Emashumini eminyaka edlule, izihlahla zesundu zaqala ukuthandwa phakathi kwabalandeli bokuhlobisa amakhaya abo nezitshalo ezingafani nezinye. Ubuhle obukhulu bezindawo ezishisayo buguqula igumbi bese kukhumbuza ugu lolwandle, ukuvumelana nokuzilibazisa. Ungazikhetha ongakhetha kuzo ezinamathela nezisodwa. Izinhlobonhlobo zemidwebo yamaqabunga izokuvumela ukuthi uthole okuthandayo kusuka kunombolo enkulu yezinketho.
Ungayinakekela kanjani intende yesundu ekhaya
Abahlonishwa abaningi bezitshalo ezinkulu baziphika ngokwabo injabulo yokuhlala ubuhle baseningizimu efulethini, ngoba abazi ukuthi banakekele kanjani isundu. Kukhona nombono wokuthi izihlahla zesundu zikhula kuphela kulezo zindlu lapho umniniyo enesandla "esikhanyayo". Noma kunjalo, ukukhathazeka akunasisekelo, kulula kakhulu ukugcina isihlahla sesundu.
Umuthi wesundu
Kuyathakazelisa. Iningi labaninizi balezi zitshalo “bazibeka” kude nezinye izimbali, endaweni ethile ekhoneni lekamelo, lokhu kulungile. Izihlahla zesundu azithandi ukusondela. Kubo, umqondo wesikhala nomoya omningi ojikelezile kubalulekile.
Zikhula kahle ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo ezinendawo yokugcina impahla enophahla ophakeme nendawo eningi yazo zonke izimbali.
Ukukhetha isiza, izinga lokushisa nokukhanya
Umkhuba onembile wokubeka umuthi wesundu ekhoneni elingenalutho unengqondo, ikakhulukazi uma ukhanyiswa ngemini yemvelo ngewindi usuku lonke. Uhlangothi lwegumbi, kanye nekhona elingafakwanga, alifaneleki ukubeka imbiza, ngoba ukungabi nalutho kuzoliphazamisa kabi izinga le-photosynthesis, okuchaza umbala wamahlamvu. Ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla zesundu ziyakwazi ukuhlala emthunzini, kanti eziningi zimane zife noma ziyeke ukukhula kwazo.
Ukubeka kude nezitshalo
Ngisho nasezimweni ezinjalo ezimelana nokuntuleka kokukhanya, amaqabunga aqothuka kakhulu, nosayizi bawo ancipha.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Lapho isihlahla sesundu sikhula endaweni yemvelo, sinomswakama impela futhi sifudumele. Ngakho-ke, kufanele iniselwe ukuze inhlabathi embizeni ihlale inomswakama, kodwa ingabi namanzi.
Ukunaka! Isimo sezwe esisebhodweni akufanele sifane nexhaphozi. Uma amanzi ehlala ebusweni benhlabathi futhi ephenduka izimbotshana, umhlaba onjalo awulungele isihlahla sesundu, udinga ukuguqula inhlabathi, ukhwabanise imbiza uyihlomise ngepallet.
Njengoba ezinyangeni zasehlobo lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa okuningi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye sesaba ukugwazeka kwamanzi, kuyadingeka ukusinikeza ngomthamo ozoqoqa umswakama ngokweqile. Ipani lokujula liyadingeka futhi ukuze amanzi aqoqwe kuwo aphume ngenkathi yokushisa, anikeze umswakama eduze kwesihlahla sesundu.
Ebusika, inani lokunisela kufanele lehliswe uma igumbi liba lipholile futhi licwilisa. Ezimweni lapho ikhwalithi yokufudumala ingakwazi ukubhekana nokushisa kwamakamelo ngenhla kwe + 22˚C, inani lokunisela akufanele lincishiswe, ngoba i-microclimate iqhathaniswa namanani ehlobo.
Kubalulekile! Okuhlukile kukhona iWashingtonia neBrahea, okubalulekile kuye ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ebusika ku- + 10˚C.
Isitshalo sithanda umoya omswakama, siphefumula ngokusebenzisa indawo enkulu enamaqabunga awo. Ukuze isundu lithole umoya owanele kanye nomswakama ovela emvelweni, kunconywa ukufafaza yonke imifino nsuku zonke. Ezikhathini lapho umswakama wegumbi uphenduka umanzi, asikho isidingo sokuthambisa isitshalo ngokungezelelweyo (imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka entwasahlobo nasekwindla, lapho ukushisa kungavulwanga (noma sekuvaliwe), futhi emgwaqweni izinga lokushisa alikhuphuki ngenhla kwe + 13 ° C).
Ukukhetha komhlaba
Izihlahla zesundu zikhula kahle ezindaweni ezingaphefumuli kalula, ezingasho ukuthi zidlula, okusho ukuthi zedlula ngokukhululekile zingene namanzi ephaketheni. Ukunakekelwa kwesundu okufanele ekhaya kuqala ngokwakhiwa kwe-substrate. Akunasidingo sokufuna ngokuzimela izakhi zenhlabathi efanele, ukukala inani lezinto bese uzixova. Izitolo eziningi zezimbali zithengisa izingxube zomhlabathi ezenziwe ngomumo zezihlahla zesundu. Zikhona kuwo wonke amabanga futhi zikulungele ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa.
Ukunaka! Ngaphambi kokutshala isihlahla sesundu ebhodweni, udinga ukumboza phansi nge-drainage, ezosusa umswakama owedlule ezimpandeni.
Ukudonswa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele
Uma ufuna ukulungiselela inhlabathi ngokuzimela isilwane esishisayo, ungasebenzisa lokhu okulandelayo:
- 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi;
- 2 izingxenye zomhlaba ovundile;
- 1 ingxenye humus.
Umanyolo nokufaka umquba
Awudingi nje ukondla noma ukuthutha intende esanda kuthengwa ngezinsuku eziyi-14 zokuqala. Isitshalo sidinga ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, ungafaka umanyolo ngemuva kokuthambisa inhlabathi.
Izihlahla zesundu zithanda izinto eziphilayo ezisuselwa kwinqubo yokubola kwesitshalo, efana nenqubo yemvelo eyenzeka ezindaweni ezingamakhilomitha ezingaphansi komhlaba omkhulu waseNingizimu Melika, kanye naseziqhingini nasezindaweni ezishisayo, lapho izitshalo eziluhlaza eziwile zimboza inhlabathi, zibola futhi ziba ngumanyolo wemvelo.
Abalimi abaningi bezimbali bancoma ukufaka ofaka ezitsheni ezinkulu ezinkingeni yenkomo noma yezinyoni, ukuyigcina izinsuku ezingama-5-7, ukuhlunga nokufaka umanyolo ngalesi sixazululo sezihlahla zesundu. Indlela yokondla iyasebenza, kepha kufanele wenzeni umhlali wedolobha ofuna ukondla isundu sakhe futhi akazi ukuthi uzowuthola kuphi ubulongwe bezinkomo? Kukhona ikhambi.
Izitolo zezimbali zanamuhla zithengisa imidwebo yenkukhu ngohlobo lwama-pellets anganephunga futhi kubukeka njengama-sawdust acindezelwe. Zinhle ukondla imihlobiso eluhlaza ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo - kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe. Abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene bomanyolo batusa imithamo yabo yokuzalanisa. Ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa, kuyadingeka ukuthi ujwayele ulwazi olukuphakeji futhi ulandele izincomo ezitholakele.
Izimbangela zokulimala kwamaqabunga nezindlela zokwelashwa
Ukuziqhenya kwazo zonke izintende ngamahlamvu awo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukubukeka kokuluhlaza kubonakalisa ukwehla, abomama baqala ukuhlaziya lesi simo befuna impendulo yombuzo wokuthi kungani amacembe aseduze kwesihlahla sesundu eqala kuphuzi.
Amaqabunga aphuzi
Kunesizathu sokuzalwa esingahambisani nokugula noma ukunakekelwa okungafanele - amaqabunga amadala ayoma afe, futhi amasha akhula ngasikhathi sinye. Le yinqubo yemvelo. Ukuze ulondoloze ukubukeka okuhle, unganciphisa isimo sombala.
Ukuphuzi kanye nokomisa amathiphu amaqabunga
Lapho amathiphu aphuzi eqala ukuvela enanini elikhulu lamaqabunga, kufanelekile ukufuna isizathu ezimeni zokulungiswa kwezitshalo. Ukunakekela umuthi wesundu ekhaya kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi akukho okusalungiswa.
Abalimi bezimbali abaqala ngokuvamile ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokweqile kwezitshalo zigcwalisa ubuhle basendaweni eshisayo, besaba ukuthi kuzomiswa umhlabathi. Izimpande zePalm zikuthanda ngokweqiniso umswakama, kepha ngasikhathi sinye esaba ukubhukuda, ngakho-ke ekubonisweni kokuqala kwamathiphu amahlamvu ophuzi, kufanele uhlaziye umbuso wokunisela.
Umoya owomile futhi ovalelekile ngaphakathi ungonakalisa amaqabunga esundu. Uma kungekho umswakama womoya, ukufafaza njalo kwamahlamvu ngamanzi athambile kubalulekile. Kanye ngesonto, uma kungenzeka, lesi sitshalo singagezwa ngokusisusa emafutheni othuli aphazamisa ukuphefumula.
I-plaque emhlophe emaqabungeni
Isizathu esivame kakhulu nesiphephe kunazo zonke sokubukeka kwe-plaque emhlophe emaqabunga ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kanzima. Umswakama ovela ebusweni uyahwamuka, futhi kuhlala kufakwe i-lime noma usawoti bese kuvala izinsalela zesitshalo, kubhebhethekisa isimo saso. Uma amanzi alukhuni egeleza emthonjeni wamanzi, kufanele uvikeleke ngokunisela kanye nokufafaza izihlahla zesundu. Kuzofanele wenze ibhakede elihlukile lapho kuzohlala khona amanzi ompompi, lapho i-chlorine izophuma khona, nokungcola kuhlale phansi.
I-plaque emhlophe evela ku-fungus
Isizathu sesibili sokubonakala kwe-plaque emhlophe esihlahleni sesundu ukutheleleka kwesikhunta. Ikhula ngomswakama omningi emoyeni, okungukuthi, lapho igumbi lipholile futhi linomswakama. Ukuze uvikele ukutheleleka ngesikhunta, esikhathini esingaphandle kwesizini, izintende azifafazwe.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe. Ungaqeda ukutheleleka okutholakele ngokwelapha ngama-fungicides kanye nokugawula amaqabunga athelelekile.
Imiyalezo yokusakazeka kwentende
Indlela yokwandiswa kwesihlahla sesundu incike ohlotsheni lwayo. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezikhiqiza imbewu zingamiliselwa ngokwemvelo - kusuka ezinhlanyelweni nasembewu. Izinhlobo ezingekho-eziqhakaza zisakazeka ngokusakazeka.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
Abalimi abaningi bafuna ukwazi ukuthi umuthi wesundu usakazeka kanjani ngokuhlaza, uma kuvame ukuba nesiqu esisodwa. Ngisho nesitshalo esinjalo singandiswa ngokutshalwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukusika ingxenye engenhla yehlumela, ukuhlukanisa phansi kwesiqu esiphumela emaqabunga. Beka ihlumela ebhodweni nge-substrate evundile, moisten bese ugcine emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Ukusheshisa inqubo yokubhula kwezingcambu, ungakha abamba ukushisa ngokumboza isitshalo ngembiza yengilazi noma ifilimu. Ngemuva kokuba izimpande zivele, okuluhlaza okotshani kuyahlukaniswa.
Ukukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni noma ezinhlanyelweni
Ukutshala umuthi wesundu omusha kulula kusuka kwimbewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, akudingekile ukulinda ukuthi isithombo esidala somakhelwane siqhume - imbewu nembewu zithengiswa ezitolo zezimbali. Kuzokwazi ukusabalalisa isundu kuphela kusuka ezintweni zokutshala ezintsha, ngakho-ke kufanele unake nakanjani ukuthi unyaka wokupakisha uboniswe kuphi - uma sekudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili, kungcono ukwenqaba isethi enjalo.
Ukuvuthwa kwembewu
Ungakhula kanjani umuthi wesundu kusuka imbewu, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo:
- Dala ngokucophelela ulwelwesi olubucayi lwethambo noma imbewu ngaphandle kokulimaza i-nucleus.
- Faka imbewu emanzini afudumele.
- Lindela ukuvuvukala kwembewu, ukukhulisa iphesenti lokuhluma, ukuguqula amanzi isikhathi esingu-1 ngosuku.
- Gxilisa imbewu evuvukile ku-substrate evundile, uthele, umboze ngefilimu.
- Ngemuva kokuhluma, ifilimu lingasuswa.
Ukunaka! Imbewu yesundu imila okwesikhathi eside, awudingi ukulahla izinto ezibonakalayo uma ingakaqhumi ngisho enyangeni.
Ongakukhetha: imbiza noma ishubhu
Imbiza yesundu, njengakwezinye izitshalo, kungcono ukuyithatha ezintweni zemvelo. Umthamo onjalo uzovumela izimpande ukuthi ziphefumule, ngeke zidale izimo zokubonakala kokubola.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe. Uma imbiza isivele ithengiwe futhi ipulasitiki, kufanele ungayiqedi, ngoba ungathathela intende kuyo. Kulokhu, kufanele ukhulule umhlabathi njalo, unikeze ukushintshana komoya ngezimpande ukuze udlule umhlangano nesikhunta.
Ishubhu elikhulu lokhuni lilungele isitshalo esidala, ungatshala umthi wesundu kulo, osendaweni yalo yangaphambili. Kodwa-ke, ukufakelwa kwezitshalo ezincane kufanele kwenzeke ezitsheni ezihambelana nosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande.
Ukuthola umuthi wesundu egumbini akuyona into enhle kuphela, kodwa futhi kuwusizo. Ivuselela ngokuphelele ukwakheka komoya, ikucebise nge-oksijini, ukubukeka kwayo kukhumbuza ukuphumula nokungabikhona ngokuphelele kwezinkathazo. Ezinye izinhlobo zezintende ezinamathela zingatshalwa ezimbizeni eziningana bese zithola ihlathi lemvula elizonikeza ingaphakathi ukubukeka okusha futhi lazise abanini ngokubonakala kwazo uma umoya osekamelweni uqala ukoma.
