Ngokuvamile kukhona abantu abangathandi ama cherry amnandi. Lokhu kungenye yamajikijolo athandwa kakhulu, okuye kwahlonywa eYurophu nase-Asia iminyaka embalwa.
Kunezinkulungwane eziningana zezinhlobo ze-cherry. Cabangela ngokuningiliziwe ibanga elithi "Napoleon black."
Mayelana nokuzalanisa
Sweet cherry kungokwalabo izithelo zasendulo izitshalo. Indawo yase-Asia. Kodwa le berry yafika eYurophu isikhathi eside, ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sethu. Engxenyeni ye-Ukraine ne-Russia, ama-cherries asetshalwe kusukela ezikhathini ze-Kievan Rus. 
Abalimi baseJalimane abahlanganyela ekukhethweni kwama cherry amnandi kusukela ekhulwini le-XVIII. I-Napoleon emnyama ingenye yezinhlobo ezindala kunazo zonke ezavulwa eNtshonalanga Yurophu ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Emasimini aseSoviet Union ayelokhu etshalwa kusukela ngawo-1930. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha nezinhlamvu. Kodwa "i-Napoleon emnyama" ayishiyi isikhundla sayo, njengoba inezici ezimangalisayo.
Uyazi? Ngokokuqala ngqa, uTeofrast, isazi sasendulo sesiGreki sekhulu le-4 BC, ukhuluma ngama-cherries emsebenzini wakhe. Futhi ekhulwini lokuqala AD Isazi-mlando saseRoma uPliny usubhala kakade ngezinhlobo eziyishumi ze-cherry enhle, eyaziwa eRoma.
Incazelo kanye nezici
Izihlahla ze-cherry azinikezi abanikazi abanomusa kuphela ngokukhululekile, kepha zingahlobisa noma yiliphi ingadi. Zibukeka zihle kakhulu ngesikhathi sezimbali kanye ne-fruiting.
Izinkuni
Isihlahla "seNapoleonic" sikhula sikhulu (5-6 m). Ikhula ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuqala ukuthela izithelo. I-Cherry bark ihluke kumbala we-cherry: kukhanya kakhulu. Amagatsha amancane ahlanganiswe namahlamvu aminyene amahle omqhele omqhele. Amaqabunga akhulu, ahlangene, ngetipho elibukhali, obumnyama obumbala. Izimbali ezimhlophe ziqhakaza emagatsheni asezimbali, zihlangene ku-inflorescences ngezinto ezingu-2-3. 
Izithelo
"I-Napoleon Emnyama" ingenye ye Izinhlobo ze-BigarroIzithelo zazo ezihlukaniswa ngamacu aminyene, angatholakali kuma-compotes nokulondolozwa, futhi agcinwa isikhathi eside. Njengamanye ama-bigarros, ama cherries omnyama aseNapoleon aqinile, aqinile futhi anzima kakhulu. Zikhulu kakhulu, zilinganisa 6-7 g.
Isikhumba sinyene futhi sinyene, asiphuli. Ngaphakathi kwethambo lifihliwe ngesimo seqanda eliveziwe, ubukhulu buphakathi, futhi isisindo singamaphesenti angama-6.5% esisindo seseberry. Ukuma amajikijolo akusiyo nxazonke, kodwa kunesimo senhliziyo. Umbala wesikhumba, njenge-pulp, i-ruby emnyama, ngezinye izikhathi ivela emnyama. Amajikijolo ayinambitheka kakhulu, enomsoco omnandi, omuncu futhi omuncu.
Funda futhi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zama cherry amnyama: "Farewell", "Astakhova ozithandayo", "Adeline", "Ovstuzhenka".
Ezinye izici ezihlukahlukene
Ukukhula ama cherry omnyama "Napoleon" kufanele kufane nezinye izinhlobo. Kodwa izici zayo ezihlukile ziyakuthinta ukunakekelwa nokuvuna.
Ubusika obunzima nokuphikiswa kwezifo
Ama-cherry amnandi ngokwawo angama-thermophilic. I-Napoleon emnyama ayinjalo. Isilinganiso sokumelana nesithwathwa. Ivele isinde kalula ezimweni zasebusika zase-Ukraine ngeqhwa kuze kube ku -30 ° ะก. Ngakho-ke, ayikho imingcele yendawo e-Ukraine. 
Futhi eRussia ingasinda kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu.
"I-Napoleon" imelana nezifo eziningi. Kodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali, usengagula nge-moniliasis, coccomycosis nokubola kwezithelo. Kukhona usongo kusuka ezinambuzane ezinjalo: i-cherry fly, i-aphid, i-fly-eating fly, i-cherry indlovu.
Ukuvikelwa ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni yi-prophylactic ukusetshenziswa kwamafungicide nezinambuzane ezigaba ezihlukahlukene zokuthuthukiswa komuthi: ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ukuphumula imbali, ekupheleni kwezimbali, ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezithelo nangemva kokuvuna.
Abavolontiya
"I-Napoleon emnyama" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zama-cherry amnandi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke kube khona izithelo emthini noma kuzoboshwa, kodwa bambalwa, ngaphandle kwempova. Ukuze uthole isivuno esiphezulu udinga ukusihlwanyela kanye ne-pollinator, okungukuthi, i-cherry yezinye izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, eziqhakaza ngesikhathi esifanayo ne "Napoleon". Asikho isidingo sokutshala umuthi wempova uma isihlahla esivele sifanelekile kule ndima sesivele sakhula esiqhingini esiseduze. I-pollinators ehamba phambili ngokuba i-cherry black "Napoleon black" yilezi: "Valeriy Chkalov", "Cassini ekuqaleni", "Jabule", "Drogan yellow", "Uphawu lokuqala". 
Isikhathi sokuvuna nokukhiqiza
Umuthi omncane uqala ukuthela izithelo unyaka wesine ngemuva kokufika. Nakuba "i-Napoleon" iqhuma ekuqaleni (ekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli), kodwa amajikijolo avuthwa kuphela ehlobo (kuqala kuya kweshumi leminyaka kaJuni). Ngakho-ke, libhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry zasekupheleni). Lokhu kulula kakhulu, ngoba i-cherry ye-Napoleon iyavuthwa ngesikhathi lapho ezinye izinhlobo zisuke zithutha. I-Napoleon inomkhiqizo ophakeme: umuthi owodwa ungakhipha izithelo ezingu-20-50 zezithelo ngesikhathi ngasinye.
Uyazi? Ama Cherries eRoma lasendulo ayebizwa ngokuthi ama-cherries e-bird. Mhlawumbe ngoba ayithandwa ngabantu kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinyoni. Futhi mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi, ngokusho komlando, ama-cherry avela eYurophu ngokuqondile ngenxa yezinyoni ezaletha amatshe angama-cherry lapho.
Ukuthutha
Ukuthuthwa okuhle kubhekisela ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene ze "Napoleon Black". Ngenxa yesikhumba esinyene nesikhumba esinyene, amajikijolo angathathwa ngamabanga amade. Noma kunjalo, abalahlekelwa isethulo, balondoloze ukuma kwabo nokunambitha.
Enye ubuhle bezinhlobonhlobo ukugcina okuhle izinga lezithelo. Endaweni epholile (i-cellar noma isiqandisisi), ama cherry angagcinwa amasonto amabili. Ezingeni lokushisa elifanelekile, lihlala lihlanzekile isikhathi eside futhi alihloli. 
Isiqondiso
Ama-cherries omnyama "i-Napoleon" ahlanzekile kakhulu. Abadlali bawazisa kakhulu ukunambitheka kwabo (4.9 amaphuzu avela ku-5). Amajikijolo ayadliwa hhayi nje kuphela.
Seluleka ukuba ufunde ngezakhiwo ezizuzisayo zama cherry kanye nokulungiselela amajikijolo ebusika: i-cherry jam emhlophe, i-jam nezingulube.
Zisetshenziswa ngezindlela ezihlukile:
- Ekuphekeni. Amajikijolo aminyene angatholi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa. Ngakho-ke, ziyi-compotes ezilungiselelwe, izijamu, ama-jellies, izithelo ezifakiwe kanye nokheniwe. Zomile futhi ziqhwa.
- Ukudla okunomsoco. I-Low-khalori cherry amajikijolo (50 kcal nge-100 g). Zifakiwe ekudleni kokulahlekelwa isisindo.
- Emithi yokwelapha amajikijolo asetshenziselwa (fresh and omisiwe), iziqu, amaqabunga nezimbali. Zinezinto eziningi eziwusizo: ziqinisa, i-anesthetize, ithoni phezulu, zithuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, isifiso sokudla nesifo samathumbu, zihlanza umzimba we-cholesterol eyingozi. Kusukela kubo balungiselela ama-infusions nama-decoctions.
- E-cosmetology. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-antioxidants, i-cherry enhle iyakwazi ukwehlisa ukuguga kwesikhumba. Benza imaski, ama-creams nezinye izimonyo ezivela kuso.
Ukukhetha indawo
Uma ukhetha indawo efanelekile ye-cherries futhi ubanikeze ukunakekelwa okuhle, khona-ke uzobonga ngokuvuna okuningi kuze kube yiminyaka eyikhulu. Indawo ekhethiwe kufanele ihlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
- ilanga eliningi futhi lingenasithunzi (ngokwazi ukuthi i-sweet cherry yanikezwa igama elithi "sun berry");
- indawo enomoya omuhle, kodwa ivaliwe emoyeni oqinile, isibonelo, eduze nodonga oluseningizimu lendlu;
- inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto elula futhi ikhule, isibonelo, i-calcareous, ihlolwe njalo ngama-humus;
- akufanele kube khona ukuqhuma komswakama, ukusondela kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba akusifisi (okungenani amamitha amabili).
Ukuhlwanyela isihlahla se-cherry esetsheni kuwumsebenzi othakazelisayo ongenziwa nabantwana ekhaya.
Imithetho yokufika
Ama Cherries ahlwanyelwe entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Umhlaba ngalesi sikhathi unomsoco futhi unobumnene, ngakho-ke ukulinganisa kulula ukugxila. Inkathi ngayinye inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo.
- Ufudumele ekwindla okufanelekile ukutshala. Ngaphambi kokuqala ebusika, impande inesikhathi sokujula nokukhula. Futhi lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, isitshalo siqala ukukhula futhi sithuthuke ngokweqile. Kodwa ezimweni zakuqala zasebusika ngeqhwa, umuthi ungabanda.
- Ukufika ekuseni entwasahlobo mahhala engozini yokuqandisa. Kodwa kudingeka ube nesikhathi sokukwenza ngaphambi kokuvuvukala kwezinso. Umuthi, etshalwe kamuva, uzolimaza futhi ngeke uhlezi.
Ukubeka izinkuni kubalulekile ukulungiselela kusengaphambili. Uma ukutshala kuhlelwe entwasahlobo, khona-ke inhlabathi ingalungiselelwa ekwindla. Ukutshala ekwindla, umsebenzi wokulungiselela kufanele wenziwe okungenani amasonto amabili. Zihlanganisa: ukuhlanza ukhula namanqamu, besebenzisa umquba womanyolo (2 amabhakede ama-humus emgodini ngamunye) futhi ugobe indawo yomgodi ozayo.
Ukutshala kanje:
- Endaweni ehlelwe ngaphambili, umgodi uguguliwe, ububanzi buka-70-80 cm futhi bube ngu-1 m ububanzi. Kumele kube khona isikhala esanele sempande.
- Uma isithombo sasiyi-container yesikhashana, kufanele isuswe ngokucophelela futhi ibekwe ndawonye nge-clod yomhlaba emgodini. Uma izimpande zingabonakali, khona-ke phansi komgodi udinga ukwenza inqwaba yensimu evundile, okudingayo ukusabalalisa izimpande.
- Asikho isidingo sokutshala umuthi ojulile. Intamo yayo ye-basal kufanele ihlulwe emhlabathini ngo-5 cm.
- Umgodi ugcwele inhlabathi ekhulelwe futhi ihlanganiswe kahle. Ungenza umcengezi wobumba ekugcineni komgodi ongcwatshiwe ukuze uqoqe amanzi emvula.
- Udinga ukuthulula amanzi amaningi.
Izihlahla ze-cherry zikhula zikhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma utshala izithombo eziningana, ibanga eliphakathi kwemigodi kufanele libe okungenani 3-4 m.
Ividiyo: utshale i-cherry elimnandi
Indlela yokunakekela
Ngisho noma i-cherry itshalwe ngesikhathi, futhi emhlabathini omuhle, idinga ukunakwa okuqhubekayo. Kudinga ukuphuziswa, ukudla nokubunjwa njalo.
Ukunisela
Ukuphuza lesi sitshalo kubaluleke kakhulu, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuvimbela ukudlula. Imvamisa yokuphuza ixhomeke esigabeni sokuthuthukiswa komuthi nezimo zezulu.
Kudingekile ukuphuza i-cherry enhle:
- NgoMeyi, emva kokuqhakaza: umswakama udinga ukuthuthukiswa kwesithelo;
- engxenyeni yokuqala kaJuni, lapho izithelo zithela: lokhu kuzosiza amajikijolo ukuba abe namanzi ahlanzekile;
- ngesikhathi esomile: kubalulekile ukugcwalisa kakhulu, ngokugcwala umhlaba;
- ekwindla, ngaphambi kokubanda: umswakama uyadingeka ukuze ubusika ngokuphephile.
Ukunisela kuyadingeka njalo emva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, kanti ngesikhathi sesomiso kaningi (njalo ngesonto).
Kubalulekile! Akudingekile ukuba manzi i-cherry ngesikhathi sezimbali, kungenjalo i-ovary izonyuka, futhi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo, ukuze bangaphazi..
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwesihlahla kanye nomtholampilo omkhulu, kuyadingeka ukuthi njalo ukondle lesi sitshalo ngezolimo zombili nezimbiwa zamaminerali. Imodi yokuphakelayo ibukeka kanje:
- Udaba oluphilayo (i-humus noma i-rotted umquba wenkukhu) lwenziwa ngenkathi kubanjwa umhlabathi ozungeza umuthi njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3;
- i-humus noma i-compost ingaba nombuthano we-pristvolny: ngenkathi ukuphuza izimpande ngamanzi bese uthola umquba womsoco;
- Amaminerali amaminerali aqukethe i-nitrogen (i-ammonium nitrate, i-ammonium sulphate) isetshenzisiwe njengetshezi entwasahlobo (ngoMeyi) nasehlobo (ngoJuni);
- i-phosphate kanye ne-potash umquba (umquba womquba, i-superphosphate, i-potash usawoti) ukondla isihlahla ekwindla (ngo-Septhemba): zizokwenza amandla okwenza i-overwintering iphumelele futhi kusize entwasahlobo ekubunjweni kwefihlekile.
Kubalulekile! Akunakwenzeka ukondla ngomanyolo omusha omusha (umquba): ungalimaza, uvutha impande, futhi ngeke ube usizo, njengoba uzoqeda phansi isikhathi eside.
Ukunakekela umbuthano
Ungakhathaleli ukubaluleka kokunakekela umjikelezo we-pristvolnom. 
Kubalulekile impilo yomuthi wonke.
- Njalo emva kokuphuza kufanele udedele umhlabathi ukuvula ukufinyelela ezimpandeni, emoyeni nangomswakama.
- Utshani lwokhula kufanele lubhujiswe njengoba "luba" izakhi futhi luphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile komuthi omncane.
- Ukuxubha umhlabathi ozungeza isiqu kukuvumela ukuba ugcine umswakama futhi ungavumeli ukhula lukhule. Abanye abalimi basebenzisa umquba njengomunyu. umquba. Abanye batshale izimpande ezungeze umuthi ngenjongo efanayo.
Funda ukuthi ungenza kanjani umquba ngezandla zakho: kuzikhwama zotshwala, emgodini womquba.
Ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele
Izihlahla ze-cherry zikhula ngamandla, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yokuqala. Ngakho-ke, badinga ukunqunywa unyaka ngamunye. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba ama-buds avuleke, noma ekwindla.
Ukunciphisa kwenziwa ngezinkomba ezintathu:
- Ukunciphisa amagatsha amasha wonyaka ngonyaka owodwa-wesihlanu: obanjwe eminyakeni yokukhula ngaphambi kokuba umuthi uqale ukuthela izithelo.
- Ukususwa kwamagatsha angakhula (ngaphakathi komqhele). Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakha umqhele okhanyisiwe, igatsha ngalinye elilula ukufinyelela.
- Ukusika izihlanzi zamagatsha omisiwe, acwecwe futhi aphukile.
Funda futhi mayelana nezisekelo zokuhlahla izihlahla, kanye nezimfihlo zokusika izikhukhula.
Ngemuva kwenqubo, kubalulekile ukuphatha izigaba nge-putty: i-pitch pitch, upende noma i-varnish. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuphulukiseni okusheshayo futhi kuzosiza ukuvimbela izifo. 
Ukuvikelwa emakhazeni namakhaza
I-sweet cherry "i-Napoleon" ayimane engenamakhaza. Kodwa uma izibikezelo zezulu zibikezela ubusika obunqamule nge-frosts obukhulu, kungcono ukuphutha. Ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezidingekile, ungavikela lesi sihlahla emagodini amaqanda futhi amakhulu.
Lezi zinyathelo zihlanganisa:
- i-lime whitewash, evikela i-trunk evela e-hypothermia ngesikhathi sishintsha ngokuzumayo izinga lokushisa ebusika, kanye nezimpungushe zezinambuzane ezihlala emagumbini;
- ukugoqa kwe-trunk ene-insulators ehlukene (nge-roofing ezwayo, ama-rags, amagatsha e-coniferous) azosebenza njengesivikelo ngokumelene nesithwathwa nokulwa namagundane;
- ukuxubana ngamagatsha kanye nendawo yokukhosela nge-snowdrift kuzothuthukisa uhlelo lwempande;
- ukugxiliswa komqhele wezithombo ezincane: amagatsha, ecindezelwe ngokumelene ne-trunk, awahlanganisiwe futhi agqoke ukukhishwa.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Izintandokazi izinhlobo "Napoleon" abamnyama:
- isivuno esikhulu;
- ukunambitha okuhle kakhulu;
- amajikijolo wesicelo jikelele;
- ukuhamba kahle nokugcina izinga lezithelo;
- akuvamile ukugula;
- izinga elihle lokumelana nesithwathwa.
Ukungalungi kancane:
- ukufuna indawo nendawo;
- isidingo samapillinator.
Njengoba ungabona, le cherry inezinzuzo ezingaphezu kokungalungi. Futhi nakuba i-"Napoleon" emnyama isivele idala, ayikho ngaphansi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha, futhi ibuye idlule ezinye.
