Barberry - ukutshala nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile

Amajikijolo abomvu we-barberry ngokumelene nesizinda samaqabunga aluhlaza abukeka emuhle futhi ebukekayo. Ukusuka kuwo ungakhula uthango omuhle noma uyihlobise ngamagatsha kocingo, i-gazebo, udonga lwendlu. I-Barberry ejwayelekile (iBerberis vulgari) ikhule hhayi kuphela ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa, kodwa futhi ngoba amajikijolo ayo acebile ngamavithamini.

Incazelo ye-barberry: izinhlobo ezithandwayo nezinhlobo

IBarberry isitshalo esinezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500-600. Zihlukile ngobukhulu besihlahla, ubude bamagatsha, umbala nokwakheka kwamaqabunga. Amajikijolo nawo angaba ngemibala ehlukene: obomvu, ophuzi, owolintshi, onsomi, obomvu. Kukhona ama-barberry ongapheli futhi waminyaka yonke, amade futhi anamathile. Izinhlobo ezakhiqiwe zivinjelwe ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezitshalo.

Amajikijolo aqukethe izinto eziningi ezizuzisayo.

Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu nezinhlobonhlobo:

• I-evergreen (ejwayelekile) - isihlahla eside embozwe ngamacembe amade, amancanyana, aluhlaza. Abawi ekwindla, kepha entwasahlobo, lapho kukhula abasha. Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela iqhwa kuze kufike ku-35 ° C. I-shrub ibekezelela kahle inhlabathi enqabile futhi enomoya ongcolile. Izinhlobo ezaziwayo: I-Alba (amaqabunga e-fluffy nezithelo ezimhlophe) neLutea (amajikijolo aphuzi, akhula kuphela ekukhanyeni okuhle).
• IThunberg Barberry isihlahla esikhula endle eJapan naseChina. Amaqabunga e-barberry angafakwa ngopende obomvu, ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani kanye no-orange. Kuyinto engabekezeleleki kakhulu: ibekezelela kalula isithwathwa, isomiso, ukuntuleka kukamanyolo ngisho nokungcola kwegesi.
• ITibetan - umuthi omude obhebhetheka ukhula ufike kuma-3.5-4 m. Izithelo ezibomvu zibonakala zibuyisela izimbali ezibubende. Amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama angancipha abe ngotshani. Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zeGoji Shambhala. Lesi isihlahla esimbozwe ngameva. Izithelo zayo - amajikijolo we-goji - ayasebenza ngokumelene nezifo eziningi. IShrub ikhula eTibet, eNyakatho India, e-East China.
• I-Amursky yisihlahla esingama-2-3,5 m ukuphakama okuqhakazile, kepha hhayi umqhele okhanyayo oluhlaza okotshani nezimbali eziphuzi. Ihlala eMpumalanga Ekude.
• I-Ottawa - isihlahlana esibomvu esinomqhele osakazekayo. Kukhona izitshalo ezinamaqabunga ansomi, obomvu nobubende obumnyama. Izinhlobonhlobo: I-Aurikoma (amaqabunga e-burgundy ene-tint yesiliva), iSuperba (amajikijolo abomvu namaqabunga ansomi) nama-Silver Miles (izimbali eziphuzi nokubomvu, amaqabunga ansomi). Isitshalo sivame ukutshalwa e-Urals naseSiberia.
• IKorea isihlahla esincane esikhula emhlabathini onamadwala. Imbozwe ngemisebe emide, eminyene. Amacembe amakhulu aluhlaza, abunjwe njengeqanda, aphenduka abomvu ekwindla. Esihlahleni, amajikijolo ayindilinga anemibala ebomvu ekhanyayo uvuthiwe.

Isihlahla esinamahlamvu

Kunezinhlobo eziningi eziguquliwe ze-Thunberg barberry, ezihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye:

• I-eme ishlahla esiqondile sesimo se-pyramidal, ukuphakama kwawo kungamasentimitha angama-120-150. Izimbali eziphuzi nezibomvu ziyavela phakathi komqhele omnyama.
• I-Coronite - umuthi ongafika ku-150 cm ukuphakama, amagatsha ahlelwe ngokuqondile. Amaqabunga apinki, anomngcele ohlaza okotshani. Esikhundleni sezimbali eziphuzi izithelo ezibomvu ziboshwe.
• IGolden Rocket - amahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani, izimbali nezithelo eziphuzi. Ikhula ibe ngu-120 cm ukuphakama.
• Ukwemukelwa - isihlahla esifinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama, sikhula sibe ububanzi kumamitha ayi 1. Amaqabunga aphuzi, abomvu, awolintshi ngombala onomngcele omhlophe ozungeze imiphetho.
• I-Atropurpurea - amahlamvu ansomi enza umqhele ovundile. Lapho izimbali eziphuzi ziqhakaza, kuvela amajikijolo asendaweni yawo.
• IHarlequin - amaqabunga ansomi ambozwe izindawo ezimhlophe. Ububanzi besihlahla bucishe bulingane nobude bawo (2x2 m).

Ibarberry yaseThunberg

Indawo yokungena, inhlabathi

Endaweni engaphansi kwedolobha, ungatshala noma yiziphi izinhlobo nezinhlobo, ngokwesibonelo, i-barberry ejwayelekile. Ukugibela nokunakekela kuzodinga umsebenzi onzima, ukubekezela, ukunakwa. Impilo yesikhathi esizayo yesitshalo incike kwikhwalithi yomhlaba. Abalimi beNovice ngokuvamile abazi ukuthi batshala kanjani i-barberry, iyiphi indawo ongayikhetha, ukuthi ungawulungisa kanjani umhlabathi.

Udinga ukukhetha indawo lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ajulile khona. Isitshalo asithandi inhlabathi emanzi kakhulu, ngakho-ke udinga amanzi amnandi. I-Soil acidity (pH) ingahluka kusuka kumabhishi angama-4 kuye kwayi-8, izindawo ezinomhlaba okhululeke, indawo enamatshe omhlaba namatshe amatshe lapho kukhona i-turf encane efanelekile.

Indawo ebanjwayo kufanele ivikelwe ngokuthembekile emimoyeni enamandla nakuhlaka. Isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okuningi, bese ihlumela likhula ngokushesha, amaqabunga aqhakaze futhi abe mnene, futhi amajikijolo amnandi ngokwengeziwe. Endaweni enomthunzi eduze ne-barberry, izimpande zikhula ngokunamandla, kungcono ukufakelwa isihlahla esenzelwe ukukhiqizwa okwesikhashana.

Ukutshala ngaphandle kwe-barberry

Abaningi baphupha ngokukhula barberry ezweni. Ukutshala nokunakekela kwangaphandle kuzodinga isimo sengqondo sokuzibophezela. Kufanele ukhethe indawo efanelekile, uthole izithombo ezinempilo futhi ulungiselele inhlabathi. Ukutshala i-barberry kwenziwa ngesimo sezulu esifudumele entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu. Ekwindla (kuze kube maphakathi no-Okthoba), izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe ingagxila.

Ungatshala kanjani u-barberry:

1. Bamba umgodi ojulile ngo-40 cm ngobubanzi obufanayo. Ukuze uthobele, bamba umsele obanzi obungu-40 cm.
2. Phansi, uthele ungqimba lwesihlabathi, amatshe amatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe noma amatshe abunjiwe angaba ngu-10 cm.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho faka ingxube yenhlabathi yengadi, umquba, i-humus (8-10 kg) ne-superphosphate (100 g). Uma i-pH yenhlabathi iseduze ne-acidic, udinga ukufaka i-ash ash (200 g) ne-lime eyenziwe ngogesi (400 g) kule ngxube.
4. Shayela esikhonkwaneni sokhuni njengesekela.
5. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, faka isithombo emgodini bese ufafaza nomhlaba. Intamo yezimpande kufanele iye emhlabathini ngokujula kwama-3-4 cm.
6. Phonsa inhlabathi, uyinisele futhi uyiqoqeshe nge-sawdust, amaqabunga omisiwe noma i-peat.
7. Nquma isihla phezulu sesithombo, kusale ama-3-5 efihlekile.

Ukutshala isihlahla sangaphandle

Ukutshala imbewu

I-barberry ingatshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kodwa kungumsebenzi omude futhi obuhlungu. Kuzothatha iminyaka engama-2-3 ukukhulisa isithombo esivela embewini, futhi kube ngama-20- 40% kuphela kuyo yonke imbewu ehlwanyelwe. Kungcono ukutshala izihlahla eziningana, ngoba zizodinga impova.

Ungakhula kanjani u-barberry kusuka ezinhlanyelweni:

1. Qoqa amajikijolo avuthiwe, uwahoxe kusuka epulpiti.
2. Hlanza imbewu emanzini bese ubeka endaweni yesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate imizuzu engama-20.
3. Geza futhi usule.
4. Hlanganisa imbewu nesihlabathi esimanzi bese uzigcina kuze kube sentwasahlobo esiqandisini emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-+3 ° C.
5. Ngo-Ephreli, ukhula lukhululise umhlaba engadini.
6. Bamba ama-grooves ama-3 cm ajule, uhlwanyele imbewu bese uwafafaza ngenhlabathi.
7. Khipha amahlumela ahlume lapho ngamunye wabo ekhula amaqabunga ama-2. Shiya kuphela izithombo eziqine kakhulu. Ibanga phakathi kwabo kufanele okungenani libe ngu-3 cm.
8. Ngonyaka olandelayo, amahlumela adluliselwa endaweni ebanzi kakhudlwana. Ukuze amajikijolo avele, isihlahla kufanele sifakwe kuwo, kepha lokhu akumelwe kwenziwe ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-2.

Ekwindla, imbewu ingahlwanyelwa engadini ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuthola amagciwane.

Ukutshala izihlahlana kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Ukunisela nokukhulula inhlabathi

Ngemuva kokutshala imbewu noma izithombo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungawanakekela kanjani ama-barberry. Lokhu kuzodinga umzamo obalulekile futhi ngeke kuthathe isikhathi esiningi. Ukunakekelwa kahle kwe-barberry kuncishiswa kokunisela ngesikhathi, ukugawula okuvamile, ukugqoka okuphezulu nokukhulula umhlabathi.

I-barberry iniselwa kuphela ngezikhathi ezishisayo nezomile. Isitshalo ngeke sife, noma umhlaba womile isikhashana. Kanye ngesonto, amanzi afudumele athululelwa ngaphansi kwempande. Kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umswakama awutholi emaqabungeni.

Kanye emva kwamaviki ama-2, umhlabathi oseduze nezimpande kufanele ukhululwe ngama-rakes amancane. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngokufinyeleleka kwe-oksijini ezimpandeni futhi kuvunyelwe ukuba baphefumule. Udinga futhi ukhula.

Izindlela zokukhulisa u-barberry

Izindlela eziphambili zokuzala kabusha ukusika, ukuhlukanisa, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla. I-barberry akuvamile ukuthi ifakwe imbewu: lokhu kuyindlela engasebenzi kahle.

Ungahlukanisa kanjani isihlahla:

1. Entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, bamba isihlahla esinezimpande eziningi ezinempilo. Hlukanisa amagatsha nezimpande ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene.
2. Sika i-rhizome nge-pruner ekhonakele ngegciwane. Masinyane phatha amaphuzu asikiwe nge-activated carbon ochotshoziwe odakeni.
3. Tshala izihlahla ezimbili ezintsha emhlabathini.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika:

1. Entwasahlobo, sinqume amagatsha ambalwa avuthiwe, kodwa hhayi amadala.
2. Susa amaqabunga aphansi kubo.
3. Lungiselela i-substrate: hlanganisa i-peat nesihlabathi bese uwafafaza.
4. Tshala izithombo ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi kwe-2-3 cm.
5. Beka ukusika ku greenhouse. Ungazimboza ngebhodlela lepulasitiki. Akufanele zome ngaphandle, ngakho-ke kufanele ziniselwe njalo.
6. Lapho izithombo zisika izimpande, zitshale emhlabathini ovulekile.

Ukuzala kabusha. Indlela Yendlela:

1. Gobela emhlabathini amahlumela amade aseceleni.
2. Fafaza nomhlaba ezindaweni eziningana.
3. Lapho izimpande zivela, isihlahla esisha sinqunywa esihlahleni sikamama bese sidluliselwa kwenye indawo.

Kungcono ukusabalalisa lesi sitshalo nge-cutways ne layering, kodwa hhayi imbewu

Ukondla nokudlulisa

Ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, awudingi ukondla isitshalo. Ibarberry yabantu abadala kufanele ivundiswe izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka. Entwasahlobo, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyangezwa, kucebile ku-nitrogen ne-potassium, isibonelo, i-10 l yamanzi + 20-30 g we-urea. Ekwindla, kuzodingeka umanyolo we-phosphorus ne-potassium: i-15 superphosphate ne-10 g ye-potash. Ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindwe kwenziwa hhayi ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-4-5.

Ungondla isihlahla kanye ngonyaka - maphakathi noJulayi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele isixazululo senqola yeKemira Universal ngaphansi kwempande: uzodinga i-15 g ngebhakede elilodwa lamanzi.

Ukuthenwa kwe-barberry

Entwasahlobo, amagatsha esihlahla esasinda ebusika bokuqala anqunywa phakathi. Ngemuva kwalokho, ehlobo (maphakathi noJulayi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti), kuyadingeka ukwenza izinwele zokuhlanzeka - khipha amagatsha anesifo, alimale, angenamandla. Umqhele walesi sitshalo unganikezwa noma yisiphi isimo.

Ukusabalalisa umqhele wesihlahla

Okuningi kuxhomeke ekutheni barbar ikhula ngokushesha kangakanani. Lapho amagatsha ekhula ngokushesha, kulapho kudingekaawo ukuthi anciphiswe. Amahlumela ka-barberry Thunberg akhula kancane, ngakho-ke akavamile ukuzidinga izinwele.

Izinambuzane nezifo

I-barberry isitshalo esingenakuzithoba esinokuzivikela komzimba okuhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kumele ivikelwe ezinambuzaneni nasekwelashweni kokuthithibayo nezidakamizwa.

Izindlela zokulawula izinambuzane nezifo:

• Ukugqwala noma ukubala - kuthinta amaqabunga. Kuyadingeka ukuphatha umqhele ngama-fungicides, isibonelo, i-Bordeaux ewuketshezi.
• I-Powdery mildew - amabala amhlophe namabala ezimpunga. Umqhele namagatsha kuphathwa nge-fungicides. Isixazululo seFundazole sisebenza kakhulu: 20 g nge-10 l lamanzi.
• Ama-aphid, sawflies, amabhu - ama-insecticides azodingeka ukuqeda lezi zinambuzane.

Isikhathi sezimbali nokunakekelwa ngemuva

Umgcini wegadi ngamunye ufuna ukubona ukuqhakaza kwezihlahla zawo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ziqhakaza nini izimbali ze-barberry. Lokhu kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Uhlobo ngalunye nezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene ngesikhathi esifanele. Isikhathi sezimbali naso sihlukile. Isibonelo, ama-barberry kaThunberg aqhakaza izinsuku eziyi-12 ngoJuni. Ngokwesilinganiso, ezinhlotsheni eziningi, izimbali ziqala maphakathi noMeyi futhi zihlala cishe izinsuku ezingama-20. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo asidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

Izinhlobo eziningi zinezimbali eziphuzi

Uma i-barberry ingaqhakaza futhi ingatheli izithelo, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi ukutshala kwenziwa kahle yini, ngabe ngabe zonke izincomo zokunakekelwa zalandelwa.

Ungazilungiselela kanjani ubusika

Isitshalo sidinga ukuvikelwa ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isihlahla sinqunywa futhi siboshwe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi nge-agrofibre noma okunye ukufakwa. Izinhlobo eziningi, ngaphandle kwe-Thunberg barberry, zanele ukumboza ngamagatsha wefir (lapnik). Vula isitshalo entwasahlobo ngemuva kokuba isimo sezulu sifudumele.

Ngobusika, isihlahla simbozwa ngendwangu engeyona eyakhiwe

Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba

Isihlahla se-barberry esimiswe kahle sihlobisa ingadi. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamahlamvu amahlamvu (ezahlukahluka kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka) nemibala ivumela isitshalo ukuthi sisetshenziselwe ukudala izingoma zomhlaba obabazekayo. Izihlahla zaseCrohn zinganikezwa ukwakheka okukhangayo. Uthango luzoba umhlobiso kocingo, i-gazebo noma udonga lwendlu.

Amabhasi angancishiswa futhi enze izingoma zomhlaba.

Izici eziwusizo

Amajikijolo wesitshalo anezinto eziningi ezizuzisayo. Ziqukethe amavithamini A, E, C, ama-organic acid, amaminerali. Izithelo ze-barberry zisiza ukunqoba ukutheleleka kanye nomfutho wegazi ophansi, kuphulukise ukuqhekeka, kunciphise ukuvuvukala futhi kususe namagciwane emzimbeni.

Ukusuka kumajikijolo, ungenza i-compote, ijusi, isiraphu noma ijeli. Izithelo ezivuthiwe kuphela ezidinga ukuvunwa, ngoba amajikijolo angavuthiwe anobuthi. Ama-decoction nawo alungiswa kusuka kumagxolo nezimpande ze-barberry.

Ama-decoction we-Healing, i-infusions, amathayi alungiselelwe kusuka izithelo

Ikhambi linokuphambana. Ama-infusions kanye nama-decoctions we-barberry akufanele aphuzwe ngabantu abanesifo se-gallstone, i-cirrhosis yesibindi kanye nokopha. Izithelo zesitshalo akufanele zidliwe yizingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12 nabesifazane abakhulelwe.

Barberry engadini uzohlobisa noma yiliphi ikotishi lasehlobo. Abalimi abaningi bayayithanda ngobuhle bayo, amajikijolo amnandi futhi anempilo, kanye nokuzithoba kwayo ekunakekelweni.