Ukutshala i-currant: kungcono kanjani futhi nini

Mhlawumbe, alikho icebo elilodwa lengadi eliphelele ngaphandle kwama-currants. Leli berry elimnandi nelinempilo lithandwa kakhulu. Ama-currant bush ahlotshiswe ngamaqoqo anemibala ehlukahlukene: omhlophe, obomvu, opinki, omnyama. Futhi yeka itiye elimnandi kangakanani ngeqabunga le-currant! Ukuze ukhule izihlahla ezikhiqizayo, udinga ukuzitshala ngendlela efanele.

Ukukhetha izithombo

Izinto zokutshala zithengwa kangcono ezindaweni zokugcina izingane, lapho izitshalo zilawulwa ngokuqinile. Lapho uthenga izithombo, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela izimpande. Okukhulu kunabo bonke esilinganisweni samabili noma amathathu kufanele kube nsundu ngombala kanye nobude obungu-15- 20 cm. Ngaphezu kwabo, kufanele kube nezimpande ezicijile, mhlophe ngokwesigaba.

Umbala onsundu onsundu uwuphawu lwesifo sohlelo lwempande.

Kuyadingeka ukuhlola inhlama yobumba, ngisho nokuyikhipha embizeni. Uma izimpande ziboshwe ngezimpande, lesi yisibonakaliso esihle.

Uhlelo lwezimpande lwesithombo oluyimpilo kufanele luthuthukiswe, lufushane, ngaphandle kokubumba

Ungathathi izitshalo ezinezithombo ezingavuthiwe ezivuthiwe - zingabanda iqhwa ebusika. Ukudubula okusezingeni kuyinto nsundu ngokuphelele, inamaqabunga namahlumela ngaphandle kwamabala nezimpawu zokufiphala.

Lapho uthenga izithombo emakethe, udinga ukunaka ukwakheka nosayizi wamahlumela: ukuba khona kokujikeleza nokuvuvukala kukhombisa ukunqotshwa kwesitshalo ngohlobo lwezinso. Amahlamvu agulayo kudingeka asikwe futhi ashiswe.

Isikhathi sokutshala i-currant

Lapho itshalwe ekwindla, i-currant ivumelana kahle futhi iqala ukukhula ngokushesha entwasahlobo. Ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, uSepthemba kubhekwa njengenyanga engcono kakhulu yokutshala; ezifundeni eziseningizimu, ngo-Okthoba. Isitshalo siqala kahle emavikini amabili. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama futhi uvikele izimpande ekuqandeni, mulch enhlabathini ezungeze izithombo ngezinto zemvelo:

• amahlamvu;
• umquba;
• umquba obolile

Entwasahlobo, kunzima ukukhetha umzuzu omuhle, ngoba ukuqhakaza kuqala ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kwe-currant futhi kudingeka kutyalwe ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi. Emadolobheni amancane, isikhathi esifanele ukuqala kukaMeyi. Ngokutshala kamuva, izitshalo ngeke zikhule kahle bese zishiya ngemuva ekukhuleni.

Kungcono ukuzulazula hhayi ngezinsuku zekhalenda, kepha ngesimo sezinso. Kufanele zikwazi ukuvuvukala, kepha hhayi ukuvulwa ngesikhathi sokufika.

Ezifundeni ezinobusika obuneqhwa, ama-currant atshalwa kangcono entwasahlobo.

Ukukhetha isiza nezici zokubamba

Njengezitshalo eziningi, ama-currants athanda izindawo ezikhanyiswe kahle. Endaweni ene-shaded, shrub izokhula, kepha iziqu zizelule futhi isivuno sizokwehla. Emthunzini, i-berry ithinteka kakhulu ezifweni fungal.

Ngaphezu kokukhanya okuhle, ama-currant afuna umswakama ophezulu womhlabathi. Izinhlabathi ezi-Loamy ezine-drainage enhle zilungele wona.

Ama-currants akhula kahle ezindaweni ezinelanga eline umswakama owanele.

Iphethini yokufakelwa

Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo ezilandelini kufanele okungenani libe yi-1 m, futhi phakathi kwezintambo zishiya kufika ku-2 m. Le iphethini ejwayelekile yokufika. Ukusuka berry kuya ezihlahleni zezithelo - okungenani 2,5 m.

Lapho ukhetha ubukhulu bokufakwa, kuyadingeka ukubheka uhlobo lomqhele wezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe nezinye izinto. Uma izihlahla kufanele zisetshenziswe kungabi ngaphezu kweminyaka emibili, ungaqinisa isikimu sokutshala, unciphise ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ukuya ku-70 cm.

Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi nokutshala izithombo

Izinsuku ezingama-20-30 ngaphambi kokutshala, lungisa inhlabathi. Indawo ihlanza ukhula futhi imbiwa ijule ngo-22-25 cm ngokufakwa kukamanyolo. Ngomhlaka 1 m² nikela:

• 3-4 kg we-humus noma umquba;
• I-100-150 g ye-superphosphate ephindwe kabili;
• 20-30 g we-potassium sulfate;
• 0.3-0.5 kg kamoyela ngemitha ngayinye² (uma inhlabathi ine-acidic).

Inqubo yokufika ifaka okulandelayo:

1. Bumba umgodi noma umsele obukhulu obungama-35-40 cm nobubanzi obuyi-50-60 cm, ugoqa ngokwahlukana ungqimba lomhlabathi ovundile ongaphezulu.
   

   Ngenqubo yokumba umgodi wokutshala, udinga ukubeka eceleni ungqimba lomhlabathi ovundile ongaphezulu

2. Yenza ingxube yezakhi:
   • ibhakede le-humus;
   • 2 tbsp. wezipuni ze-superphosphate;
   • 2 tbsp. wezipuni kasawoti we-potassium noma izinkomishi ezi-2 zomlotha wokhuni;
   • inhlabathi evundile.
3. Gwalisela umgodi 2/3, wakhe inhlabathi ngesigaxa.
4. Faka isithombo emgodini ngokujula kwentamo yezimpande engu-5-7 cm kanye nesithambeka esilinganisweni sama-degree angama-45. Izinso ezimbalwa kufanele zihlale ngaphansi komhlaba ngemuva kokugcwaliswa kabusha.
   

   Ukufika kwe-Oblique kuvuselela ukubukeka kwezimpande ezengeziwe kanye namahlumela kusuka ezinso ezingxenyeni ezingcwatshwe kuso isiqu nentambo yomsuka

5. Mboza isithombo ngomhlaba, usakaze izimpande ngokucophelela endulini yobumba uthele amanzi.
6. Ukuhlanganisa inhlabathi ezungeze izithombo futhi lapho futhi kulungile ukuthulula ibhakede lamanzi.
7. Mulch inhlabathi ezungeze yisithombo.
8. Masinyane nje ngemuva kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukunquma amahlumela asezindizeni, kungashiwa ama-buds amabili kulawo nalowo ukuze isithombo siqale kahle futhi sinikeze amagatsha amasha akhiqizayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvela isihlahla esinempilo esinamahlumela amaningi amasha.

Ividiyo: indlela yokukhetha nokutshala ama-currants

Izindlela zokukhulisa amandla

Ngokuncipha kwesivuno sokutshala amajikijolo, kufanele kuvuselelwe. Kunezindlela eziningana zokukhiqiza kabusha:

• ukusika;
• ukuhlelwa;
• ukwahlukanisa isihlahla.

Izimbumbulu

Indlela ethandwayo yokusakazwa kwama-currants ukusikwa ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka kutholakale inani elikhulu lokutshala.

Lapho ukutshala kwentwasahlobo, kufanele:

1. Sika amahlumela wonyaka ngebanga okungenani lepensela ejwayelekile (cishe ama-5-6 mm).
2. Sika kusukela engxenyeni ephakathi yokusikeka ngobude be-15-20 cm kude ne-1 cm ukusuka ezinsweni ezingaphezulu nezingaphansi. Ukusika okuphezulu kwenziwa ngqo, kanti okungaphansi kungumdwebo. I-shank kufanele ibe nezinso okungenani ezingama-4-5.
3. Bamba umbhede wokutshala ube ngu 20 cm cm.
4. Ukwenza umugqa ngisho, faka izikhonkwane bese udonsa intambo phezu kwazo.
5. Namathela okusikiwe emhlabeni okule ngokuthambeka okungama-degree angama-45 ngemuva kuka-15 cm, ushiye ama-buds ama-2 ngaphezulu, bese ujulisa ukuphumula.
   

   Izithombo ezisikiwe ubude obungu-15-20 cm zitshalwa ekhoneni ka-45 degrees endaweni eyi-15 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye

6. Beka i-agrofilm emugqeni ukugcina ubushushu nomswakama, ukuvikela ukukhula kokhula.
7. Tshala umugqa olandelayo kude kwe-40 cm.
8. Lapho inhlabathi ifudumala kahle, susa ifilimu.

Ividiyo: ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kwama-currants nge-cutways

Lapho uvuna ukusika ekwindla okudingayo:

1. Zihlikihle emanzini ngesiphetho esingezansi bese uzifaka isonto lonke endaweni yokushisa yama-degree angama-20. Shintsha amanzi kabili. Izimbambo ezinjalo zingatshalwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, zizokhula kahle.
2. Tshala ngendlela efanayo nasentwasahlobo, endaweni ethambekele ekujuleni okuncane, enesihlahla esisodwa ngaphezulu.
3. Nisela inhlabathi kahle ne-mulch ngesendlalelo esingafika ku-5 cm. Njenge-mulch, sebenzisa:
   • Peat;
   • humus;
   • utshani;
   • Ungabeka ifilimu emnyama noma esobala esikhundleni se-mulch.

Izithombo ezisikwe ekwindla zizokhiqiza izimpande ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo bese ziqala ukukhula ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu. Izithombo ezitholwe ngonyaka kufanele zithuthelwe endaweni ehlala njalo.

Ungatyala izithombo ekwindla ezitsheni ezinomhlabathi nezimbobo zokudonsa (izingilazi noma amabhodlela enziwe ngopulasitiki), faka efasiteleni lendlu namanzi kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Izimbali nama-ovari kufanele zisuswe.

Ividiyo: ukutshala kwekwindla kwama-currants nge-cutways

Ukubekwa

Indlela evame kakhulu ukusakazwa ngokuhlelwa okulele.

1. Agoba igatsha elineminyaka emibili phansi, athukululwe futhi anisele, futhi alifaka ngocingo.
2. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela kule ndawo, alala nenhlabathi izikhathi ezi-2:
   1. Ngokudubula okuphakeme ngo-10 cm.
   2. Emavikini langu-2-3 ngemuva kwaloko.
3. Lapho izingqimba zikhule ngokuphelele, ziyabiwa futhi zitshaleke.

Lapho ama-currants esatshalaliswa ngokuhlelwa okuvundlile, ihlumela libekwa esofeni, liphinwe enhlabathini futhi limbozwe ngenhlabathi.

Kwendlalelo mpo, kusetshenziswa izihlahla ezincane.

1. Iningi lamagatsha lisikwa cishe phansi, lokhu kukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela kusuka emahlumela aphansi.
2. Ekuphakameni kweziqu ezintsha ezingamasentimitha angama-20 noma ngaphezulu, atholakala engxenyeni enomhlaba omanzi, ngaphambili athukulula inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla.
3. Ekwindla, amahlumela anezimpande asikiwe futhi atshalwe ngokwehlukana.

Lapho ama-currants esatshalaliswa ngokufakwa mpo, amagatsha asikwa ukuze athole amahlumela amasha

Ukwehlukanisa isihlahla

Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe ama-currants ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla kwenziwa ekwindla ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga (ngo-Okthoba - Novemba) noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu (ngoMashi).

1. Bumba isitshalo ngokucophelela ngaphandle kwenhlabathi. Ukuze ulondoloze izimpande ngangokunokwenzeka, udinga ukugaya endaweni eyi-40 cm ukusuka maphakathi nesihlahla.
2. Khulula izimpande enhlabathini.
3. Ama-secateurs noma ama-saws ahlukanisa isihlahla sibe izingxenye eziningana ezilinganayo, kungcono kungabi ngaphezulu kwezintathu.
4. Ngaphambi kokutshala, susa amahlumela amadala, aphukile, anesifo futhi angathuthuki kahle. Ukusinda okungcono kwezitshalo, zibeke usuku kosuku ngamanzi ngokufakwa okukhulisayo.
5. Tshala ngendlela efanayo nezithombo.

Ukwahlukaniswa kwezihlahla kungasetshenziswa uma ususa indawo ekuhlalwa kuyo endaweni entsha.

Le ndlela yokuzala ayiyona ehamba phambili, yize ilula futhi ijubane. Kwisitshalo esidala, izifo nezinambuzane ziqwabelana ezingakhula esihlahleni esitshaliwe.

Ividiyo: ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-currants ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla

Shintshela endaweni entsha

Amabhishi abantu abadala angabi ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10 angahanjiswa kwenye indawo, indawo elula noma kwesinye isayithi. Ukufakelwa kwesihlahla esidala kwenziwa ekwindla, ngemuva kokuphela kwezithelo. Ngalesi sikhathi, akudingi ukuniselwa, njengoba kusentwasahlobo, kuzothatha izimpande kangcono.

Kuyadingeka ukulinda kuze kuphele ukuphuma kwe-sap ukuze isihlahla ungaqali ukukhula ngokushesha futhi singabandi ebusika, okungukuthi, amasonto amabili ngaphambi kwamaqhwa. Emgqeni ophakathi kuzoba ngoSepthemba- Okthoba, ezifundeni eziseningizimu - Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.

Umgodi ulungiswa kusengaphambili: babeka i-drainage, humus, umanyolo wamaminerali. Ubukhulu baso buxhomeka ohlelweni lwezimpande lwesitshalo esitshaliwe, imbobo 70x70x70 cm yanele.

1. Lungisa lesi sitshalo ukuze sidluliselwe kwezinye izinto: Hlanza kusuka kumagatsha omisiwe nawadala, usike iziqu ezincane ngesigamu.
2. Bamba isihlahla kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ibanga elingamasentimitha angama-40 ukusuka enkabeni ukuze ungalimazi izimpande, bese ususa kanye nenhlama yomhlaba.
3. Hlola izimpande, ususe okonakele, kanye nezibungu zezinambuzane, uma kukhona.
4. Faka isihlahla "odakeni." Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele amanzi emgodini olungiselelwe kuze kube lapho sekuhlanganiswa ingxube enamanzi bese ubeka isitshalo kuyo.
5. Phezulu ngomhlaba owomile namanzi futhi ngokuchichimayo.

Ama-currants anomqondo omuhle kakhulu, athatha kahle izimpande kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, awuzange ukhiqizwe.

Ividiyo: ukufakelwa kwe-currant (ingxenye 1)

Ividiyo: ukufakelwa kwe-currant (ingxenye 2)

Ukunakekelwa ngemuva kokufakelwa kuqukethe izenzo ezilandelayo:

1. Ama-currants adinga ukuchelela okuningi amasonto e-1-2, kepha kungabi ngaphezu kwamathathu, ukuze izimpande zingaboli futhi nezifo zokukhunta zingaveli.
2. Lapho ufaka ezinye izitshalo ezisencane, kuyadingeka ukuqeda umbala ekuqaleni, ukuze isitshalo sijule futhi sikhule kahle, futhi singachithi amandla ekutheleni izithelo.
3. Uma kunokusongela kwesithwathwa, isihlahla kudingeka simbozwe.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, akunzima ukukhulisa ama-currants. Okokuqala, ungathatha ihlumela ngesimpande kusuka kumakhelwane futhi utshale isihlahla esisodwa. Eminyakeni emibili, izovele ikhule kahle futhi ikhiqize isivuno. Into esemqoka ukuqala!