ipulatifomu eyakhiwe, onqenqemeni olungaphansi lubethelwe esihlahleni. Ukufakwa endaweni kufakwa ngamakhona, esihlahleni sinezikulufa ezi-100 mm.
• Sibeka phansi ngebhodi elingu-50 × 150 mm. Sihlanganisa ibhodi eligoqiwe bese silifaka ngezicucu ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-5 kubhazeli phansi. Kuvunyelwe ukubeka ibhodi engagudliwe ngo-2 - 3 mm, isakhi ngasinye sidinga ukuqiniswa ngesikulufa noma izipikili ezimbili.
• Ngaseceleni lesiteji, sakha uthango kusuka ebhodini elifakwe ngokuqondile noma ibha enobude phakathi kwezinto ezingaba ngu-10 cm. Emakhoneni esiteji, imigoqo yezinhlangothi ezisondelene nayo isethwe eduze komunye nomunye. Ubude bezinto zokubopha bukhona okungenani ama-90 cm, ukuze ukuphakama okugcwele okuhambisana nokujaha kuphume cishe ngo-80 cm.
• Phezu kocingo, beka ibha elizokwakha ukubiyela. Ibha ifakwe ngamakona kulawa ma-balusters angavamile.

Isayithi lilungile. Ukuze ukhuphuke lapho uzodinga ileli, uhlobo lwayo olukhethiwe kususelwa ekucabangeni kwezokuphepha. Uma abanikazi bezingosi bezosingatha izingane, kungcono ukwakha inketho eqinile kusikebhe noma intambo ngokujikijela okukhona ngakunye. Uma kuzosetshenziswa ileli yokufinyelela, phansi yoxhaka lwayo kufanele kukhonjwe bese kungcwatshwa emhlabathini ukulungisa isimo.

Umklamo wangaphezulu wesiza ungahluka. Umklamo osongwe noma wokuma ngendlela yendlu noma ophahleni lwe-gable. Ukwakhiwa kwendlu yezihlahla kungaqhutshekwa nobuchwepheshe bohlaka noma ukufaka i-awning lapho, kunwebe ama-racks akhiwe emakhoneni.

Imiyalo yevidiyo yabakhi abazimele

Indlela yesabelomali sokwakha isisekelo sasehlobo esihlahleni:

Isipiliyoni sabakhi baseMelika ekwakhiweni kwezindlu zezihlahla:

Izinketho zethu ezihlongozwayo zokwakha indlu yezihlahla zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngamakhosi azimele. Ngokwakhiwa ngokwezinhlelo ezichaziwe ngeke kube nenkinga encane kakhulu. Kepha umphumela uzokwaziswa yimindeni yabantu abadala kanye nesizukulwane esisesincane.