Utamatisi - imifino eyintandokazi kakhulu, efanelekayo ngokusetshenziswa okusha, kanye namalungiselelo ebusika. Isifiso sabalimi ukuba sikhule njengothile ngangokunokwenzeka siyaqondakala. ukuvuna
Ukufeza le njongo, kufanele usebenze kanzima. Inselelo - ukukhulisa izithelo eziningi, hhayi isihlahla esihle esihle. Ngakho-ke, cishe zonke utamatisi zidinga pasynkovanie.
Kuyini i-pasynkovanie futhi kungani kuyadingeka?
Inqubo yokukhipha ama-germs abizwa ngokuthi ukulala. Ukususa, usiza isitshalo ukuqondisa wonke amajusi ekubunjweni nasekuvuthweni kwezithelo. Mane nje, ungayinaki le nqubo, usengozini yokushiywa ngaphandle kwesitshalo. Ukutshala izihlahla, kanye nama-tomato ku-greenhouse, kuzokusiza ukukhulisa isikhathi se-fruiting, ukwandisa isivuno endaweni ngayinye, thola isivuno sokuqala.
Cishe zonke izinhlobo utamatisi ukubiza okudingekayo. Okuhlukile yizinhlobo ezijwayelekile - uhlobo oluthile lokunquma.
Yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-tomato yabavila. Abadingi ukwakheka kwesihlahla, noma ukuhlanganisa, noma pasynkovanie.
Zine-short cm kuya ku-50 cm - isiqu esinamandla esiqinile futhi ukukhula kwabo kunqunyelwe ekubunjweni kwemibhoshongo ehlwanyela engu-3-5.
Zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele, lapho zizoba khona isikhathi sokukhiqiza izithelo zokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe.
Leaf noma i-stepon?
Indlela yokwahlukanisa ishidi kusuka ku-stepon? Kulabo abasanda kuqala ukutshala utamatisi, lokhu akuwona umbuzo ongenalutho. I-stepon ihlala ikhula esihlalweni seqabunga, okungukuthi, iqabunga liqala ukukhula, futhi i-shootal lateral, i-stepon, iqala ukwelula ngaphezulu.
Eqinisweni, zikhula kusuka endaweni eyodwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuphumula hhayi okungezansi, kodwa ihlumela elingenhla.
Isithombe
Esithombeni esingezansi ungabona ukuthi utamatisi wezinyathelo ku-greenhouse ngokufanele:
Isikhathi se-Pasynkov
Ukuqala sidinga nini i-stepon yokuqala izokwakhiwa ngaphansi kwesibhamu sokuqala. Ungamvumeli ukuba akhule ngaphezu kuka-5 cm, kungenjalo uzoba nesikhathi sokuthatha ukudla okuyigugu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isinyathelo sokukhula esikhulile sikhukhume ngaphandle kokulimaza isiqu, futhi lokhu kungabangela isifo se-bush. Ukuze ungaphuthelwa ukubukeka kwayo, utamatisi kufanele uhlolwe njalo.
Ukubamba kahle kuhle kwenziwe ekuseni kakhulu nge-umoya omuhle kanye nokukhanya kwemvelo. Isimo sezulu kufanele sishise futhi somile. Njalo uqale ngezinhlahla eziqine futhi ezinempilo kakhulu.
Ihlathi eliphansi noma elisolakala ukuthi yiliphi ikhefu lokunqotshwa ekugcineni. Imvamisa enhle yokususwa kwezinyathelo zesikhashana yisikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10.
Indlela yokuchofoza?
Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa ithuluzi lokususa amahlumela ohlangothini. Lokhu kungabangela izifo ezibangelwa igciwane lesandulela ngculazi. Masking senziwe kuphela ngesandla. Kwabaningi, kuphakama umbuzo: indlela yokuqeda izingane zokutholwa ezivela utamatisi endaweni yokushisa?
Njengoba uthathe ihlumela elivela phezulu ngenweba iminwe emibili, udinga nje ukuyiqeda. Qinisekisa ukuthi ushiya isitshalo kuze kube ngu-3 cm ubude, khona-ke kuleli phuzu i-stepon entsha ngeke ivele. Ngaphandle kwalokho angeke akwazi ukudonsa phansi phansi, ezama ukumbhidliza. Ngakho ungaqeda ingxenye yesitshalo bese ubangela umonakalo omkhulu esihlahleni.
Kubalulekile! Ukunamathisela i-scion, qinisekisa ukuthi ijusi yesitshalo asiwi ezandleni zakhe. Kungenxa yakhe ukuthi izifo ezithathwa ngokuthi "utamatisi" zidluliselwa kusuka kwesitshalo esisodwa kuya kwesinye.
Utamatisi ekwakhekeni kwamahlathi okushisa
Ekubunjweni kwesihlahla udinga zonke izinhlobo utamatisi. Kuye ngenhloso, isihlahla sakhiwa sibe sesinye, iziqu ezimbili noma ezintathu. Ukutshala utamatisi ohlelweni lokushisa:
Ukufometha kwisiteji esingu-1
Endaweni yokushisa, kungcono ukwakha utamatisi ku-1 stalk. Ngeke kube khona ukuqina kwamagatsha angadingekile, okuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukungena kahle nokukhanya phakathi kwehlathi kuyawuqinisekisa kahle.
Uhlelo lokubunjwa lulandelayo: ngokushesha nje lapho ibhulashi lokuqala eliqhamukayo liye lavela, i-stepon iqala ukukhula ngaphansi kwayo. Kumelwe kususwe ngokushesha.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaqabunga aphansi kufanele asuswe, asevele edlala indima yawo futhi isitshalo asisadingeki. Ukususa amaqabunga aphansi kuzothuthukisa umoya omuhle wezitshalo ezingezansi.
Esikhathini esizayo, ngokungahambisani nokuhlukumeza zonke izinqubo ze-lateral ezizovela esiteshini, zishiya amabhulashi kuphela ezimbali. Ngokwakheka okunjalo, i-shrub ingaveza kuze kufinyelele ku-50 fruiting izandla. Ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla ku-1 stem kuzokwandisa isikhathi se-fruiting.
Ukufometha ema-stalks amabili
Ezingxenyeni ezimbili Isihlahla sakhiwa ngalendlela elandelayo: shiya eyodwa kuphela, isinyana esinamandla kunazo zonke, esitholakala ngaphansi kwesibhamu sokuqala semifula.
Wonke amaqabunga kanye namacembe ohlangothini okhula ngezansi asuswe. Phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokukhula kwamantombazane abatamatisi abaphumula njalo.
Ukufometha ema-stalks amathathu
Emaphethini amathathu Isihlahla sakhiwa ngokususa bonke abantwana ababili. Owokuqala utholakala ngaphansi kwesibhamu sokuqala, okwesibili, njengombuso, ukhula ngaphezu kwe-stepon yokuqala.
Izici zokwakhiwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zezamatamatisi
Zonke utamatisi zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezintathu - okuyi-determinant, i-semi-determinant kanye ne-indeterminant. Izinhlobo ze-Determinantal ziqedile ukukhula kwazo ngemuva kokubeka amabhulashi angu-4-5. Izinhlobo ezinemiqondo enqunyiwe zingagcwaliswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi zingaqhubeka zikhula. Izinhlobo ezingenakuqhathaniswa zinokukhula okungenamkhawulo.
Ukwakhiwa kwezinhlobo ezingapheliyo
Izinhlobo ezinjalo zihlala njalo zi-1 stem. Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukwakha iziqu ezimbili ukwandisa isivuno sabo. Kodwa lokhu kukhetha wonke umuntu. 
Ukwakhiwa okungenakulinganiswa emahlathini amabili kulungiswa ezindaweni zokugcina zokugcina izithombo, lapho utamatisi ohlahleni ungatshala khona kude kakhulu komunye nomunye, ukuze bathole ukukhanya okwanele.
Isiqu sesibili sakhiwa kusukela kumntwana okhulayo ngaphansi kwesibhamu sokuqala, futhi akukho namabhulashi angaphezu kwama-4-5 asele kuwo. Amahlumela asele asusiwe.
Ukubunjwa kwezinhlobo ezinqunyelwe ukuhamba
Kunzima ukuqagela ukuthi lesi sitshalo sizoyeka ukukhula kwayo emva kokwakhiwa kwezandla eziningana ze-fruiting noma cha.
Ngakho-ke, njalo kuhlanganiswa okwesibili, isiqephu spare. Uma okuyinhloko kuqedile, isipele sizonikeza imiphumela.
Esikhathini esizayo, uma i-stem eyinhloko ingagcwaliswa ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwezibhamu eziyi-6-8, i-stem esele ingasuswa ngokucophelela ukuze ingadli ukudla.
Ukwakhiwa kwezinhlobo ezicacile
Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima izinhlobo ezinquma ungafaki nhlobo. Kodwa uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno sokuqala kubo, isihlahla singenziwa sibe yi-1 stem.
Ukwenza lokhu, shiya okungaphezu kwama-inflorescence angu-4, bonke abanye basuswa kanye nezinyathelo. Ngaphezulu kwe-inflorescence ephezulu ushiye amaqabunga ambalwa bese uphahla indawo yokukhula yesitshalo.
Kulesi simo, isivuno singasuswa amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokujwayelekile. Izincomo ekubunjweni kwezinhlobonhlobo ezicacile zikhonjiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi kwiphakheji ngembewu.
Ngaphandle komsebenzi, akunakwenzeka ukutshala isivuno esihle. Ngakho-ke, akufanele sikhohlwe inqubo enjengokunakekela utamatisi ku-pasynkovanie yokushisa. Umsebenzi wakho uzokhokha ngenzalo uma ubusika uzojabula ukuvula amathini ngamabhantsheni akheniwe.
