Izifo ze-Peony: izindlela zokwelapha izifo, ukuvikela nokulawula izinambuzane

Peonies kukhona zisetshenziswa ezimangalisayo, okuthi ngesikhathi izimbali babe umhlobiso real yensimu. Izitshalo azihlaselwa izifo, kepha ukunakekelwa okungafanele kwezimbali kungadala ukukhula kwama-pathologies. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokuhlelekile izihlahla zesiko lokuhlobisa. Uma ama-peonies ehlaselwa yisifo esisodwa noma kwesinye, izindlela zokutakula kufanele zithathwe futhi namahlathi kufanele elashwe.

Izimpawu ezikhomba ukuthi isitshalo siyagula

Izifo ze-peonies zivame ukubangela ukufa kwezihlahla. Kungakho kubalulekile ukunaka izimbali ukuze uthathe izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi uma kunesifo. Ukuba khona kwezindawo ezinsundu nokubomvu emafulethini amaqabunga noma emaphethelweni wesisindo esiluhlaza kukhombisa ukunqotshwa kwama-peonies onesifo sokukhunta. Uma amafomu embozo elimhlophe engxenyeni engenhla kwamaqabunga, lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi i-perennial iye yathinteka yi-powdery hlobo.

Okuthintekile I-Binn yase-Perennial

Ukubola okungwevu, okuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo, kungabonakala ekuqaleni kwesigaba, lapho amahlumela amancane esitshalo eqala ukubuna. Kancane kancane, ukwakheka okumpunga okubonwa kunoma yisiphi isiko lesiko kuzongezwa kwezimpawu. Futhi, amabala ansundu, agxilwe ezungeze ama-peduncle esifundeni sentambo yempande, akhombisa lesi sifo. Amahlamvu ama-curly kungenzeka.

Imvamisa, izifo ezibangelwa yigciwane zithinta isitshalo ngokumelene nesizinda se:

• makhelwane nezilimo zemifino ezigulayo nezithelo;
• ukuxhumana nemishini yensimu eyahlangana nasemahlathini agulayo;
• ukuxhumana nomhlabathi ongcolile;
• ukuhlasela kwezinhlwayi.

Kungani ama-peonies aqhakaza? Imvamisa imbangela yenkinga iba kaningi ukuthambisa amanzi kwenhlabathi kanye nokwehlulwa kwezihlahla ngesifo segciwane.

Izifo eziphambili ze-peonies nezindlela zokwelashwa

Kuyafaneleka ukubheka izifo ezijwayelekile ze-peony kanye nokwelashwa kwazo, i-curl yamaqabunga nezindlela zokuxazulula inkinga.

Ukugqwala

Ukugqwala kungahlukaniswa kwezinye izifo ngenxa yezimpawu eziningi, okungukuthi ukubonakala kwama-brown, amawolintshi noma amabala amabala abomvu, aqukethe ama-mushroom spores futhi ngokushesha kungaphenduka okubomvu ngokuphelele. Amagqabi angaqala ukuqhuma ngokushesha. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane kudluliselwa ngokushesha emasimini angomakhelwane.

Ukuze ubhekane nalesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukwanda okwengeziwe kwe-spores. Kuze kube manje, nquma amahlamvu anezifo bese uwashisa. Ziphinde zifafaze izitshalo ngephesenti elilodwa leBordeaux.

Isifo sikaLemoine

Kungani ama-peonies aphela? Imvamisa imbangela iba ukugula i-Lemoine. Ochwepheshe ngeke basho igama imbangela ngqo yesifo sikaLemoine. Ukulimala kwezihlahla kukhonjiswa ngu:

• ukuchoboza izitshalo;
• ukuthuthukiswa okungaphansi kwamahlumela;
• ukuntuleka kwezimbali;
• ukuqhakaza ohlelweni lwezimpande.

Amabhasi athintekile awakwazi ukwelashwa. Kunconywa ukumba izitshalo kusuka ku-flowerbed ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze lesi sifo singabi nesikhathi sokusakazekela kwamanye amahlahla.

Ukubola okumpunga

Ukubola okumpunga kubhekwa njengokugula okuyingozi kakhulu, okuthi esikhathini esifushane ukwazi ukuphatha:

• ingxenye yesiqu;
• amapuleti eshidi;
• efihlekile.

Amahlumela amasha wephemule eligulayo aqala ukubuna kakade ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo. Kungekudala, ukuvela kwesikhunta grey kungabonakala ku-green green. Eduze kwesiqu eduze kwentamo yezimpande, amabala ansundu asakazeka ngokushesha. Kungekudala i-peony izoqala ukufa.

Izindawo ezigulayo zinqunywa ngokushesha bese zibhujiswa. Ubusika, iziqu zesitshalo kufanele zinqunywe. NgoMeyi, kutuswa ukuthi fafaza ngephesenti elilodwa le-Bordeaux fluid. Enye yezindlela zokuvimbela ukulwa nokulwa nezintuthwane ezikwazi ukubekezelela izifo. Uma i-grey rot isivele izibonakalise, kuyadingeka ukuphatha ama-peonies ngokumiswa kwe-0.6% Tiram bese kuqala unqume zonke izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo.

Powdery isikhutha on peonies

I-Powdery hlobo

I-Powdery mildew ivame ukuthinta izihlahla zabantu abadala. Ubufakazi balesi sifo ukuvela kwe-plaque emhlophe engxenyeni ephezulu yesisindo esiluhlaza. Izihlahla ezithintekile azibulawa yilesi sifo, kepha zingayeka ukuqhakaza. Ochwepheshe batusa ukufafaza okutshaliwe ngesixazululo esingu-0,5% sika-ash ash esihlanjululwe ngamanani alinganayo ngensipho yokuwasha.

Cladosporiosis

Kungani ama-peonies omile efihlekile? Lesi sifo sivame ukuvela ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Emapuletini anamaqabunga esiko lokuhlobisa, kuvela amabala ansundu, ansundu noma amnyama onsomi. Kancane kancane, amabala ahlangana abe munye omkhulu, amboze inqwaba yesisindo esake saba luhlaza. Ukhula luqala ukuguquka lube ophuzi, lube namandla bese luphuma ngokushesha. Futhi, isisindo esiluhlaza singagobhoza ibe yishubhu. Izimpawu zingavela ukuthi ama-peonies omile aqhuma. Ukwenza mnyama ingxenye yengxenye yesikhwebu nokuchithwa kwama-petals nakho kungenzeka. Ukwelashwa kwezihlahla, ukwelashwa nge-Bordeaux fluid kuyinto enhle.

Septhemba

I-Septoria ayikwazi ukuthinta kuphela amahlamvu, kodwa futhi neziqu. Izindawo ezinsundu noma ezinsundu ziyavela ezinhlangothini zombili zamaqabunga. Kancane kancane bahlangana futhi bafanane nendawo eyodwa e-brown eqhubekayo ekhanyayo ne-ash-grey tint.

Eduze kukaJulayi ezitshalweni ungathola izikhala eziningi zamakhowe, asakazeka ngokushesha esihlahleni sonke. I-Peony efihlekile yomile ngamahlamvu. Ngokuphikisana nokwangemuva kokugula, isiko lokuhlobisa alikwazi ukubekezelela iqhwa ebusika. Amakhowe ebusika kumakhasi asehlile. Ukubhekana nokugula, kufanele ukwelaphe izihlahla ngesisombululo se-Bordeaux liquid, okufanele kwenziwe ngokwemiyalo.

Izimpawu zikaSeporia

I-Phyllosticosis

Ngokuphikisana nesizinda salokhu kugula, amabala omthunzi onsundu akhiwa emapuletini amaqabunga akhiwe engxenyeni engezansi yesihlahla, lapho kwakhiwa khona umugqa onsomi onsomi. Amabala akhula ngokushesha bese eqala ukumbozwa amachashazi amnyama (mnyama) - izinhlamvu zesikhunta. Lezi zokugcina zntywiliselwa izicubu eziluhlaza. Amagqabi omile ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ama-Mushroom spores ayakwazi ubusika kumaqabunga awileyo. Isitshalo siba buthakathaka, bese inhlamvu kumakhasi amancane iqala ukuhluma futhi ithelele amakhasi.

Ukulwa nalesi sifo, kufanelekile ukubhubhisa izindawo ezithintekile futhi ufafaze izihlahla ngesisombululo se-4% se-sulfate yethusi entwasahlobo noma ehlobo.

Ukubola kwezimpande

Ukulimazeka kokubola kwezimpande kusenziwa isikhunta esinciphisa ukuqina kwezimbali. Uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo, iziqu nokusikwa kuqala ukubola. Imvamisa, umlimi uyasiqaphela lesi sifo lapho enza ukufakelwa kwesihlahla. Umswakama ophezulu uvusa ukubukeka kwe-plaque:

• i-tint emhlophe;
• grey;
• opinki.

Ukubhekana nokubola kwezimpande, kubalulekile ukususa izimpande ezithintekile ngokushesha, usike ingxenye ebolile ibe izicubu ezinempilo futhi ufafaze amaphuzu asikiwe ngenani elincane lamalahle. Futhi, i-powder yamalahle exutshwe nenani elincane le-foundationazole ilungile kakhulu ekusebenzeni indawo yokusika. Kwaphela imizuzu engama-40, uhlelo lwempande lwesihlahla ngasinye luhlungwa magciwane endaweni yokuxazulula i-foundationazole noma yethusi sulfate. Amabheshu atshalwe endaweni yezimbali entsha.

I-mosaic yeqabunga

Ukulimala kwezitshalo ngesifo segciwane kuboniswa ngokuvela kwamabala emagqabini amahlamvu. Endabeni yendwangu eyindilinga, amaqabunga ambozwe ngokushesha ngemichilo yepende eliluhlaza okotshani, eshintshana ngemivimbo eluhlaza okotshani. Amabala amancane we-necrotic angavela. Amashidi amaqabunga kaMose awalashwa. Imigwaqo ethintekayo iyambiwa bese iyashiswa.

Amahlamvu kaMose

I-Verticillus wilting

Lesi sifo sithinta izihlahla ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Amahlamvu neziqu zezihlahla eziqala ukubuna ngokushesha. Umenzeli we-causative ungena emasikweni. Ukunquma ukuthanda nokuqonda ukuthi kungani i-peony ishiya i-curl, kufanelekile ukunaka izingxenye zesiphambano amahlumela. Uma izitsha kule ndawo zimnyama, khona-ke isihlahla siyathinteka ngokufiswa. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukubhekana nalesi sifo, ngoba i-pathogen ifihleke entanjeni yezimpande futhi entwasahlobo futhi ilimaza impilo yesitshalo, ekwazi ukuqhakaza. Amabhasi athintekile ayembiwa futhi ashiswe. Indawo lapho amakhula akhula khona iphathwa nge-formalin.

Ukuvimbela Izifo zePeony

Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwezifo ezahlukahlukene ze-peonies, bambelela ezindleleni zokuvimbela:

• kubalulekile ukunisela kahle isivuno, ukukhulula inhlabathi nokwenza umanyolo;
• kutshalwa kuphela izithombo ezinempilo emhlabathini;
• nikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-peonies amelana nezifo;
• ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kokutshala kwenziwa njalo ngesizini;
• amathuluzi engadi kufanele agcinwe ehlanzekile.

Izimpawu ezikhomba ukuthi lesi sitshalo sihlaselwe yizinambuzane

Izimpawu ezilandelayo zingakhombisa ukuvela kwezinambuzane:

• Kudliwe izimbali ezifuywayo, okubonisa ubukhona bezimbali zethusi.
• Ukukhula ompofu nokuntuleka kwezimbali, ukwakheka ohlelweni lwezimpunga lapho kuhlala khona izinambuzane. I-Symbomatology enjalo ihambisana nokunqotshwa kwezihlahla ngamathambo enyongo.
• Ukudinwa kwama-buds ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza kukhombisa ukuba khona kwama-scoops esitshalweni.
• Kudliwa amacembe kanye namahlamvu, kubonisa ukuhlasela kwezintuthwane.
• Ukushona, lapho amahlamvu aqala khona ukuncipha, kuthi ukuqhakaza kudle. Ungaqiniseka ukuthi izimbali zihlaselwa ngama-thrips kanye ne-aphid.

I-Peony ishiya i-curl, kufanele ngenzeni? Isizathu esivame kakhulu ukuhlaselwa kwama-aphid kanye nokujiya esitshalweni. Kubalulekile ukufafaza izihlahla ngamalungiselelo akhethekile ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izinambuzane ezivamile kuma-peonies nezindlela zokubhekana nazo

Kuyazuzisa ukuzijwayela ngezilokazane ezivame kakhulu pion kanye nencazelo yokuthi ungazisingatha kanjani.

Kwangathi amabhungane noma ama-bronzes

Izinambuzane zidwetshwe ngemibala ephuzi yegolide. Badla ngokucophelela amapuleti amaqabunga, isiqu namahlamvu. Ukuze ulwe, kubalulekile ukwelapha izitshalo ngamalungiselelo axosha inkathazo. Kubalulekile ukuqoqa amabhungane kusuka kuzimbali ngesandla.

Kwangathi mabhungane

Ama-aphid

Ama-parasites amancane apendwe ngamathoni aluhlaza. Njengomthetho, zigxiliwe endaweni ephezulu yokudubula. Sucking ujusi kusuka izimbali, baneqhaza ekunciphiseni isiko lokuhlobisa. Ukubhekana ne-aphid, ama-peonies aphathwa nge-Actellik noma amalungiselelo e-Fitoverm.

Amathambo amade

Ukuvuvukala kwezimpande kanye nokulimala kwazo kukhombisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-nematode. Ukuze ubhekane nezinambuzane nokugwema ukusakazeka kwezinambuzane emahlathini angomakhelwane, lesi sitshalo esithintekile siyambiwa size sishiswe.

I-Hop worm

Izimpethu ezondile zidla ohlelweni lwezimpande zezitshalo, obangela ukunqamuka kokukhula okungapheli, ukubuna ngokushesha nokufa ngokushesha kwesihlahla. Ukuqeda imicu emincane, kungakuhle ukuthi kwenziwe ukucubungula kwezimbali ngesihlungo.

Ama-Thrips

Ama-thrips izinambuzane ezincane ezidwetshwe zimnyama. Okuyingozi kakhulu yizinambuzane eziphuza ama-jusi kumahlamvu ngesikhathi sokukhula. Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola ama-Thronies kuma-peonies ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane. Ukubhekana nokuhlaselwa kwezifo ezinwabu, ama-peonies aphathwa ngeKarbofos kanye ne-infusion ye-dandelion kanye ne-yarrow.

Izintuthwane

I-Peony efihlekile isiraphu kashukela. Lesi sici siheha izintuthwane, ezijabule ukujabulela lesi sitshalo. Izinambuzane aziphuzi isiphuzo kuphela, kodwa futhi zidla namahlamvu eqabunga. Baqala ukoma. Ukuze ubhekane nazo, zenza ukuphathwa kwenhlabathi eduze kwama-peonies nama-plates amaqabunga ngesiphithiphithi.

Izintuthwane zika-Peony

Ukuvimbela Izinambuzane

Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezizosiza ukugwema ukuhlaselwa kwezilokazane nokunqotshwa kwama-peonies ngezifo. Kuyadingeka ukwelapha ama-perennials ngama-fungicidal agents amahlandla amaningi, okungukuthi:

• ngesikhathi sokuhluma;
• ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa;
• ngemuva kokuqedwa kwenkathi yezimbali.

Kuyelulekwa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zohlobo:

• Maxim;
• Uketshezi lweBordeaux;
• UTopazi
• Fundazole;
• i-oxychloride yethusi.

Ama-peonies ayizitshalo ezijabulisa izimbali eziqhakazayo futhi ziningi. Kubalulekile ukunakekela isiko ngendlela efanele futhi uhlole imibhede yezimbali ngokuhlelekile, okuzokwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukubona ukubonwa kwezifo ngesikhathi esifanele. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ngokushesha zokugcina izimbali, ezithathwa njengomhlobiso wangempela wensimu.