I -emonmeme - ukutshala nokunakekela ebhodweni

I-Thyme iyisitshalo sasendle somndeni weLamiaceae, noma iLabrette. Phakathi "kwezihlobo" zakhe kukhona i-basil, i-rosemary, i-sage, iminti, i-lemon balm, i-oregano. Abantu bayibiza ngokuthi i-thyme noma i-Bogorodskaya yotshani ngoba eRussia kwakuyisiko ukuhlobisa izithonjana zeNkosazana ngamagatsha alesi sihlahla. Eminyakeni yamuva, abalimi abawuqoqeli endle, kodwa batshala ulamula we-thyme engadini yasekhishini.

Izinhlobo ze-thyme

I-Thyme isihlahla esingapheli. Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amabili zohlobo lwe-thyme yasendle futhi zingamakhulu amane ezifuywayo. I-Thyme isatshalaliswa cishe kulo lonke i-Eurasia, eNyakatho Melika naseGreenland. Cishe zingamakhulu amabili izinhlobo zalesi shrub zikhula endaweni yaseRussia.

I-Thyme ezweni lendawo ezweni

I-thyme ethandwa kakhulu kuhlobo lwe-thyme citriodorus, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-lemon noma i-lemone ye-lime ngenxa yephunga elimnandi elihlukile elinamanothi we-caraway-anise. Amacembe ayo aluhlaza okotshani, ovoid noma oval ngesimo, ngokufiphaza okumhlophe noma okuphuzi kancane. Kulombala wamaqabunga, i-thyme yelamula ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-mosagata, okungukuthi, i-mosagated.

I-Thyme "i-lemigadata ye-lemon"

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-lemon i-thyme ezisetshenzisiwe ekuhlobiseni imibhede yezimbali nokungena engadini yilezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• UBertram Anderson - isihlahla esinamahlamvu egolide;
• I-Spicy Orange - inezimbali ku-hue okhanyayo onsomi namaqabunga amade;
• IGolden Edge - inephunga elimnandi futhi isetshenziswa ekuphekeni;
• IGolden King - amaqabunga anomngcele ophuzi;
• UDonna Valey - kunezindawo ezincane eziphuzi kumaqabunga ale nhlobonhlobo;
• I-Silver Queen (indlovukazi yesiliva) - izimbali ezinombala onsomi-opinki, amaqabunga mancane, amhlophe ngesiliva (okwanikeza igama izinhlobo).

Umlando we-Thyme

Imvelaphi yokusetshenziswa kwe-thyme elahlekile ilahlekile kukubi kwesikhathi. Namanje amaSumeriya asendulo yeminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezingama-3 B.C.E. wasebenzisa i-thyme njenge-antiseptic enamandla. EGibhithe lasendulo, lalingezelelwa izixazululo ngenkathi kugqunywa izidumbu; eGreece yasendulo, babeshisa amathempeli kanye nendawo yokuhlala ukuze baxoshe imimoya emibi. AmaRoma abiza i-thyme thymus, ahunyushwe ngokuthi "impepho, impepho," egcizelela izakhiwo zayo ezithile eziyiphunga.

Ngenxa yezimpawu zayo eziningi eziwusizo, u-thyme wanqoba i-medieval Europe ekhulwini le-11-12 leminyaka. Ukhulunywa ngayo kuzo zonke izindlela zokwelapha, indlovukazi ehloniphayo - inkosi yayivame ukwengezwa egameni lakhe. Wayebizwa ngempahla yomlingo eqinisa isibindi, kanye nekhono lokuphulukisa ukulunywa yizilokazane ezinobuthi.

Isicelo seThemme Namuhla

Izinhlobo ze-Thyme njengamanje zitshalwa emazweni amaningi. Abasebenzisi be-Thyme banesifiso kulesi sitshalo kulezi zimfanelo ezilandelayo:

• njengomkhiqizo wokudla - njengesithako nokuvikelwa;
• ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha kanye ne-antiseptic;
• njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zomkhakha wezimonyo;
• ngezinhloso zobuchwepheshe - ukukhiqizwa kawoyela obalulekile;
• njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa - emibhedeni yezimbali, izingadi, iziza zomuntu.

Isitsha sezinhlanzi

Ekuphekeni

U-Thyme usebenzisa abapheki basekhaya ngokuzithokozisa:

1. Amahlumela amasha namaqabunga anika izitsha iphunga elithile elimnandi nokunambitheka okubabayo. Amacembe ahlanganisiwe noma amahlumela amasha abekwa kumasobho, amasaladi, ezitsheni zemifino, ukhukhamba kanye no-ukhukhamba.
2. Ngokuvamile, abapheki bathanda ukusebenza ngamahlumela asanda kukhiwa we-thyme, kodwa uma lokhu kungenzeki, ungasebenzisa futhi i-thyme eyomile. Ithisipuni lezinongo ezomile lizobuyisela esikhundleni esifanele isipuni se-thyme esanda kusikwa.

3. I-Thyme ilungele izitsha zenyama, ikakhulukazi ezinamafutha, ihamba kahle noshizi noshizi we-cottage, kanye nenkukhu nenhlanzi, igcizelela ngokuphelele ukunambitheka kwabo.

Ukulondolozwa

I-Thyme iyindawo yokulondolozwa kwemvelo enhle, ngakho-ke ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-marinade nezithasiselo zokudla, okungukuthi ukwelula impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo. Abesifazane abaningi basekhaya banezela i-thyme ku-kukhukhamba wamakhukhamba notamatisi - amaqabunga amasha e-thyme anikeza i-marinade ukunambitheka okukhethekile okukhethekile nokunuka iphunga. Bazimisele ukusebenzisa amaqabunga e-thymeaker yelamula - inani elincane lamaqabunga amasha linikeza isiphuzo ukunambitheka okukhethekile okuhlukile kanye nephunga likalamula.

Okwezimonyo

Izici ezizuzisayo ze-thyme ebalulekile zisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezimonyo. Amafutha e-Thyme anezelwa njengephunga lesethoyilethi lasendlini yangasese, ezindebeni zomlomo, okhweni, emazinyweni nasemikhiqizweni yokugeza. Amafutha abalulekile aqukethe amaqabunga neziqu ze-thyme, ngokusebenzisa ama-pores esikhumba azongena emzimbeni, ayipholise.

Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo

Ama-phytoncides esitshalo anomphumela omuhle emzimbeni womuntu, i-thyme inikezwe izakhiwo ze-antibacterial ne-antispasmodic. Emithini yendabuko, isetshenziswa ekwelapheni:

• umkhuhlane;
• isifo senhliziyo
• uhlelo lokuphefumula nolwezinzwa;
• ukuqwasha
• isifo se-peptic ulcer;
• Ubuhlungu besisu.

Ibuye ibe nomphumela we-diuretic and expectorant. Itiye elinamakhaza e-thyme, lithuthukisa imizwa, ikhulula ukukhathala kwasemini. Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, sebenzisa ama-infusions kanye nama-decoctions. Abaphilisi be-Folk bathatha kuphela ingxenye yomhlaba yesitshalo, ikakhulukazi ishiya namahlamvu agcwele uwoyela obalulekile. Amafutha aphathiswe izimfanelo eziphakeme kakhulu ze-antimicrobial and antifungal, asetshenziswa ngaphandle, asetshenziswa ku-aromatherapy. I-Thyme ikhishwa i-sputum futhi ikhuthaza ukukhwehlela okusheshayo. Ngokusho komthelela wokwelapha, uwoyela uqhudelana ngempumelelo nama-syrups abizayo kanye ne-potion.

Ukumenywa kweThiyme

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Thyme Ekhaya

I-Thyme izinhlobo ezinephunga elimnandi le-aureus, elibizwa nge-Aureus ngesiRussia, liya lithandwa kakhulu ngabathandi bezilwane abazalisayo ekhaya. I-shrub ngokwayo ayithobeki, ukutshala kwe-thyme okunephunga elimnandi nokunakekelwa kwezinhlobo zikalamusi akudingi mzamo omkhulu, izinzuzo zako zisobala.

I-Thyme iyisitshalo esingenakulibaleka, izizwa ikhululekile endaweni engaphakathi ekhaya. Uhlelo lwezimpande ze-thyme luhlobo lwe-overficial, ngakho-ke lungatshalwa ezimbizeni ezingashonile.

Ukulima i-thyme ekhaya akudingi izimo ezikhethekile zokuboshwa, akunzima ukuyinakekela. Lapho i-thyme isivele itshalwe ebhodweni, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kudinga kuphela ukuthobela imithetho embalwa elula ephathelene nokunikezwa:

• izinga lokushisa elidingekayo nomswakama;
• ukukhanyisa okugcwele;
• ukuchelela okufanele nokufafaza;
• ukwakhiwa komhlabathi okudingekayo nokugqoka okungaphezulu.

Ukushisa kanye nomswakama

Emvelweni wemvelo, i-thyme ayikhuli ezindaweni ezomile nezivulekile, ezifudumele ngokweqile yilanga elishisayo. Ezimweni zokutshala kwasekhaya lesi sitshalo sezipayisi, kunconywa izindlela ezilandelayo zokushisa nomswakama:

1. Izinga lokushisa elilungile li:

• ehlobo - kububanzi obuvela ku-18 kuya ku-22 degrees, ubuningi - ama-25 degrees .;
• ebusika - kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-13 degrees.

2. I-Thyme ayifuneki ikakhulukazi ngezinga lomswakama, i-70-80% empeleni "yanelisekile". Imvamisa, ipuleti lamanzi libekwa eduze kwembiza yezimbali ukuze umswakama oguqukayo usize ukugcina umswakama usezingeni elidingakalayo. Ukuze uthuthukise ukubukeka ehlobo, kunconywa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sifafazwa njalo noma kabili ngosuku ngamanzi avela kusibhamu esivamile sokufafaza. Isihlahla sizohlwayelwa kakhudlwana.

Thyme embizeni

Isibani

I-Thyme ilithanda kakhulu ilanga futhi ikhula emithambekeni yezintaba noma i-steppe expanses evulekele ukukhanya kwelanga. Efulethini udinga ukuhlinzeka ngemini okungenani amahora ayi-6 ngosuku. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kukhokhelwa ngama-fitolamp akhethekile. Emthunzini, isitshalo siyabuna, iziqu zelule, iphunga liyalahleka.

Ukunisela nokufafaza

I-Thyme ivumelaniswa nomhlaba owomileyo, ngakho-ke ukuthambisa ngokulinganayo kwanele kuye:

• ehlobo - nsuku zonke ezingxenyeni ezincane zamanzi athambile futhi avikelwe kahle, noma ngaphezulu kakhulu zonke izinsuku ezingama-3;
• enkathini yasekwindla-ebusika - kabili ngesonto.

Njengoba ukufaka amanzi kwenhlabathi kungathandeki kwi-thyme, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukufafaza nsuku zonke.

Ukugcotshwa kwenhlabathi nokuphezulu

I-Thyme ikhula kahle emhlabathini nenhlabathi elula. Lapho ukhula i-thyme ebhodweni elifakwa efasiteleni, kufakwa le nhlabathi elandelayo ngokutshala:

• uhlobo lomhlabathi othengwe "Yonke into ye-cacti" ngokufakwa kwenhlabathi emnyama ngokwesilinganiso se-1/3;
• ingxube yomhlaba yenhlabathi ehlanganiswe ne-1/3 yesihlabathi esihle;
• ingxube ye-peat, umhlaba we-turf nesihlabathi ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.

I-Thyme ingenza ngaphandle komanyolo owengeziwe, kepha uma ivundiswa kanye ngenyanga ngomanyolo owuketshezi, ngeke ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngamanani amancane wezakhiwo zamaminerali-organic kuyalulekwa izitshalo ezibuthakathaka kuphela.

Izimbali le-thyme egelezayo

Isikhathi sezimbali seThymus citriodorus sihlanganisa zonke izinyanga ezintathu zasehlobo. Izimbali ze-lemone thyme zohlobo olunezindebe ezimbili, i-corolla yazo ibonakala ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• umlomo omkhulu, onamazinyo amabili, ugobe;
• izindebe eziphansi zibanzi, namazinyo amathathu ngaphezulu, aboshwe kancane phansi.

Imbali ye-thyme enamabele amabili

Izimbali zesitshalo ziyi-nondescript futhi mncane, zipendiwe ngemithunzi ehlukene: ukusuka kumbala obomvana kuya kokuhlaza, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo. Izimbali ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence ayisiyingi akhiwe emaphethelweni esiqu. Izinkomishi ze-inflorescences zibunjiwe-yensimbi emincane. Ekwindla yokuqala, lapho kuvela ama-inflorescence anyamalale, kubhalwe amabhokisi amancane anezithelo ezine zezithelo ngakunye.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Thyme ngembewu

Ukusakazwa kwembewu kusetshenziswa lapho kudingekile ukuthola izithombo njengesixhobo sokutshala. Ungayikhulisa kanjani i-thyme ne-rosemary kusuka embewini ekhaya? Izazi zezimbali zincoma:

1. Uma udinga i-thyme ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wokuyitshala endaweni evulekile, khona-ke:

• kuyadingeka ukutshala imbewu ekhaya;
• isikhathi sokutshala sekwephuze ekwindla.

2. Uma isikhathi se shrub yezimbali singavikelekile, khona-ke ukutshala kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo zizoba nesikhathi sokukhula ziqine, kepha ziqhakaze kuphela ngonyaka olandelayo.

Ukukhetha kwenhlabathi yokutshala imbewu

Kungcono ukukhulisa imbewu ye-thyme engxenyeni yenhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo noma enhlabathini yokutshala i-cacti. Engxenyeni yenhlabathi elungiselelwe engeza izingxenye ezi-3 ze-chernozem.

Lapho usebenzisa inhlabathi yegadi, izingxenye ezilandelayo zengezwa kuyo ngezinga elincane:

• isihlabathi esihle somfula;
• umlotha;
• inhlabathi emnyama evundile.

Imithetho yokukhulisa imbewu ye-thyme ebhodweni

Kwisitjalo esinjenge-thyme, ukutshala ulamula imbewu embizeni kwenziwa ngokuya ngokulandelayo kwe-algorithm:

1. Kukhethwe imbiza yezimbali noma esinye isitsha esinobude obungeqi kuma-5 cm.

Izimbiza zokutshala imbewu

2. Phansi ebhodweni, kubekwa ungqimba obukhulu obuyi-1-3 cm, obekwe phakathi nendawo, obelwe indima yohlelo lokudonsa amanzi. Ubumba olwandisiwe, isaladi noma isitini esibomvu esichotshovu sivunyelwe. Umgodi wokudonsa amanzi kufanele uvumele ngokukhululekile amanzi amaningi ukuba adlule futhi angaxini nomhlabathi.
3. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi okulungiselelwe kuthelelwa ebhodweni bese kuhlanganiswa.
4. Imbewu yezitshalo itshaliwe. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imbewu ye-thyme incane kakhulu ukuthi ukuhlwanyela imbewu inhlabathi eyalungiswa ngasikhathi sinye kuyinto engenangqondo. Zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phezu kwenhlabathi embozwe futhi zifafazwe ngesendlalelo somhlaba kuze kube yi-1 cm obukhulu.
5. Ngaphambi kokuvela kwezithombo zokuqala, umhlaba uvuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza, uqiniseke ukuthi inhlabathi ihlala inomswakama.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona nge-thyme ekhulayo

Lapho kutshalwa izitshalo ngaphansi kwezimo zezindlu, ukulingisa okugcwele kwezimo zemvelo ezikhula kuzo kuyavela. Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nalemfuneko kuholela emiphumeleni edabukisayo yesitshalo. Ngokutshala i-thyme, ukutshala ulamula walesi sitshalo kungahle kuhambisane nezinkinga ezilandelayo, okuyizona eziyinhloko:

1. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya, okuholela ekuthini izimbali zezimbali ziphoqelelwe ukufinyelela. Amahlamvu esihlahla avele acwebe. Isikhalazo sobuhle besihlahla silahlekile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesisindo seqabunga elinamanzi.
2. Ukubekwa kwamanzi kwenhlabathi, okuholela ezifweni zezitshalo.
3. Ukungahambisani nombuso wokushisa. Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla, i-thermophilic thyme iyafa.

Isifo se-Thyme

I-Thyme isengozini yezifo zokukhunta ezithinta izinhlelo zasemoyeni nezimpande zesihlahlana.

Izingxenye zezindiza ze-thyme

Isifo esijwayelekile kakhulu se-thyme esakhula enhlabathini evulekile yengadi ukugqwala kubangelwa ukugqwala. Ukugqwala kuthinta izingxenye zasemoyeni ze-thyme: amaqabunga kanye namahlumela. Ehlathini eligulisayo, inqubo ye-photosynthesis iyaphazamiseka, amahlamvu alahlekelwa umswakama, ukukhula kuncipha kakhulu. Uma ungalwi nalesi sifo, isikhunta leso sizosabalala kuso sonke lesi sitshalo, okuzoholela ekumeni nasekufeni. Isici esiyingqayizivele sokugqwala ubukhona ezindaweni ezithintekile ze-oval pustule ebomvu (tubercles-vesicles), lapho inhlamvu yesikhunta ivuthwa. Lapho kuqhekeka amagobolondo kusuka kuma-pustule, izinhlamvu ziyaphuma ziye emvelweni. Ngaphandle, kufana nokugqwala okuhlukaniswe kahle.

I-Thyme, ekhula esimweni sokuhlala, ayitholi ukugqwala. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho, ngemuva kokubeka kuvulandi eduze ne-thyme enempilo isitshalo esinezifo esilethwe engadini, ukutheleleka kokugqwala kudlulela kuyo.

Thyme

Uhlelo lwe-Thyme Root

Izinhlobo eziyishumi nambili zesikhunta zingabameli be-causative ye-rot bola ye-thyme, umphumela wazo oku:

• ukubola kwezimpande zesitshalo;
• ukubuna kwengxenye ye-a emoyeni nokufa okulandelayo kwesitshalo.

Ukubola kwezimpande kuyingozi ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke i-thyme, ekhula emhlabathini ovulekile, naku-shrub yasekhaya, ngoba ukugcwala ngokweqile komswakama kanye nokushisa okudlula ama-degree angama-20-25 kuyizimo ezinhle zokukhula nokukhiqizwa okuthe xaxa kwezifo zokukhunta.

Izilokazane zeThiyme

Izilokazane zasengadini azikwazi ukubekezelela iphunga lommbila le-thyme. Noma kunjalo buthaka isihlahla ukulimala kubangelwa yilezi zinambuzane ezilandelayo:

• Ama-aphid adla ijusi leqabunga;
• I-sand lag ishaya phansi;
• I-weevil, ibeka izibungu zayo ngezimbali futhi idle nemiqumbe;
• Inundu elifudlayo elinamacimbi adla iqabunga le-thyme;

Mebele Inundu

• Isimila sesicabucabu, esigoqana ne-cobweb zonke izingxenye zesitshalo.Ama-mite atholakalayo ayakwazi ukusheshe aqhume imifino yesihlahla sonke.

Lokhu ku-thyme yasendle kubukeka njengesihlahla sobala. Ngemizamo yabalimi, abalimi, izinhlobo eziningi ze-thyme zabonakala ngombala wokuqala wamaqabunga nezimbali. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-thyme yengadi igcine zonke izimfanelo zayo eziwusizo, ukuba ngudokotela wasekhaya, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha, nodokotela wezitho zokugcoba.