Ukutshala izimbali zasentwasahlobo ensimini yethu yangaphambili, asicabangi ngemvelaphi yazo. Kithina, into esemqoka yindlela abasizisayo ngayo ubuhle besayithi lethu. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi okwengeziwe ngabo, ngoba kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi banakekelwa kahle. Enye yalezi zitshalo ezithathile esimweni sethu sezulu yi-titonia. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi uvelaphi, ukuthi ungamnakekela kanjani, kanye nezinkinga ongase uzihlangabezane nazo ekukhuleni.
Incazelo ye-botanical
I-Tithonia iyimmeli yomndeni wakwa-Astrov. Izihlahla ezikhanyayo zithandwa kakhulu kubalimi be-amateur, kodwa ayikazuziwa kakhulu ezindaweni zethu. Lesi sitshalo uhlobo oluthile lwe-herbaceous.
Okusabalalisa kakhulu yi-sunflower yaseMexico, igama le-botanical elihumusha njenge-titony ejikelezayo (iTithonia rotundifolia). Leli gama lifanelekile ngamahlathi ngamaqabunga omumo ojikelezayo. 
I-Tithonia inezihlahla ezinkulu ezingafinyelela kumamitha angu-2 ubude futhi ziba ngamamitha angu-1.5 ububanzi. Uhlobo oluhle lwehlathi lugcina imifino yalo kuze kube seqhwa. Umqhele ukhiwa amaqabunga amakhulu ombala ohlaza obala. Amaqabunga ahlelwe ngenye indlela emahlumela abomvu afihle ngaphansi kwemifino eluhlaza.
Amahlumela amaningi enza umqhele oyindilinga lapho izimbali zikhona khona. I-inflorescences iqhakaza hhayi kuphela phezulu kwezinyawo, kodwa futhi kuma-axils weqabunga.
Uyazi? I-sunflower yaseRussia egama layo livela ngoba ikhono le-inflorescences yesitshalo lihlale liphendukela elangeni. Lesi simo sinalo igama lesayensi le-heliotropism.
Ekubukeni, izimbali zifana ne-sunflower, yingakho lesi sitshalo ngokuvamile sibizwa ngokuthi "i-sunflower yaseMexico". Nokho, lena yodwa into ehlanganisa i-titony ne-sunflower. Amafihledi anesibindi esibheke kakhulu, futhi amacembe abe nesakhiwo esihluke ngokuphelele. 
Umbala wembali ungashintsha ophuzi ube obomvu kuye ngokuthi ezihlukahlukene. Ububanzi bayo bufinyelela ku-8 cm, yize izinhlobo ezithile ziba nezimbali, ububanzi bawo abudluli u-5 cm. Amacembe omhlanga we-titonium ahlelwe emgqeni owodwa futhi abe nomumo okhudlwana, kanti ama-tubular amancane atholakala ngokuqinile komunye nomunye.
Ukuma kwamagundane e-titony kufana nokufana ne-dahlia. Umbala wezinhlayizi ze-tubular uhlukile emhlanga futhi unomthunzi okhanyayo, okwenza imbali ibe nemibala eminingi futhi idlulele. I-peduncles ku-titonia inesakhiwo esikhulu nesisemkhulu.
Abalimi abaningi bathandana nalesi sitshalo ngenxa yefomu layo elimnandi kanye nenkathi ende yokucubungula. Izimbali zeTitonia kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba.
Kubalulekile! Umanyolo owedlulele ungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ubudlova kwamahlathi futhi unciphise inani lezinyawo.
Ukusabalalisa nokuhlala
Homeland titonia - Mexico, lapho esitshalo esingapheli khona. Ngesihlandlo sokuqala le ntombazane yayiswa ensimini yaseYurophu ngabaqashi baseSpain, bamangala ngobuhle bayo. 
Kwasakazeka eMexico, eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States ne-Central America. Kulezi zindawo, i-titonia inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-10 ezahlukene.
Ekhaya, lapho isimo sezulu esishisayo noma esezansi, imbali ibhekwa njengayo yonke indawo. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni ezihamba phambili zaseYurophu, ngokuvamile zikhula njengesitshalo sonyaka. Uma ufuna ukuwajabulela iminyaka eminingi, kufanele ukhule titony ebhodweni.
Ngakho-ke, imbali iyokujabulela iminyaka eminingana hhayi nje kuphela ngenkathi efudumele, kodwa futhi ebusika, igcwalise kahle ingaphakathi lakho. Futhi lapho kuqala izinsuku zasentwasahlobo efudumele kungadluliselwa emgodini futhi ngoMeyi ujabule iphunga layo.
Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-titonia
Le mbali inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-10, kodwa ngezikhathi zethu i-titony ine-distribution enkulu. Iningi lezinhlobonhlobo ezaziwa emhlabeni wanamuhla zakhiwa abalimi bezinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo.
Uyazi? Imbali engavamile futhi enhle ibizwa ngegama lenkosi yaseTroy - uTithon, owayeyintandokazikazi yonkulunkulukazi we-Eos.Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ze-titonia ziyi:
- "I-Lantern Red" - iyathandwa kakhulu futhi iyisihlahla sezintaba, okuphakama kwayo kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Ihlanganiswe nezimbali eziningi ezinkulu nge-trick-terracotta noma umbala okhanyayo we-orange. Ukuma kwembali kufana kakhulu ne-chamomile, kodwa kukhulu kunalokho;
- "Isibani" - leli bakala le-titonia lathola igama layo ngenxa yezimbali ezibomvu. Isihlahla sakhe sikhula amamitha angama-1 nesigamu. Uma ubheka isitshalo kusuka kude, kubonakala sengathi ivutha;
- I-Torch Ephuzi - Ngokungafani nezinhlobonhlobo zangaphambilini, isihlahla sikhuphuka ku-1.20m kuphela emhlabathini, futhi izimbali zalo ziphuzi futhi zincane;
- "Fiesta del Sol" - Igama laleli titony ekuhumusheni kusuka eSpanishi lisho "ukuhlwa kwelanga". Izihlahla azidluli 50 cm futhi zigcwele izimbali ezincane zomthunzi we-orange;
- titonia "Iliad" - isitshalo se-herbaceous esinama-branched stems, sikhula sibe mitha eli-1. Amahlamvu anefomu elinjengenhliziyo, futhi amabhasikidi e-inflorescence afana ne-non-double dahlia. Ububanzi be-inflorescence bufinyelela ku-5-6 cm. Amagundane amakhulu omhlanga anombala obomvu obomvu, futhi i-tubular - umthunzi we-orange-ophuzi. Kujabulisa iso lonke ihlobo ngemibala yalo eminingi. Ingasetshenziswa njengembali ekhulayo ehlukile noma njengokwakhiwa kweqembu;
- titonia "Odyssey" - kufana kakhulu ne-titonia "Iliad", kodwa isihlahla saso asikhuli ngaphezu kuka-70 cm.
Sebenzisa kumklamo we-landscape
Ngenxa yezimbali ezide, imibala ekhanyayo nokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa, i-titonia yayifanelekile endaweni yokuklama kwezwe. Ukuba nomfanekiso oqhakazile, uhlukanisa kahle nesitshalo sezitshalo ezinzima futhi uphuma ngokumelene nesizinda sotshani utshani noma izembozo zomhlabathi.
Ukusebenzisa, ungakwazi ukuqinisa kahle ubuhle begadi yakho yangaphambili, futhi, cishe, kuyoba ngaphezu komakhelwane bawo.
Kungenzeka kube usizo ukufunda ukuhlela kahle ingadi yangaphambili ngezandla zakho.
Ngosizo lwe-titonia, ungakwazi ukuguqula noma ukuhlobisa phansi udonga noma ucingo. Ngakho-ke abanye abalimi bafihla inqwaba yezimquba noma izitshalo. Futhi i-titonia igcwalisa i-voids endaweni yakini futhi izobukeka ingahle ngisho nasebhodini ukuhlobisa indawo yokuzilibazisa, i-veranda noma ithala.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi simbali ekwakheni isayithi ngeke kuvumele ukujabulela kuphela isitshalo esihle ngezimbali ezikhanyayo, kodwa futhi namabhotelafuthi, awakhangayo ngokubonakala kwawo. 
Uma usebenzisa i-titonia ukudala amalungiselelo embali emibhedeni yemifula, kufanele ucabangele ukuhlanganiswa kwayo nezinye izitshalo. Ibukeka kahle ngama-marigolds, i-wise, lupine, izinkuni, i-cochia ne-vervain.
Ukukhula ekhaya
Lesi sitshalo yiyona ndlela engcono kunazo zonke kwabalimi abashadile noma labo abangenaso isikhathi esiningi sokunakekela ingadi yembali. Ekunakekeleni i-titonium ngokungathobeki, kodwa kusadingeka ukukhokha ngokukhethekile izimo zokulima.
Izimo zokuboshwa
I-Titonia, evela e-tropical, eshisayo, ikakhulukazi iyayithanda ilanga. Okukhangayo kunazo zonke izimbali ezikhula endaweni egcwele ukukhanya kwelanga, futhi ngisho nokushisa okunamandla ngeke kuphazamise ukukhula kwalesi sitshalo. Ngokuqondene nalesi sici, kufanelekile ukutshala isihloko esibukweni sembali esibheke kahle ilanga.
Kanye ne-titonia, izitshalo ezinothando zelanga zihlanganisa: i-verbascum, i-veronica, i-gaillardia, i-carnation ne-delphinium, lapho inani elikhulu elanga lidala izimo ezinhle zokukhula.
I-sunflower yaseMexico ayithandi i-drafts, ngakho-ke akufanele uyitshale kusayithi lapho umoya uhamba ngokukhululekile. Kungcono ukuthola indawo eduze nodonga noma uthango, khona-ke luzokhula ngaphandle kokwesaba ukwakhiwa, kuyilapho kukujabulisa ngezimbali zalo ezinhle. 
Ngokuvamile, i-titonia ibizwa ngokuthi imbali kubantu abavilaphayo, njengoba kudinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Noma kunjalo, imbali ayibekezeli isimo sezulu esibanda futhi sezulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ikhula kancane futhi ingahle ingaqhakaze nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukutshala kufanele ucabangele isici esinjalo.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Ukuze imbali njalo futhi ijabule kakhulu nezimbali zayo ezihlukahlukene, kufanele ukhokhe ngokukhethekile emhlabathini. Konke okungcono kunomsoco ofanelekayo wenhlabathi ekhungathekile, okuzoba nomsele omuhle.
Kodwa-ke, uma utshala i-titony ezweni eliyinyumba, ungakhula isitshalo esinobuhle nesimnandi ngokudla njalo. Kulesi simo, kufanele wenze iminerali eyinkimbinkimbi noma umquba ophilayo njalo ngemva kwamasonto amathathu.
Ukuze ucebise inhlabathi futhi ukondle izitshalo, sebenzisa umquba ophilayo: utshani, amajuba ama-droppings, ama-droppings ase-flrex granulated, i-bone meal, i-fish meal, i-whey, i-potato ikhasi, umquba, ama-eggshell, umanyolo we-banana kanye nokuthuza ugwayi.
Uma amahlamvu okuqala evela, kubalulekile ukutshala inhlabathi eduze kwe-titony nge-mullein. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma emhlabathini kungcono ukwengeza umlotha. Kuphinde kuphinde kusetshenziswe umanyolo ngesikhathi sokuvuna okusebenzayo. Ngenxa yalokhu kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo obunzima we-mineral noma i-mullein. 
Kungcono ukumboza inhlabathi ezungeze i-shrub ngendwangu yesikhwama semifino ehlanganisa utshani, i-humus noma umquba. Ngakho-ke, umswakama uzokhuphuka kancane kancane, futhi isitshalo siyothola ukudla okungeziwe.
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Njenganoma yisiphi isimo sezulu esishisayo, i-titonia ibekezelela izikhathi ezincane zesomiso kahle. Futhi ukuphuza kungcono ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuyinto encane. Kodwa lesi sitshalo asisetshenziswanga, siholela ekuqhumeni kwamanzi kanye nokubola kwesimiso kanye nokufa okuqhubekayo.
Zijwayeze ngezinzuzo zokusebenzisa ukuchelela kokunisela, futhi ufunde indlela yokuhlela uhlelo lokunisela ukuchelela e-dacha.
Imbali ye-humid emoyeni iyadlulisela kabi kakhulu, kodwa ingahlushwa ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka ku-spray. Lokhu kuzokwehlisa uthuli emaqabunga futhi kuzoba ukuvimbela okuhle kwama-aphid. Futhi ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwefihlekile kanye nezimbali, ungasifaka isixazululo se-amaminerali, esizosithinta kakhulu ubukhulu be-inflorescences nombala wabo. 
Ukuzala
I-Tithonia iphindaphindiwe ngosizo lwembewu, lapho izithombo zikhula khona kuqala, futhi lapho zikhula, ungayitshala endaweni evulekile. Ekupheleni kuka-Mashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, qala ukuhlwanyela imbewu embizeni yenhlabathi evundile. Imbewu inomumo ohlangene, usayizi omkhulu (cishe u-1 cm) kanye nombuso onzima. Lapho ukufika phakathi kwabo kugcina ibanga lika-10-15 cm.
Imbewu iyajula kancane emhlabathini, futhi ungqimba oluncane lomhlaba lusetshenziswa phezulu. I-tray enezithombo zifaka efasiteleni elikhanyayo, lapho ungagcina khona izinga lokushisa emoyeni ngo-18 degrees. Izithombo ziphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, ngenkathi zingavumeli umhlaba ume.
Kubalulekile! Uma uhlunga imbewu emanzini amanzi ngezinsuku ezingu-3-4, i-titonium ikhula kangcono futhi isheshe.
Izithombo zihluma ngokulinganayo, futhi emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amaningana, zingatshalwa zibe izimbiza ezihlukene. Ukufakelwa okunjalo kuzokuvumela ukuvumelanisa isiqu ngokunciphisa kancane kancane ekushiseni. Kungcono ukuyihlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokubuthwa, okungukuthi ekupheleni kukaMeyi. 
Uma utshala i-titonia, uma iyingxenye yokwakheka noma ukuhlobisa kwendonga, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga elingama-50 cm noma ngaphezulu phakathi kwezithombo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuzokhula futhi kusebenze yonke isikhala samahhala. Umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala kumele ukhululeke futhi ukhuliswe ngomquba, futhi ungakhohlwa ngomfula.
Uhlobo lokushisa
Lelimbali lithanda ukufudumala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nesimo sezulu esishisayo, ngakho izinga lokushisa kufanele libe phezulu ngokwanele. Ngakho-ke, indawo enhle ye-titonia izoba ilanga.
Ekhaya endaweni yesimo sezulu esishisayo nesesenyakatho, ingahlala ihlala ebusika ngokuphepha. Nokho, ezindaweni zethu, iqhwa lasebusika lingaba yingozi. Kule ndaba, lesi sitshalo ngokuvamile sonyaka owodwa. Ezindaweni lapho ubusika bufudumele khona futhi kungekho-frost eqinile, i-titonia ingaba ngaphezu kwe-overwinter, kanti ayihlanganiswa isikhathi sasebusika.
Ngaphandle kwe-titonia, izitshalo ezingamelana nesithwathwa nazo: i-lilac, i-white deren, i-barberry, i-mountain ash, i-viburnum ne-cherry yasendle.
Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni
Ukuze i-titonium ingazihlwanyeli yona, kubalulekile ukusika ama-inflorescences asevele aphelile. Izinto zokuvuna zokutshala ziqala ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba. Ngalesi sikhathi, unqume ngokucophelela amakhanda efihlekile ukuze ungahlakazeli imbewu. 
Amabhokisi anezimbewu ezibekwe endaweni ephepheni futhi abanike ithuba lokuma. Imbewu ephihliwe iqoqwe emaphoyiseni we-rag noma imvilophu yephepha, ngakho-ke igcinwe kuze kufike entwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! Indawo engcono kakhulu yokuzalisa izithombo ezincane ze-titonia yi-greenhouse noma i-greenhouse, njengoba zingakwazi ukudala izimo ezifanele zokuhluma izithombo ezincane nezithekile.
I-Titonia ayidingi i-garter. Nokho, uma ikhula njengembali eyodwa, kungcono ukuyibopha. Lokhu kuzovikela isitshalo kusuka ku-brittle stem. 
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
I-Tithonia inezifo ezikhungathekile ezifweni ezihlukahlukene nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Noma kunjalo, kungase kuthinteke kabi ezinye izinambuzane. Isibonelo, esimweni sezulu esimanzi, sihlaselwa yi-slugs edla imifino enhle.
Enye ingozi ye-titony yi-aphid, okuyilapho ihlehlisa ngemuva kweqabunga, kancane kancane ithola yonke imifino ebalulekile esitshalweni. Ukuqeda omakhelwane abangafuneki kuyosiza u-decoction, ohlanganisa ugarliki, umhlonyane, i-pepper, ugwayi, izinaliti zephayini kanye anyanisi. Izixazululo ezikhethekile zingasetshenziswa futhi, kubandakanya insipho. 
Umswakama owedlulele unomthelela ekubunjweni kokubola, okungahlasela ama-inflorescences. Uma kutholakala noma yikuphi izimbali ezithelelekile noma amaqabunga, kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha. Uma kungenjalo, lesi sifo sizokhula ngokushesha futhi siholele ekufeni kwesitshalo.
I-Tinonia yisitshalo esingakwazi ukuhlobisa isakhiwo noma yikuphi, futhi ngisho nomlimi we-novice angakhula. Futhi ngosizo lwazo ungakha igodi noma uhlobisa isandiso esingenangqondo.
I-Tithonia ngeke ikujabulise nje kuphela ngezinamba eziningi zezimbali, kodwa futhi ngezimvemvane ezinhle, ezithinta. I-sunflower yaseMexico iphenduka isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu emakhaleni ethu, futhi kufanelekile, ngoba ingenakuzithoba.
