I-Orchid iyisitshalo esingajwayelekile esidume ngokuthandwa ngabathandi bezimbali zasendlini. Ngokuphula ukunakekelwa, isitshalo siphulukana nokukhanga ngaso leso sikhathi. Kuvela izimbali zemibala ehlukahlukene emaqabungeni e-orchid. Ukuxazulula inkinga, kufanele wazi izimbangela zamabala nezinyathelo zokulwa nazo.
Izimbangela eziphambili zamabala emaqabunga
Kwi-orchid, amabala emaqabungeni kuwuphawu lokuthi lesi sitshalo singenwe yizinto eziphilayo. Ukungena kokutheleleka kwenzeka ngezindlela ezihlukile:
- Mhlawumbe lesi sitshalo asizange sitshalwe isikhathi eside, lesi sigaxa sangaphansi sasenziwe izigwaca futhi sahlanganiswa. Izimpande ze-Orchid ziyantula umoya-mpilo, ngakho-ke isitshalo sesibuthakathaka.
- Akukho khipha amanzi phansi kwephakethe lezimbali, umswakama owenqwabelanayo uqongelela, ukugcwala ngokweqile kwenzeka. Izimpande ziba manzi, zibole, bese kuvela izindawo ezimnyama emaqabungeni. Kuyadingeka ukufaka lesi sibonelo, njengoba sasesisuse zonke izingxenye ezinegciwane ngaphambilini.
- Ukomela komoya ngokweqile kungadala futhi ukutheleleka ngefungus.
Yini i-orchid
- I-Orchid iyakuthanda ukukhanya, kepha ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kungadala ukushiswa kweqabunga emaqabungeni. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuphinda uhlele i-flowerpot kwenye indawo.
- Ubuhle obuyingqayizivele budinga isikhala esiningi samahhala. Uma izimbali zisondele kakhulu, imbali ayinawo umoya. Awukwazi ukubeka isitshalo eduze kwewindi elivulekile - okusalungiswa kuyaphulwa.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi kaningi ukondla imbali. Inani elikhulu lomquba ngeke lilethe izinzuzo, kepha lilimaze.
Uma uqonda kahle ukuthi yini edale ukuthi lesi sitshalo sithambe, ungabikezela isikhathi sokubuyiselwa nokuqalwa kabusha kwezimbali.
Isifo se-Orchid
Izinhlobo zezikhumba
Abalimi abanolwazi baxwayisa ngokuthi amabala avela emaqabungeni e-orchid kuwuphawu lokuqala lokuthi imbali iyagula. Uma ubheka amasiko athintekile, ungabona ukuthi amabala eza ngemibala ehlukene.
Amabala ansundu
Amabala ansundu noma ansundu kumaqabunga angaba owomile, amanzi, anamafutha. Izindawo ezomile zibonisa umswakama ophezulu egumbini lapho kukhula khona i-orchid. Inqubo yokusabalalisa amabala amnyama iyashesha: ukuvela okungaphezulu kokunye, okungasuswa kuphela ngokususa izingcezwana zesitshalo ezonakele.
Amabala amnyama
Kwi-orchid, amachashazi amnyama emaqabungeni angakhombisa esinye sezifo ezimbili: i-chlorosis noma ukulimala sekwephuzile. Ngokulimaza sekwephuzile, amaqabunga ashintsha umbala kabili. Okokuqala baphenduka onsomi bese kuba mnyama. Lesi sifo senzeka ngenxa yokunyuka komswakama. Nge-chlorosis, amaqabunga amnyama enza ama-tubules bese ewa. Uma ungaphenduli ekushintsheni kombala kwamaqabunga, lesi sifo sizothuthuka, futhi isitshalo sizofa.
Amabala aphuzi
Amabala aphuzi kumaqabunga e-orchid angaba wesimo esehlukile. Amachashazi amancane ayashiswa yilanga. Ngokusobala, ipaki lensimbi lalikhanya ngqo elangeni. Amabala azonyamalala uma isitsha esinezimbali sakhiwe kabusha endaweni epholile. Uma amabala aphuzi emincane, lokhu kuyinkomba yokuthi ukutheleleka fungal kuxazulile ku-orchid.
Kubalulekile! Izindawo ezi-yellow bulging nazo ziyingozi. Kancane kancane bakhula futhi bacindezele ngamaqabunga.
Kukhona amabala aphuzi ku-orchid
Ezinye izindawo ezingenzeka
Izikhala emaqabungeni ama-orchid akagcini ngokuba ophuzi, omnyama noma onsundu, kodwa neminye imibala.
Amabala amhlophe emaqabungeni e-orchid akhombisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sesixazulule amabhakithiliya abangela isifo esibizwa nge-powdery hlobo. Isakazeka isuka phansi iye phezulu: ngemuva kwamaqabunga, iziqu zimbozwe ngamabala, izimpande zithinteka okokugcina.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuvela amabala aqhakazile abomvu emaqabungeni. Kungaba uphawu lwezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Le yindlela evuthayo ephuma emisebeni yelanga egqamile. Kwesinye isikhathi amabala akhanyayo ayisibonakaliso sokugula, ngokwesibonelo, i-anthracnose noma ukubola okungu brown. Uma isinambuzane singena kwisibazi noma esibayeni sesicabucabu, imbali nayo ingambozwa ngezindawo ezifanayo.
Nakani! Uma ibala livela ngokuzumayo emaphepheni eqabunga lesitshalo (noma ngabe ukuphi, ngenhla noma ngaphansi), udinga ngokushesha ukuqala ukwelapha imbali. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amalungiselelo amakhemikhali noma ezinye izindlela.
Udinga ukwelashwa
Izimbangela ze-Stain
Ukufafaza ngamaqabunga esitshalo kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane noma isikhunta ziyavela. Kwesinye isikhathi isizathu kungaba ukushisa komoya okuphansi endaweni lapho imbiza yezimbali itholakala khona. Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani amabala avela emaqabungeni, kufanele wazi ukuthi yiziphi izifo ze-orchid.
Ukubuka amabacteria
Izikhala zesimo sebhaktheriya zingaba ngemithunzi ehlukene ngokuya nge-ejenti ebangela lesi sifo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali:
- Uma kukhona amabala amnyama ku-orchid emaqabunga, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sithintwa amagciwane e-genus Bacillus. Ekuqaleni, umbala wezindawo uphuzi noma umhlophe, bese iba mnyama ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Uma amabala emanzi, nsundu, ukubukeka kwawo kubangelwa amagciwane e-genus Pseudomonas, Erwinia noma Burkholderia gladioli.
Ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa aphansi
Ubuhle baseningizimu buyabukeka kakhulu, futhi abubekezeleli amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-28 ° C. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokukhula kwalo ngu-20-25 ° C. Isitshalo singakhula ngo-15 ° C, kepha bese kuba sengozini yokutheleleka.
Ngokushisa komoya okuphansi kanye nomswakama ophakeme, amabala emaqabungeni ezimbali avela ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwa ukubola kwamagciwane ansundu. Ekuqaleni banamanzi, bese kuba mnyama futhi bakhule.
Izifo ezingamagciwane we-Orchid
Kwesinye isikhathi le mbali, njengomuntu, itheleleka ngegciwane. Igciwane lingaba esiqwini noma lishiye isikhathi eside, futhi lingazivezi nganoma iyiphi indlela. Lapho nje izimo zokuphila zesitshalo ziba zimbi kakhulu (ushintsho lokushisa, umswakama, ukuthuthela endaweni entsha), leli gciwane liyasebenza, liqala ukuphindeka ngamandla futhi lithinte izimbali eziseduze.
Nakani! Ama-orchid atheleleke ngegciwane awalapheki. Kufanele ilahlwe, ngaphandle kwalokho lesi sifo sizothinta zonke izitshalo zasendlini.
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngegciwane, izimbali zasendlini zidinga ukwelashwa ngezikhathi ezithile nge-fungicides.
Izifo zokukhunta
Lezi zifo zibandakanya i-anthracnose (i-powdery hlobo. Ungayihlukanisa ngokufaka imibala ethambile ngombala omhlophe kumaqabunga esitshalo. Lapho-ke ziyoma bese ziyawa. Izimbangela zokuqala kwalesi sifo ziyanda umswakama kanye nokushisa komoya okuphezulu.
Uhlelo lokuthuthukisa i-anthracnose:
- amabala amnyama avela emaqabungeni;
- ayakhula futhi amboze lonke iqabunga;
- kuyavela.
Kubalulekile! Lapho unisela i-orchid, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi amanzi awangeni kuma-axils amaqabunga.
Ungayigcina kanjani i-orchid uma kukhona amabala kuyo
Izilokazane ze-Orchid
Ngenxa yezinambuzane eziyingozi, akubonakali kuphela amabala ku-orchid, kodwa nangokunamathela okuqinile emaqabungeni. Imvamisa izinambuzane zisebenza njengabahambisa izifo ezithathelwanayo. Izinambuzane zezimbali zifaka: amabala, umkhuhlane kanye nezimpethu, ama-aphid, imhlophe kanye nomiyane omiyane.
Isihlangu
Lesi sinambuzane sihlala esiqwini sezimbali noma ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, ngenxa yokuthi yisiphi amashubhu akha kuwo. Ngakho-ke inkathazo ivikela amaqanda ayo, okuvela kuwo abantu abasha bese bahluma kuso sonke isitshalo. Ama-parasites amunca ujusi, amboze iqabunga ngentambo enamathela. Le yimvelo enhle ukubonakala kwesikhunta soot, esivimba ama-pores ezicutshini zezimbali. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo sizizwa sishoda komoya-mpilo.
Ungagcina i-orchid uma usula wonke amabhulebhu futhi uliphathe nge-ejenti yokubulala izinambuzane enomphumela wesisu. Lapho isetshenziswa, lesi sitshalo sidonsa ubuthi bese iba yingozi ngokwayo. Isikali, ujusi oncelayo, unobuthi futhi uyafa. Ama- “plaque” omisiwe asuswa ngesixubho samazinyo, bese senziwa kabusha.
Kwi-orchid
Izinhliziyo
Uma ama-mealybugs amancane esezinze ku-orchid, kunzima kakhulu ukuzisusa. Microscopically, izimuncagazi zifihla efihlekile, ziphindaphindeka izibungu. Isibungu sifaka izibungu ngentambo, sinamathisele isitshalo ukuze abantu ababanjiweyo bakwazi ukondla. Izinambuzane zabantu abadala kanye nezibungu zincela ijusi lembali. Amabala amancane ahlala emaqabungeni. Isitshalo esibuthakathaka silahlekelwa amandla aso okumelana nezifo. Ungabhubhisa inkathazo nge-ejenti ebulala izinambuzane engena emgudwini wamathumbu wesibeletho.
Kunzima ukwelapha isitshalo uma isibungu sesihlalile ezimpandeni. Isibungu sezimpande siyefana ne-mealy, kepha sincane ngosayizi. Akunakwenzeka ukubona inkathazo engaphansi kwengqimba yenhlabathi, kepha ukuba khona kwayo kungahlulelwa ngamaqabunga awele phansi, amabala aphuzi kuwo kanye nokuncipha kancane kancane kwamapuleti ngenxa yokuntuleka komsoco.
Kubalulekile! Ngenhloso yokuvimbela, isibulala-zinambuzane esomile singathululelwa ebhodweni. Ngesikhathi yokunisela, izoncibilika futhi ifike ezimpandeni ngamanzi.
Ama-aphid
Uma amabala anamathela ezimbali avela kuma-orchid, lokhu kuwuphawu lomonakalo we-aphid. Isinambuzane siphindaphindeka ngokushesha okukhulu, sidla ekutholeni kweseli, ngakho-ke amaqabunga onakele ayanamathela. Kamuva, ukhunta luvela kubo. Izilokazane eziluhlaza eziluhlaza zihlangana namahlamvu, ngakho-ke ekuqaleni zingase zinganakile. Lapho amaqabunga eqala ukugoqa kulesi sitshalo, udinga ukukhalisa i-alamu. Yilwa nezinambuzane ngosizo lwezinambuzane ezinamakhemikhali, imikhiqizo yemvelo noma amakhambi abantu.
I-Pest Entsha - Ama-aphid
I-Whitefly
Ukuvela kwamabala amhlophe emaqabungeni nasezigxotsheni kukhombisa ukubonakala kwamhlophefiyane, isinambuzane esifana nenundu. Lesi sinambuzane siyingozi kakhulu, ngoba simunca ujusi kwizicubu zama-orchid. Uma uvemvane lundizela eduze kwembali, kuyadingeka ukuyidlulisela endaweni epholile, ifafaze ngetyhefu bese uyisonga esikhwameni ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa.
Omiyane omiyane
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, omiyane bama-amakhowe (ama-sciarid) bangavela ezihlotsheni zezimbali. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi entwasahlobo, lapho kungekho ukushisa okwanele kosuku, inhlabathi ayomile kahle, iba mnyama egumbini. Ukuqothula omiyane, kuyadingeka ukomisa inhlabathi noma ukubuyiselele okusha bese ugcwalisa ngesihlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukwelapha inhlabathi ngesibulala-zinambuzane.
Ukuvimbela isifo esivikelekile
Orchid ubuhle. Kungcono ukuyinaka nsuku zonke (landela imithetho yokunakekelwa, ukuthambisa, ukondla) kunokuyiphatha izifo. Izindlela zokuvimbela kuzosiza ukugcina imbali iphilile:
- Ukuhambisana nohlelo lokuncelisa. Udinga ukuthenga umanyolo okhethekile, kokupakishwa lapho kukhona inothi "Ngama-orchid." Awungeke usebenzise imanyolo yendawo yonke yezitshalo zasendlini, ngoba ine-nitrogen eningi, engakulungele umndeni we-orchid.
- Ukunisela ngokulinganisela. I-orchid iyi-hygroscopic, kepha ayikubekezeleli umswakama ngokweqile. Kufanele iniswe kuphela lapho inhlabathi isomile ngokuphelele (kulokhu, imbiza yezimbali iba ukukhanya). Kulesi simo, izimpande zimhlophe. Indawo yokufaka izimbali enesitshalo ibekwa esitsheni esibanzi, ichithekile ngamanzi bese isishiyelwa imizuzu engama-30 ukuze izimpande zigcwele umswakama. Ngokunisela kufanele uthathe amanzi afudumele anokuqukethwe okusawoti okuncane.
- Ukuphapha ngesikhathi kwekamelo. Isitshalo sidinga ukusakazwa komoya okuhle, kepha akubekezeleli okubhaliwe.
- Ukukhanya okwanele. I-Orchid isitshalo esibonisa isithombe esidinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe ebusika.
- Ukufakelwa njalo. Udinga ukwenza lokhu njalo eminyakeni emibili entwasahlobo. Njengomhlabathi, inhlabathi ekhethekile yama-orchid iyafaneleka.
Isikhathi sokufaka imbali
I-Orchid isitshalo esingathokozisa ubuhle baso iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi nambili. Ukuvimbela amabala imibala ehlukene avele emaqabungeni, kufanele ulandele imithetho yokunakekelwa (ukuthambisa, izinga lokushisa, ukukhanyisa) nokuvikela imbali ezinambuzaneni.
