I-Asia-mpumalanga ye-Asia ne-Middle East esifundeni yizindawo zokuzalwa ze-hibiscus. Manje lezi zitshalo eziningi zezimbali, izihlobo ze-mallow, zikhulile kokubili egumbini nasezilimini zezitshalo. Izimbali ze-Hibiscus, ezibizwa nangokuthi i-roses yase-Chinese, izitshalo ezithisa ukushisa.
Emhlabathini ovulekile weqembu eliphakathi likwazi ukubusika kuphela I-hibiscus yama-syriac noma efana nemithi - i-shrub ende enamahlamvu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nemhlophe, pink, izimbali ezibomvu zendlela elula noma e-terry, evuleka ndawonye ehlobo futhi ivele njalo kuze kube sekwindla.
Isihlahla samaHibiscus - ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukukhanyisa nokushisa
"IsiSiriya" siyadingeka indawo enelanga nefudumele, ivaliwe kusuka kumashidi (lapho ephuma esitsheni) nasuka emoyeni oqinile (endaweni evulekile).
Ekamelweni lesikhungo, amakamelo anefasitela elibheke eningizimu ayilungile kuye. Ehlobo, i-hibiscus iqala kahle emgodini.
Ukwakheka komhlaba, ukutshala, ukufakelwa kabusha
Lapho ufika kusayithi bamba imbobo ukuze umquba ube mkhulu kabili njengoba uhlelo lwawo lwenzimpande. Uhlaka lwesitini noma u-ceramic ukuphakama kwesigqinsi esingu-15 cm kufakwa phansi. Uhlaka lwesentimitha lweshumi lomhlabathi luthululelwa phezulu, bese uhlalisa umquba wamasentimitha angu-15, kanye nohlaka olulinganayo lwesanti ngaphezulu. Umhlabathi okhishwe emgodini uhlanganiswe ne-peat nesihlabathi: imiqulu emibili yomhlaba, imiqulu emine ye-peat, umthamo owodwa wesihlabathi. Ingxube elandelwayo yathululela izimpande zezithombo ezibekiwe emgodini wokutshala. Ngenxa yalokho, intamo impande akufanele kuhlanganiswe. I-sapling igxuma, yenza umgodi omkhulu wokuthutha umswakama. Ukunisela kuyenziwa kuwo futhi, ngemva kokuba umswakama ususwe, i-groove ihlanganisiwe, igcwele umhlaba.
Lapho ufika esitsheni izimo ezifanayo zigcwaliseka: amanzi okuphoqeleka, inhlabathi evundile evundile. Ngaphansi kwebhode uhlaka lobumba olunwetshiwe noma amatshe amakhulu amancane adingekayo. Njengokuqala kokubambisana, ukuxuba okulungiselelwe kusetshenziselwa izihlahla zemihlobiso, noma zakha umhlabathi wokutshala we-turf nomhlabathi ohlaza, kanye nama-humus ngobuningi obulinganayo ngokufaka i-pear fibrous, isihlabathi esingenayo futhi "kahle" - amalahle.
Watshala izitshalo ezincane minyaka yonke, zivuthiwe - unyaka noma ezimbili.
Ukunisela
Esikhathini esifudumele esakhiweni isidingo njalo, njengoba ubuso bomhlabathi bubomileukuchelela ngamanzi athambile. Uma kwenzeka isomiso, isihlahla sizodinga ukuphuziswa nsuku zonke.
Ngaphakathi isitshalo sebhabhu Ukuphuza ihlobo ejwayelekile kuhlangana ngokuhlelekile sishaye amanzi athambile ekamelweni lokushisa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Emhlabathini ovulekile, ehlobo, bi-fertilizer ukukhulelwa nge okuqukethwe okudingekayo kabili ngenyanga i-phosphorusfuthi ukuwa kwangaphambiliUkusiza isihlahla sichitha ebusika, udinga ukwengeza i-potash umanyolo.
"ISiriya" esitsheni ku entwasahlobo nasehlobo feed up njalo izinsuku ezingu-10 izakhiwo zamaminerali ezihloselwe izihlahla ezihlobisa izimbali. Entwasahlobo okuwusizo ukwandisa okuqukethwe i-nitrogenfuthi ehlobo - i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Sebenzisa ezinye izithako eziphilayo kanye nezamaminerali. I-autumn nobusika ayisondliwe.
Ukukhula nokusika
I-Hibiscus ibekezelela "izinwele" izikhathi 3-4 ngonyaka. Amahlumela afunyiwe angasetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa nokuhlanganiswa kokuhlanganiswa.
Ukunciphisa kancane lesi shrub kungaguqulwa ibe ngumuthi omuhle kakhulu nomqhele okhululekile futhi ugcwele izimbali ezinhlobonhlobo zasehlobo.
Ezimweni ezifanele "iSiriya" uhlala iminyaka engu-20 noma ngaphezulu.
Hbiscus kuyadingeka. Ukudubula amafomu i-compact enhle umqhele. Ngaphandle kwakhe kunomthelela eningi ziyaqhakaza njengoba amaqabunga asungulwa ngokuqinile emahlumela amancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zangaphandle ekuqaleni spring pruning kudingeka njengalokho ihlanzekile ukulinganisa ukususa amahlumela abathintekayo amaqhwa ebusika.
Izimbali
Ukuhlanza kahle, isitshalo esinqunywe kahle iqhuma isikhathi eside - kokubili ehlobo nasekwindla. Imbali eyodwa iphila isikhathi esifushane, ukuphila kwayo kungukuphela kosuku. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezinjalo ukuthi ama-buds akhiwa kaningi.
Ngaphandle kokunciphisa, kubalulekile gcina izinga lokushisa elifanele, umswakama, ukukhanya nokudla.
Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi, hhayi umswakama okwanele noma umanyolo okwanele, efihlekile akhiwa, kepha, engavuli, awe.
Ayikho i-bloom esithombeni esithuthukisiwe esinezihlahla ezinamagatsha anamanzi uma "kugcwele ngokweqile" nge-nitrogen fertilizer.
Izimbali azifaki kanye nalabo "amaRashiya aseChina", angenawo umswakama ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo.
Ubusika bufudumele kakhulu futhi akavumeli lesi sitshalo ukuba siqoqe amandla anele okuqhakaza.
Ukugonywa
Ukuze uthole "i-Chinese rose" lapho ngesikhathi esifanayo izimbali zivulekile izinhlobo ezahlukene nemibala, sebenzisa imishanguzo yemikhosi eluhlaza.
Isikhathi sokugoma esifanele - entwasahlobo ephuzile kuze kube sekuqaleni kwehlobolapho ukukhula okusebenzayo kuqhuma, hhayi izimbali.
Esikhathini somqhele khetha isikhunta esincane se-lignified futhi sinqume, sishiya umthamo wesentimitha amane "isiqu". Bayihlukanisa phakathi naphakathi no 1.5 cm. Faka engxenyeni engezansi ekugcineni kwe-graft-graft, "yaqondiswa" kuzo zombili izinhlangothi usebenzisa izingxenye ze-oblique zobude obufanayo obuyingxenye eyodwa nesigamu centimitha. Izicubu zombili zomagatsha kumele zihambisane: i-core - enomgogodla, i-gark - ne-bark.
Indawo ehlanganisiwe ihlanganiswe nge-PTFE tape futhi inike izicubu zikhule ndawonye zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili.
Khona-ke itheyipu isusiwe, futhi indawo yokukhishwa ihlanganiswe ne-pitch engadini.
Ebusika
Emhlabathini ovulekile indawo yokuhlala yasebusika idinga kakhulu amahlathi amancane. Izibonelo ezivuthiwe zibekezelela ubusika kalula.
Ukulungiselela ukuchitha kwasebusika ukuphuza ekwindla sekwephuzile, hillingfuthi engxenyeni yesibili kaNovemba ukugoba amagatsha emhlabathini, zimboze ngendwangu engavunyelwe (lutrasil, spunbond), yi-polyethylene bese ucindezela. Ihlanganiswe ngamagatsha ase-spruce.
Ungafaka futhi uhlaka oluzungeza isihlahla bese uyifaka ngezinto zokumboza ezinqabeni eziningana.
Esikhathini sesitshalo lapho kufika ubusika, kuyadingeka ukuhlela kabusha i-hibiscus kahle indawo ekhanyayo enezinga lokushisa cishe ngama-13 degrees. Ukunisela kumele kulinganiselwe.
Ukuzala
"ISiriya" kahle okusakazwe yi-cuttings, futhi ku-ground layout - layering. Ungasakaza futhi indlela yokumisa.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu NgoJanuwari, Febhuwari noMashi. Imbewu ifakwe kwisisombululo se-stimulator ekukhuleni futhi ihlwanyelwe inhlanganisela enomanzi ye-peat nesihlabathi ngobuningi obulinganayo. Ukuhlwanyela ifilimu yesikhumba, umoya wesikhashana, ukuphucula nokufudumala.
Ukushisa kwenhlabathi ukuhluma okuhle kakhulu + 27ºС.
Izithombo ezinamaqabunga ambalwa ezinamaqiniso azitshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukene. Izimbali zizovela kuzo emva kweminyaka engu-3-4.
Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings
Isihlahla se-hibiscus esakazwa yi-cuttings kangcono entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali. Ungasebenzisa isikhala ngemuva kokudubula. I-cuttings ene-internodes eziningana ifakwa emanzini ngaphambi kokuqothula, noma isetshenziselwa ukukhula kwenqwaba yamanzi ngokushesha, ifinyelele ngo-10 cm, enhlabathini elula: i-peat isigamu, isihlabathi esisodwa.
Ukutshala kuqukethe amazinga afudumele (23-25 degrees), ukuhluma, ukufuthwa.
Ngemva kwenyanga, amaqabunga amasha avela, isitshalo esincane siphuthuma ngokushesha.
Ukukhiqizwa ngokubeka
Uma ukhiqiza ngezingqimba, ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo, elinye lamagatsha kumele liguqulwe phansi, lihlale liphakathi futhi lifakwe emhlabathini.
Ingxenye yegatsha, elisehlabathini, iveza izimpande, amahlumela amasha avela egatsheni elinyathelisiwe. Lapho bekhula kahle, izendlalelo zihlukaniswa nomkhumbi womama.
Kumele uqale ukunakekelwa kwemithombo emihle, uhlanganise ngokujulile indawo lapho izakhi zizogxila khona. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inhlabathi kufanele ibe nemanzi ngokwanele.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Isitshalo singathinta i-chlorosis: amaqabunga aphansi awela, amahlamvu amancane aphenduka ophuzi. Imbangela ye-chlorosis ingaphezu kwe-calcium, kanye ne-chlorine ehambisana nokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen nensimbi. Kufanele kusetshenziswe isihlahla isixazululo sulfate esivundile, amanzi kuphela ngamanzi alula, ahlelekile kahle futhi acidify the soil.
Ngomoya ophansi we-hibiscus ungavela i-thrips, i-aphid, i-whitefly, i-spider mite. Indlela enokwethenjelwa futhi ephumelelayo yokulwa nalezi zinambuzane - izinambuzane zesistimu.
I-hibiscus kuphela engakwazi ukumelana nobusika bendimba eliphakathi - iSiriya noma efana nemithi - iyakwazi ukukhula isikhathi eside futhi ujabule iso ngokuchichima okuningi ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Ukunakekelwa okunjalo kulula ukuhlinzeka, nokugonywa ngempumelelo ngenye indlela ukuhlobisa isihlahla esimelana naso kanyekanye ngokuveza izimbali zezinhlobo ezahlukene nemibala.
Isithombe
Bona izithombe zesihlahla sama-rose e-Chinese ngezansi:
