I-Severyanka ngemvelaphi yayo, sekuyisikhathi eside i-sea buckthorn isinezimpande ezingadini zezindawo zezulu ezahlukahlukene. Ikhule kakhulu kunayo yonke i-sea sea buckthorn yamafutha, kepha i-decoction yamajikijolo nayo iyasiza, amajikijolo amasha ngokwawo amnandi. Imvamisa isihlahla solwandle sivame ukutholakala njengotshalo. By the way, abaningi bakuthola kunzima ukuphendula lo mbuzo, ulwandle luthi sihlahla sasemanzini sihlahla noma isihlahla somhluzi.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngisho nasendalini esetshenziswayo, kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuhlukile. Eqinisweni, i-sea buckthorn iyihlahla, yize izinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-6, njengezihlahla zangempela. Isici esivelisayo kuleli cala iqiniso lokuthi linezizwe ezinhlobonhlobo, kuvela amahlumela amasha okuzothatha ihlumela elilodwa. Ngenkathi izihlahla zihlala zifanisiwe. Ngakho-ke embuzweni, i-sea buckthorn yisihlahla noma isihlahla, kunembile kakhulu ukuphendula konke okuyi shrub.
Lesi sitshalo sathola igama elithi "sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala" ngokubukeka kwaso - amajikijolo amane abambelela emagatsheni acwebile esihlahleni
Lo mbhalo ukhuluma ngezinhlobonhlobo zensimu ezithandwa kakhulu zalesi sitshalo kanye nezici zokutshala.
Umsuka
Izici zokuphilisa zalesi sitshalo bezaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Kunemininingwane ngokusetshenziswa kwezithelo zasolwandle ngabalaphi basendulo baseTibet naseMongolia. Ukwembulwa kwezindawo zokuhlala esizeni seScandinavia sanamuhla kuveza nokuthi lesi sitshalo sasaziwa kulezi zindawo. Kunobufakazi bokuthi eGrisi yasendulo, abalimele babephathwa ngemithi yolwandle i-sea buckthorn, kanti amahlumela asendle asetshenziselwa ukondla amahhashi agulayo.
Kuyathakazelisa. Igama elithi "sea sihlahla sivulekile" ngesiGreki lizwakala lifana ncamashi ne "hhashi elikhanyayo ", elisho ukuthi, isimo esihle samahhashi ngemuva kokwelashwa nalesi sitshalo kanye nokufana kwamajikijolo anelanga, abushelelezi futhi acwebezelayo anezinhlangothi eziyindilinga futhi ezicwebezelayo zezilwane zamaGrikhi.
Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi empilweni ye-sea buckthorn bekuba nezikhathi eziningi zokuqothelwa, ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva kweNkathi Ephakathi, lapho izindlela eziningi zokupheka zabantu zashiywa futhi zikhohliwe. Kuseminyakeni ye-19 kuphela lapho bekhumbula lesi sitshalo, baqala ukusihlobanisa naso njengesihlahla esingenamsebenzi esikhula sasendle, kodwa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Kungale njongo ukuthi ama-buckthorn atshalwe eRussia, kuze kwaba kanye, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, i-varithal buckthorn yakhiwa e-Altai.
Isitshalo esimelana neqhwa sithandwa ezingadini zaseSiberia, ngenxa yomsebenzi we-I-I. IMichurin, yaziwa kabanzi e-USSR. Eminyakeni engama-70s, kwaqala ukwanda kwangempela kothando lwabantu nentshisekelo yalesi sithelo.
Sifunde ukwenza uwoyela we-sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala, izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zavela ezingadini, hhayi odokotela kuphela kodwa nezingane zesikole zabhala imibiko ephathelene nokwelapha kwesitshalo. Namuhla, i-sea buckthorn isiphinde yaba yisivakashi esingatheni esivamile ezingadini, futhi kwaba yize.
Namuhla ungathenga i-sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala ekhemisi, kepha abantu abaningi bathanda ukuyipheka ngezandla zabo.
Lesi sitshalo siwusizo, sicebile kakhulu ezintweni ezibalulekile kumuntu.
Ukubukeka
Ngaphandle, isihlahla esinameva esingafinyelela kumamitha ambalwa ukuphakama. I-dioecious sea-buckthorn imane nje ingakhuli ngesihlahla esisodwa kuleso sakhiwo, ngoba esinye isitshalo sinezimbali zabesifazane, kanti esinye sinezimbali zesilisa, lapho impova ifinyelela kuma-inflorescence abesifazane. Ngakho-ke ngaphandle kokucoliswa komoya noma izinyosi ngeke zikwazi.
Igcwele ngezithelo hhayi kuphela, kepha nangameva amancanyana. Amacembe esihlahlana amade, ansundu kancane noma abe yisiliva. Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezimbalwa eziqhakaza ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga. Izimbali zayo zincane, azilungiseki, ziqoqwe ngamapanicles, inflorescence.
Ukuvuthwa kolwandle okusajikijolo kubukeka kahle kakhulu
Izithelo zi-oval, zinesikhumba esibuthakathaka, ngaphakathi kuzo kunethambo elilodwa elimnyama ngombala. Le yimbewu. Izithelo ezigqamile ze-Juicy zinombala wewolintshi nephunga eliyinqayizivele, abanye ababheka njengophayinaphu, abanye - utshani. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka ngo-Agasti nangoSepthemba, ungaqoqa kuze kufike kumakhilogremu ayi-12 amajikijolo esihlahleni esisodwa.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Ngemizamo yabafuyi bezitshalo, izinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobonhlobo zalesi sitshalo ziye zasuswa. Namuhla ingatshalwa kokubili enyakatho naseningizimu, kunezinhlobo zokulwa neqhwa, ezithela kakhulu, okumnandi kakhulu nezinhlobo zamavithamini nezinhlobonhlobo. Okuyiyona ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi baseRussia:
- I-Chuiskaya - enye yezifundo eziphakeme kakhulu zesivuno, ibonakala ngokukhula okuphansi kanye nomqhele ohlanganayo futhi ongavamile. Izithelo ezimnandi zinesisindo esingu-0.9 g; umbala wamajikijolo uwolintshi;
- Okuningi - okunhlobonhlobo ngokuqina okuphezulu kobusika, usayizi wezithelo omaphakathi nomqhele osakazayo. Ukunambitheka kumnandi, kunoshukela omuncu, awonakalanga ngesikhathi sokuqoqa. Inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwevithamini C;
- I-Orange - izinhlobonhlobo zokukhetha eSiberia, imelana neqhwa. Ilungele izinto zokusebenza, ngoba inambitheka omuncu;
- I-oilseed - izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuzalela i-Altai, ine-hardness yasebusika ephakathi futhi ivuthwa sekwephuzile. Izithelo zibomvu, zimuncu olwangeni. Bavela kahle; ukwahlukana kwe-peduncle komile;
- Giant - lokhu kuhlukahluka kulungile ngoba kuphephile ukuvuna, njengoba amagatsha esitshalo engenawo ameva, ngisho nengane iyakwazi ukukha amajikijolo. Umqhele ubunjwe ngesigaxa, ukuphakama kwawo kungafinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-3.5. Izithelo zikhulu, zinoshukela omnandi, ziyindlela ejwayelekile yesilinda;
- Isipho sikaKatun singenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezilwa nesithwathwa, futhi esingenwe yisifo. Isitshalo sezinhlobonhlobo sinomqhele oqinisiwe ophakathi, izithelo ziphakathi nendawo, owolintshi. I-spikes ingaba yincane noma ayikho ngokuphelele.
- I-Golden cob kungenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezivimbela isithwathwa, ithela izithelo ngonyaka ngaphambi kwezinye izinhlobo. Inameva ambalwa, amajikijolo mancane, futhi isisindo cishe singama-0.5 g lilinye. Amabhulashi aminyene agcwele. Ukwanda kokuqina kwesithwathwa - umehluko oyinhloko kanye nenzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo;
- Izindaba ze-Altai - zimelana nezifo, zithela impela. I-Crohn medium iqinisiwe, ikhula ifike kumamitha ayi-4 Amajikijolo wobukhulu obuphakathi, kepha ahanjiswa kabi ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa okumanzi, uvithamini.
Ukufakelwa kolwandle i-sihlahla sivikelekile emhlabathini
Ukukhula kwe-sihlahla sivikelekile ekhaya akuyona inkathazo kangako. Kepha ungathola amajikijolo ekhwalithi enhle kuphela esihlahleni esinempilo nesiphilayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungalinda okungenani iminyaka emi-3 futhi uthole izithelo ezincane, ezingavamile, ngokuvamile, ukhohliswe ngokutshala. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, kunconywa ukuthi ujwayele okungenani izisekelo zokukhula kwe-sihlahla sivame ukutholakala emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukutshala kwe-sihlahla sivame ukutholakala ngasolwandle
Yini oyidingayo ukufika? Okokuqala, izinto ezinhle zokutshala. Udinga ukutshala izitshalo ezimbalwa: "abantu" besilisa nabesifazane. Kunzima ukuhlukanisa ngokuzimela kumlimi ongenalwazi, njengomthetho, banikeza izeluleko enkulisa futhi lapho bathatha izinto zokutshala.
Entwasahlobo, ziyehluka ngombala wamaqabunga: okuluhlaza okwenziwe ngabesifazane, isiliva samadoda. Ekuphumuleni, kungahlukaniswa izinso: ezitshalweni zabesifazane, zincane futhi zifihlwe yisikali. Eziduna zinkulu futhi zivaliwe ngezikali eziningana.
Indawo enhle
I-sea buckthorn iyi-shrub enesithombe esihle. Isitshalo sidinga ukudala izimo eduze kakhulu nemvelo yaso:
- Indawo kufanele ikhanye, ikhanyiswe kahle.
- Ukuze izimpande zingamanzi, akufanele kube namanzi aphansi komhlaba okuseduze, okungukuthi, ekujuleni okungama-60 cm.
- Ngokufanelekile, uma ulwandle luqala ngokuvikelwa emoyeni yisakhiwo. Isibonelo, kulula ukuyitjala ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu yendlu yengadi.
- Eduze kolwandle i-sihlahla sivikelekile, akulungile ukuthi kukhule izimbali nezinye izitshalo ezizokuzungeza futhi sikucindezele, ngoba izimpande zolwandle ziyabonakala zingashisi futhi zisabalele ngokwanele.
Izimpande zitholakala ngokushesha ebusweni bomhlaba.
- Ukuze umoya uvikele izimbali kangcono, kufanele kutshalwe izihlahla zesilisa ohlangothini olunomoya, izihlahla zabesifazane - ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Inqubo yesinyathelo sokufika
Ukusakazeka kwe-sihlahla sivame ukutholakala kolwandle kwenziwa ngemisiko. Ukufika kwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo kubukeka kanjena:
- Bumba umgodi ngaphansi komgodi wokufika, ngoba, nquma ubukhulu bomgodi ngesimo se-cube 40 cm. Emhlabathini osuswe emgodini, engeza i-humus, inkathi nge-potassium ne-phosphorus bese uyigcwalisa futhi emgodini.
- Manje yenza umgodi wokufika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, setha isikhonkwane se-garter kusengaphambili, bese ubeka izimpande ngokucophelela bese ugcwalisa inhlabathi, unyathela inhlabathi.
- Fafaza ukusikeka bese uzungeza isiyingi sesiqu nge-mulch.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukungcwaba intamo yezimpande, kuyadingeka ukuthi ikhuphuke ngaphezu kwenhlabathi okungenani ngo-5 cm.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala
Kulula, lokhu kuvame ukufaka ukuthena, ukuthambisa ngesikhathi kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela isitshalo akudingi kaningi. Imvamisa, onyakeni wokuqala emva kokutshala, isihlahla solwandle esivuthayo sidinga ukuthambisa njalo; Ngokuzayo, i-sea sihlahla sivulekile asidingi kuniselwa okukhethekile, kuphela ngesikhathi sesomiso.
Ukuzalela kuhlanganisa nokugqoka okungaphezulu. Ngokomthetho, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngaphandle kokufaka umanyolo, kepha-ke, i-mineralization isiza ukuthuthukisa isivuno.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Umanyolo ophelele wamaminerali nge-phosphate, i-potassium ne-nitrogen unganikezwa ngezindlela eziphelelisiwe. Ingafakwa esikhundleni sezinto eziphilayo. Ngakho-ke, ku-humus kune-nitrogen, nayo ingathathwa kumquba ovuthiwe. Ungasebenzisa i-oven ash ukondla amahlahla, kanye nokudla kwethambo. Konke lokhu kuya kuthebhu emgodini wokufika, ngemuva kokutshala iminyaka emithathu ungashiya isitshalo singakatholwa. Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-4 yokuphila, i-nitrogen, phosphorus ne-potassium kwethulwa entwasahlobo ekwindla.
Izihlahla zokuthena
Ukulima kubalulekile futhi. Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, amagatsha asikwa ukuze akhe isihlahla.
Ukuthena okulungile akugcini ngokubukeka kwesihlahla, kepha futhi kuthuthukisa isivuno sesitshalo.
Yilapho isinqumo sivela khona, ukuthi luhlobo luni lwe-sea sihlahla somhlabathi oluzoba sesimweni: ngesimo sesihlahla noma ngesimo sesihlahla. Uma ufuna ukwakha isiqu esisodwa, lapho-ke udinga ukukhetha igatsha eliqine kunazo zonke enkabeni, ususe elinye, ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, unciphise elinye igatsha eli-2-3, usike elinye. Ngakho-ke, phinda iminyaka engu-4.
Uma udinga ukutshala isihlahla, bese ushiya amagatsha amaningi, ngoba sonke isikhathi sokuphila cishe kwamagatsha ayi-7 siyadingeka, amasha akhula, amadala ayasuswa. Kabili ngonyaka belulekwa ukwenza izihlahla zokuhlanza.
I-sea buckthorn iyisitshalo esingenakuqhathaniswa, singatshalwa ezindaweni ezihlukile zaseRussia, kepha-ke, izinhlobo ezibunjiwe zinikeza ukubuyisa okuphezulu. Namuhla, ukukhetha kwabo kukhulu, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokubuyisa isidingo se-sea sihlahla sasemanzini esilusizo futhi esidingekayo futhi.
