I-Asparagus imele isiteleka somndeni womndeni wakwa-Asparagus, okuvame ukubizwa ngawo njengohlobo oluhlukile lwe-Asparagus. Lesi sitshalo sikhule ngempumelelo ezimweni zasengadini. Ezinye izinhlobo zayo zisetshenziswa ekuphekeni.
Kusuka emlandweni wokubukeka
Umlando wokutshala i-asparagus uqala emuva eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu. AbaseGibhithe babecabanga ukuthi i-asparagus ingaphezulu futhi babeqiniseka ngokuqinile ukuthi isitshalo sinomthelela omkhulu ekuqhubekeni kwesintu.
AmaGrikhi asendulo ayebeka amahlumela e-asparagus embhedeni kulabo abasanda kushada, ukuze bakwazi ukukhulelwa umntwana ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukuhlobisa i-asparagus kubukeka kungajwayelekile kakhulu
Ngesikhathi seRoma Lasendulo, lesi sitshalo besingasasetshenziswa nje njengesimfanelo futhi sidliwe njengokudla. Isikhathi eside, lo imifino yayingatholakali kubantu abajwayelekile futhi yayikhonzwa etafuleni lombusi waseRoma kuphela. Lapho umkhiqizo ufika eYurophu ngekhulu le-15, wawungatholakali nakubantu isikhathi eside.
Kubalulekile! Emhlabebeni wanamuhla, yize kunabantu abangazi ukuthi ama-asparagus ne-asparagus ngokuyisisekelo kuyisitshalo esifanayo, ukukhula kwe-asparagus engadini kuvame kakhulu. Noma yimuphi umhlaseli unethuba lokusebenzisa i-asparagus etafuleni.
I-asparagus icasha kanjani
Njengoba isiko livela ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinesimo sezulu esinomswakama, abaningi banesifiso esinengqondo embuzweni wokuthi ama-asparagus hibernates kanjani. Naphezu kwezimpande zayo eziseningizimu, i-asparagus engadini iyakwazi ukubekezelela ubusika obunzima baseRussia. Ekwindla, lesi sitshalo siphulukana neziqu zazo eziluhlaza, ukuze entwasahlobo siphinde sizalwe kabusha ngama-rhizomes anamandla anempilo aphelele.
Ngabe isitshalo sibukeka kanjani
Isihlahla simbozwe ngokuphelele ngamagatsha abunjiwe ngenaliti awunika ukubukeka kokuhlobisa. Izimbali zaso aziyona into ekhethekile - zinobukhulu obuphakathi futhi zibukeka kahle. I-Asparagus asparagus ingakhula ifinyelele kumitha elilodwa nesigamu. Isiko libonakaliswa uhlelo olwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe olunama-rhizomes aqondile. Izithelo zibukeka njengebhhero enezithombo ezinkulu eziningana ngaphakathi.
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-300 zezinambuzane zasendle. Akuwona wonke lawo alungele ukutshala ezimweni zasekhaya noma engadini. Ngokutshala efulethini, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezilandelayo zilungele ngokuphelele.
Asparagus Meyer
Lesi isihlahlana esihle sinombala, sitholakala ezilwaneni zasendle kulo lonke elase-Asia. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo akukho ngaphezu kwesigamu semitha. I-asparagus enjalo ikhula kahle ngobubanzi lapho ikhule, ngoba ibonakala ngokugatsha.
I-Asparagus Meyer i-fluffy kakhulu
I-cirrus asparagus
Enye into ehlala ihlala njalo ezozizwa ikhululekile efasiteleni elisophahleni inamahlumela amahle asontekile. Amaqabunga awo ngokubukeka afana kakhulu nesikali esincane. Iziqu zigoqiwe, zikhula ngoxhaxha. Amaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo amhlophe okwezimpaphe, mncane kakhulu.
Carapace Asparagus
I-asparagus egulisayo ingumvini, ukuphakama kwawo, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-7 ubude. Lesi sitshalo sinamagatsha ahlobene nezibazi ezincane, ngazo sinamathela ezinsikeni zeluleke elangeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo zama-asparagus ezilungele ukutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Zingatshalwa ngokuphephile ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, ezokulondolozwa emasimini, ezingadini zemifino nasezindaweni ezizimele. Izinhlobo eziphambili zegadi zesiko zifaka lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo.
I-Medicinal Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)
I-asparagus yezokwelapha isitshalo se-bioecious herbaceous biennial, ekhula ngokwesilinganiso ifinyelela kumitha owodwa nesigamu ukuphakama. Unezindebe eziqondile, ezimbozwe ngengcebo eningi. Amaqabunga alesi sitshalo ayaphakeme, abe nezikali ezincane. Izimbali ezimhlophe emilenzeni ende.
I-asparagus emhlophe
Ukutshala kwe-asparagus emhlophe ezweni kuyasebenza ikakhulukazi. Kuyisithunzi esihlala sihlala njalo. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene akukhona nje ukuthi kungumthombo obalulekile wezinto zokwelapha ezinguluhlaza, kodwa futhi kuthola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ekuphekeni.
Lesi sitshalo sikhula size sibe ngamamitha amabili ukuhleleka, sinenqubo eziningi zenaliti futhi sinohlelo oluqinile lwezimpande olwakha amabhlumela okukhula.
I-asparagus eluhlaza
Enye i-asparagus edliwayo yi-asparagus eluhlaza. Isihlahla sivulekile esidala esinamaqabunga amancane futhi angakhuli kahle. Izimbali zincane. Ekuphekeni, kusetshenziswa amahlumela amasiko.
Ukupheka kokusetshenziswa
Ngemuva kokuqonda ukuthi i-asparagus ne-asparagus zihlala zimile futhi zinjalo, kufanele uzijwayeze ukuthi isitshalo sisetshenziswa kanjani kahle ukulungiselela izitsha ezahlukahlukene.
I-Asparagus ihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho, ithola uhlelo lokusebenza olubanzi kakhulu emkhakheni we-Culinary. Kusetshenziswa ekudleni kokubini okuluhlaza nokuphekwe. Lesi sitshalo singabiliswa, sithosiwe, sibhakwe futhi sisitshelwe. Izinhlobonhlobo eziluhlaza zokupheka zisetshenziswa kaningi. Indlela elula yokupheka kusuka amahlumela amasha. Azidingi ukukhonkotha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubhaka kwabo kudinga isikhathi esincane. Uma sikhuluma nge-asparagus emhlophe ukuthi ungapheka kanjani, imifino idinga ukulungiselelwa kokulungiselela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa inqubo yokupheka. Kufanele igezwe ngokuphelele emanzini abandayo futhi inqume zonke izisekelo eziqinile.
Abaningi abayithengi i-asparagus, bengazi ukuthi bapheke kanjani. I-Asparagus ihamba kahle nanoma yimiphi imifino, inhlanzi, izinkukhu, inyama, ushizi, ingasetshenziswa njengendishi eseceleni noma njengesitsha esikhulu.
Kubalulekile! I-Asparagus ihlumela, kuya ngohlobo lokucubungula, thatha inani elihlukile lesikhathi. I-cookie isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kufanele kube imizuzu engu-8, umusi - imizuzu eyi-15, gazinga - imizuzu emi-5, ukubhaka - imizuzu engama-20. Cishe noma yiziphi izinongo zingasetshenziswa njengabangane.
Ukutshala nokunakekela kwangaphandle
Ukuze akhule isihlahla se-asparagus endlini yezwe lakhe, kufanele ahlinzeke ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Lesi sitshalo kufanele siphuziswe njalo, sisongelwa ngezikhathi ezithile, lapho ubusika buqala ukusondela, buthana nomanyolo ukuze kuvikele ukuqandeka kohlelo lwezimpande.
Ukugxila ikakhulukazi lapho izilimo ezikhulayo kufanele zinikezwe enhlabathini nasekugqokeni phezulu
Inhlabathi ye-asparagus kufanele ibe yingxube yezakhi ezilandelayo:
- umhlaba wensimu (izingxenye ezimbili);
- i-humus (ingxenye eyodwa);
- isihlabathi (ingxenye eyodwa).
Uma kufiswa, i-asparagus ingatshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
Uma ukutshala akukho emhlabathini ovulekile, kodwa embizeni efasiteleni, ungathenga isendlalelo sendawo yonke eyenziwe ngomumo yezimbali zasendlini ngokufakwa kwe-perlite.
Kunconywa ukondla isiko ehlobo nasentwasahlobo. Ekuphumuleni, umanyolo awudingeki ikakhulukazi esitshalweni. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ikhambi lendawo yonke elihlanjululwe ngezilinganiso ezinconywe ngumenzi. Izithasiselo zeNitrogen akufanele zihlukunyezwe. Kufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kakhulu kokuluhlaza.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-asparagus
Isihlahla sisakazwa ikakhulukazi ngembewu noma ngokuhlukaniswa kobunzima.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Ukuhluma kwembewu kubandakanya izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Inhlabathi exutshwe nomanyolo ithululelwa esitsheni.
- Sabalalisa imbewu kuyo ibanga elingamasentimitha amathathu ukusuka kwelinye.
- Fafaza kancane imbewu nenhlabathi.
- Mboza isitsha nge-polyethylene.
- Beka efasiteleni
- Nikeza izimo zokushisa ezintofontofo.
- Ngezikhathi ezithile bamba lo greenhouse othuthukisiwe.
- Nsuku zonke, inhlabathi ifafazwa ngamanzi avela ku-sprayer.
- Thola amahlumela okuqala.
- Lapho izithombo zifinyelela amasentimitha ayi-10, izithombo zidluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukile.
I-Asparagus - umkhiqizo onambithekayo futhi ophilile
Isigaba saseRhizome
Imvamisa, i-asparagus isatshalaliswa ngokuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes. Le yindlela elula. Noma ngubani, ngisho nomlimi oqalayo, uzokwazi ukuhlukanisa i-rhizome yesihlahla ibe izingxenye eziningi, ebheka ukuqaphela kokuqala.
Isihlahla esisha ngasinye sinyakaziswa sisuswe emhlabathini omningi bese sibekwa esitsheni esihlukile.
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kwe-asparagus kwenziwa njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo. Inkinga kuphela ongahlangana nayo uhlelo olunamandla nolwandisiwe lwezimpande. Ngenxa yalokho, kunzima ukuthola isitshalo emhlabathini. Ungaxazulula inkinga ngokuqala ukuthambisa umhlabathi kahle. I-shrub izoba lula, ingahanjiswa kalula endaweni entsha.
