Imininingwane mayelana nembali ye-hemanthus yavela okokuqala ngo-1753. Ukuchazwa kwakhe kwenziwa ngusosayensi ovelele waseSweden, isazi semvelo uCarl Linnaeus. Kungani imbali ye-hemanthus yathola leli gama? Kuyavela ukuthi amagama esiGreki "haemo" no "anthos" ahumusha ngokuthi "imbali enegazi."
Emvelweni kunemibala ehlukene ye-hemanthus, kepha umbala obomvu ojwayelekile ubonwa njengowokuqala. Ngo-1984, waqokwa njengohlobo oluhlukile lomndeni wakwa-Amaryllis.
Izinhlobo zeHemanthus
Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezingama-22 ze-hemanthus ziyaziwa. Izwe lakubo yi-Afrika esishisayo neNamibia. Lesi sitshalo esinamandla amakhulu siyefana ngokubukeka kuma-amaryllis.
UHemanthus Katarina
Izimbali zikaHemanthus zinephunga elithile. Ekuzaleni kwasekhaya, izinhlobo zayo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Izimbali ezimhlophe - ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwezimbali zasendlini. Inamaqabunga abanzi, aqabile afana nolimi lwezinyamazane. Inama-peduncle amafushane kodwa anamandla ngezimbali ezimhlophe. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani.
Okumhlophe-kuqhakaza
- ILinden - ivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezingadini. Imbali ikhula emhlabathini, ibe neziqu ezinde ezinamaqabunga ahlelwe ngemigqa emibili. I-peduncle yesigamu semitha ihlukanisa iLinden nezinye izinhlobo ze-hemanthus.
- I-Multiflowered - ehlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwe-peduncle ende namaqabunga amakhulu. Ngesikhathi sonyaka, inani lama-inflorescence lifinyelela ku-50 liye ku-90.
Izimbali eziningi
- IKatarina - inamashidi amade amancanyana atholakala esifanekisweni esingamanga. Umbala obomvu wesitoko we-inflorescence. Ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwehlobo amasonto amane. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kuboshwe izithelo ezibomvu ezifana nezimbali ebomvu. Izazi zezimbali zikhuluma ngoHemanthus Katarina njengohlobo oludumile kakhulu phakathi kwezimbali ezikhula ekhaya phakathi kohlobo olufanayo lwmbali.
- Okumhlophe okumsulwa - kufana kakhulu ne-hemanthus enezimbali ezimhlophe. Umehluko ungqenqemeni lwe-peduncle nangemuva lamaqabunga.
- ISharlahovy - inamaqabunga amamitha owodwa nesigamu anamaphethelo anemibala ebomvu. Kubonwa uPretuncle. Isikhathi sezimbali ukwindla.
Scarlet
- I-Pomegranate - luhlobo lwe-hemanthus olunama-inflorescence amahle afinyelela ku-10 cm. Amaqabunga anokubonakala kwesikhumba ngombala okhanyayo obomvu kanye nomphetho we-wavy. Iqhakaza ngokuqala ngoJulayi kuya kuJanuwari.
- IBrindle Haemanthus tigrinus isitshalo esihle ngokubabazekayo. Ubude bamaqabunga awo afinyelela ku-45 cm, aluhlaza. Ezisekelweni zamaqabunga kukhona amabala ansundu.
Ukunaka! Zonke izinhlobo ze-hemanthus zinobuthi. Ukusika amaqabunga, uma kulimele, kufanele kwenziwe ngamagilavu. Ngemuva kokusebenza ngezimbali, udinga ukugeza izandla zakho kahle.
Ukunakekelwa kukaHemanthus
IHemanthus ayitholakali ekufuyeni kwasekhaya. Ukunakekelwa kahle kwe-hemanthus ekhaya kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole izimbali kanye nentuthuko yezimbali elindelekile.
Ukukhetha komhlaba nenhlabathi
Ezitolo zezimbali, i-hemanthus, njengazo zonke izimbali, iyathengiswa ebhodweni ephathekayo. Ngemuva kokuqanjwa kabusha kwasekhaya, kudluliselwa ebhodweni lokuma. Imbiza ikhethwe phezulu, ngoba isibani sinezimpande ezinde ezidinga ukubekwa ngokucophelela ebhodweni lapho zithunyelwa.
Ibanga elisuka kulo liye ezindongeni eziseceleni zebhodwe akufanele lidlule ku-3 cm. I-bulb akufanele ijuliswe emhlabathini. Ungasifaka isitshalo kabili ngonyaka, uma sinikeza ukwanda okuncane, ngonyaka kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Lokhu ngokubona kwalimi.
Ukunaka! Uma kubalulekile ukuthi ama-florists abone ukuqhakaza kwe-hemanthus, ibhodwe kufanele lisondele, kepha uma inhloso ukuthola ama -indodakazi endodakazi, imbiza kufanele ibanzi.
Abaqalayo kufanele banake inhlabathi. Ngaphansi kwembiza kufanele kumbozwe ngemisele ukuze amanzi angahambi futhi nezimpande zingaboli. Inhlabathi iyathengiswa esitolo sezimbali. UHemanthus udinga inhlabathi ekhanyayo. Lesi isisekelo sendawo yonke noma umhlabathi okhethekile wezitshalo zokuhlobisa ngokufakwa kwamalahle, umhlabathi kakhukhunathi kanye ne-humus.
Uhlelo lwempande lukaHemanthus
Ukunisela nokondla
Izitshalo ze-Bulb azithandi ukuqina kwamanzi emhlabathini. UHemanthus uphatha kabi emswakama ngokweqile. Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kuye ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo. Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi le mbali engaphakathi ibekezelela isomiso kalula.
Inhlabathi ivundiswa entwasahlobo nasehlobo ngokuvama kwayo kanye njalo emavikini amathathu. Isixazululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo wamaminerali sithululelwa emgqonyeni, lapho imbiza yezimbali ibekwa khona imizuzu engama-20. Ngo-osmosis, lesi sitshalo sizothola konke ukondleka okudingayo.
Ukushisa nokukhanyisa
Isitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okugqamile, kepha hhayi okuqondile. Le mbali izizwa kahle emafasiteleni ewindi abheke empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Imbiza yezimbali idinga ukushintshwa, inikeze ithuba lokukhula okufanayo kwamahlamvu.
Umanyolo kaHemanthus
Ukuba yisitshalo se-thermophilic, i-hemanthus ayithandi ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olubandayo. Uma kuthengwa esitolo ebusika, kufanele kuhanjiswe ukulethwa kwekhaya okufudumele. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lapho imbali ikhula futhi liqhakaze lisuka ku + 18 ° kuya ku- + 22 ° C.
Ngesikhathi sokuphumula kobusika, okuhlala kusuka ngoDisemba kuya ku-Ephreli, i-hemanthus igcinwa endaweni epholile. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi izinga lokushisa lalingeliphezulu kune- + 15 ° C. Kulokhu, kuvulandi ofudumele noma i-loggia efulethini noma kuvulandi endlini kufanelekile. IHemanthus ayikuthandi ukufiphazwa komoya, noma iliphi igumbi lidinga ukufakwa umoya.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
UHemanthus - isitshalo esingenakubekezela. Iqhakaza minyaka yonke ngokutshala okufanele. Kodwa-ke, abatshali bezimbali bahlangabezana nezinkinga ezithile lapho iqhakaza liqala ukuba mnyama, amaqabunga omile, nezimbali ziyeka. Siyini isizathu salokhu?
Izimbali zikaHemanthus
Ukuthuthuka kancane
Kuyadingeka ukunaka inhlabathi ebhodweni enesitshalo. Mhlawumbe udinga umanyolo. Izinambuzane nezifo zingaphazamisa ukukhula kwesitshalo. Kufanele uhlole imbali futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokulawula izinambuzane noma izifo.
Amabhulalu amnyama
Isizathu sokufiphaza ama-buds kufanele sifake umswakama ophezulu kanye nokwephulwa kombuso wokushisa. Kulokhu, imbiza yezimbali ibekwa egumbini lapho kungekho mswakama, kufanele futhi womise inhlabathi bese uqala ukuthambisa ngokulingana.
Kungani ama-hemanthus ephenduka amaqabunga aphuzi
Kungaba nezizathu eziningana. Lokhu kungukuswakama okweqile emhlabathini noma ukomiswa kwawo. Can kusuka kokuchichima iqala ukubola isibani sesitshalo. Izinambuzane emhlabathini nazo zingaholela ekuphuzi kwamaqabunga. Yini enconywayo kulokhu ngabatshali bezimbali abanolwazi nabo ababone izinto ezifanayo ezitshalweni zabo zasekhaya?
Nakani! Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuguqulwa kokunisela ngaphandle kokugcwalisa ngokweqile futhi ngaphandle kokomisa inhlabathi ebhodweni. Uma kukhona izibungu zezinambuzane emhlabathini, udinga ukuwususa ngokuphelele umhlabathi.
Amaphutha ekunakekelweni kwezimbali
Njengomphumela wamaphutha amaningi ekunakekeleni isitshalo, singayeka ukuqhakaza, amachashazi amhlophe noma ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka kungatholakala emaqabungeni, kuqhamuke amaqabunga anqabile. Izazi zezimbali zincoma ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-hemanthus aqhuma ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuphumula. Ukuqinisekisa, udinga ukuyeka ngokunisela imbali ngo-Okthoba. Ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga aqala ukuguquka aphuzi futhi omile.
Imbali ingena esimeni esishisayo. Imbiza yezimbali ngalesi sikhathi kufanele ibekwe egunjini elikhanyayo elinesimo sokushisa somoya esingu-14-16 ° C. Kuvunyelwe ngalesi sikhathi ukumanzisa kancane inhlabathi. Ungaqala ngokunisela i-hemanthus kakade entwasahlobo. UHemanthus uzoqala ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi.
Uthando lwe-Leaf olunamabala
Kungenzeka kube nezinye izizathu ezibambezela ukuqhakaza kwe-hemanthus. Isibonelo, ukuthola imbali, kukhethwa imbiza ebanzi kakhulu, umhlabathi lapho khona isitshalo kufanele sisebenze kahle, bese kuphela lapho siqala ukuqhakaza. I-bulb ingahle itshalwe kakhulu, noma imbali ingakhanyisiwe kahle. Kulokhu, udinga ukuqeda lezi zibangela.
Uma amaqabunga imbali ekhanya futhi eqala ukwelulwa, lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhanya kabi. Idinga ukuhanjiswa endaweni ebonakalayo. Amachashazi amhlophe angatholakala emaqabunga. Uhlobo lokubonakala kwazo luhlukile: imiphumela yokufafaza nokuthola ukushiswa yilanga. Kuyadingeka ukuqeda lezimbangela.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Izazi zezimbali zinaka ukuthi i-hemanthus isengozini yezifo nezinambuzane. Ingozi kuye is scabard ne-spider mite. Bazala kahle emakamelweni ashisayo, angajwayelekile.
Isihlangu
Ukucasha ngaphansi kwamaqabunga esitshalo, ukukala izinambuzane kubalimaze ngendlela engenakulungiswa. Amunca ujusi. Izindlela zokubhekana nazo zifaka ukufafaza i-hemanthus Karbofos, "Decis" ne "Actellicus".
Isicabucabu esibomvu
Izibungu zesicabucabu yizo izinambuzane ezinonya kakhulu. Isitshalo esenziwe nge-Web sishiya ngaphandle. Ukusindiswa umkhaza yizinambuzane ezibulala isitshalo.
Uthinte uHemanthus Kushiya
Ukubola okumpunga
Ukulimala kwezifo ngamaqabunga nopende olumhlophe kufakazela lesi sifo sokubola okungwevu. Kulokhu, i-hemanthus iphathwa nge-fung fung emnene. Uma isitshalo sithinteka kakhulu, siyabhujiswa.
I-Staganospore
IHemanthus itholakala nesifo esinjenge-staganospore. Isibonakaliso saso amabala abomvu kumakhasi namaqabunga. Esigabeni sokuqala salesi sifo kusetshenziswa i- "Fundazole".
Anthracnose
Ukuvela kwamabala amnyama emaqabunga, emikhawulweni yawo - umbala ofanayo wemisinga, kukhombisa isifo sesitshalo nge-anthracnose. Kuyadingeka ukususa amaqabunga athintekile, phatha imbali ngesixazululo seFundazole.
Ukukhula hemanthus kusuka imbewu
Akukho mfihlo ekhethekile ekukhiqizweni kwe-hemanthus. Ungakhula imbali kusuka kumakhabu endodakazi, ngokusika iqabunga noma imbewu esanda kukhiwa.
Ukukhula hemanthus kusuka imbewu
Kukhula imbali kusuka ezinhlanyelweni njengezithombo ezijwayelekile. Ama-Florists aqaphela ukuthi i-haemanthus ekhule ngale ndlela ingena ngenkathi yezimbali kuphela emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Lokhu kungukuphela kokulimala kokukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni abafuyi abazinaki.
Lapho uzalela i-hemanthus ekhaya, udinga ukuyinakekela, uqondiswa yiseluleko sabatshali bezimbali abanolwazi. Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kulula, ezimweni ezinhle, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-hemanthus luzojabulisa abatshali bezimbali ngezimbali zalo.
