I-acacia bush - incazelo ye-acacia ephuzi nomhlophe

Isitshalo esivela emndenini we-legume siqukethe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1300, phakathi kwazo kukhona hhayi izihlahla kuphela, kodwa nezihlahla. Amahlamvu evulekile we-Openwork nezimbali ezinhle ze-melliferous zizohlobisa noma yisiphi isiza.

I-Acacia - isihlahlana sengadi: incazelo

Zonke izinhlobo eziningi ze-acacia zingezohlobo olufanayo, oluqanjwe ngesiLatin "Acacia". Kodwa-ke, ezivandeni, izitshalo zivame ukuba zikhule, zifane kuphela ngomtholo, kepha zingezinhlobo ezihluke ngokuphelele, ngokwesibonelo, kuhlobo lweRobinia. Ukufana okukhulu kwezimbali nezithelo, amaqabunga kuholele abantu ekujwayeleni ukubiza izihlahla nezihlahla ngegama elingafanele, kwesinye isikhathi okubangela ukudideka okukhulu.

I-Acacia iqhakaza

I-acacia yisihlahla noma isihlahlana esingafinyelela kubude obuyi-12 m noma ngaphezulu. Izinhlobo zeShrub zokuphakama okuncane zivame ukutshala engadini njengemihlobiso: ezinwele ezimfishane (1-3 m), zinezikhali (kuze kube amamitha ama-3), izihlahla ezinjengamamitha (4 m), obabazekayo (1.5-5 m), njll. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ziyahlukahluka emthunzini nosayizi wezimbali, izikhathi zezimbali, izidingo zezulu kanye nokuzilungisa.

Umsuka nokubukeka kwesitshalo

Emvelweni yemvelo, izinhlobo eziningi ze-acacia zikhula e-Afrika, e-Australia nase-Asia. Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-50 zokuhlobisa izimbali ezitshalwe esikweni lezimbali. Uhlobo lwensimu lukhethiwe ngokuya ngezinkomba: ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi, ukuqondiswa kokwakheka kwenhlabathi, izidingo zokunisela. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zidinga indlela ehluke ngokuphelele.

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-acacia zisakazeka kakhulu izihlahla noma izihlahla ezincane. Zonke zinamahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani, futhi izimbali zazo zinuka kamnandi. Amahlamvu emagatsheni akhula ngokuhlukile. Esiqwini eside kunamaqabunga amaningi amancane afinyelela ku-1 cm ubude. Izinhlobo eziningi zinamahlaya anezikhala ezinde ezibukhali, kwesinye isikhathi zihlanganiswe ngamaqembu futhi zibe nesimo esigogekile. Ngokuvamile zikhula ezindaweni eziyomile. Izinkuni zilukhuni futhi ziyavumelana nezimo.

Izimbali Zembali Yezitshalo

Izimbali zabesifazane nabesilisa ziqoqwa kuma-axillary inflorescence ngesimo se-brashi noma i-panicle. Amathunzi ahlukile: omhlophe, ukhilimu, ophuzi. Le ndebe ifana nentsimbi futhi iqukethe amacembe amahlanu, kanti i-nimbus ye-tubular iqukethe ama-4-5 blade. Maphakathi nembali kunama-stamens amaningi avelele.

Isithelo esiphumela siwudondolo olude, oluqondile noma lugobile, okuthi, njengoba luvuthwa, lungavula futhi lusakaze imbewu noma cha. Imbewu yehlukile, kepha ifulethi elincane kaningi.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo

Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamasheya ama-shrubby ezingadini, okulandelayo kujatshulelwa abalimi.

Acacia Farnesiana (Acacia Farnesiana)

IShrub ibekelwe ukugcotshwa koLwandle Olumnyama lweCaucasus ngawo-30s. XX century Ukuphakama okujwayelekile kungama-2-4 m, kepha angakhuphuka aze afike kumamitha ayi-6. Amagxolo anombala onsundu ngombala, amahlumela anomumo ophukile futhi awubonwa kangako yi-pubescence. Amacembe abhangqiwe ahlukaniswe ngamagatsha ayi-2-8, ambozwe ngamahlamvu ayi-6- 20 grey-green masamba abude ngu-2.5-5 mm Amasampula anezikhala ezibukhali ezinamathiphu ansundu.

Acacia farnesiana

Izinhlobonhlobo zidume ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali zayo. Umbala osawolintshi noma omnyama ophuzi onesilinganiso esingu-1 cm. Ama-corollas ezinhlama ezinhlanu ezihlanganisiwe Izithelo zingubhontshisi we-cylindrical, hhayi onwebayo, ngaphakathi kwe-4-5 imbewu ebushelelezi emnyama. Ngokuvamile kuqhakaza ngo-Okthoba-December, kodwa esikweni engadini bakhulisa ifomu eliqhakaza kabili ngonyaka.

Acacia podalyrile (Acacia Podalyriifolia)

Ingakhula njengesihlahla ifike kumamitha ayi-5 ubude, kepha ivame ukwakha isihlahla esivulekile esinezimpiko eziphakeme kakhulu kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. Amahlamvu anezimbali ezinhle zesiliva. Iqhakaza ngezimbali eziningi ezinephunga elimnandi eliphuzi kusuka ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Ephreli.

Acacia podalyriifolia

I-Great Acacia (Acacia Spectabilis)

Izinhlobo zeShrub 1.5,5 m ukuphakama. Izimbali kusuka ngoJulayi kuya kuNovemba. Amahlamvu eCirrus ane-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izithelo zingama-pods amakhulu afinyelela ku-17 cm ubude futhi afinyelela ku-19 mm ububanzi.

Acacia spectabilis

Izimbali zinombala ophuzi kakhulu nephunga elimnandi elibonakalayo. Izimo ezikhulayo - ukungabikho kobusika beqhwa. Izinhlobonhlobo zithanda ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sasebusika kuze kufike okungenani ku-8 ° C, futhi ehlobo ligcina ukushisa kube ngu-35 ° C nesomiso isikhathi eside.

Ubomvu be-Acacia (Acacia Oxycedrus)

Isihlahla sasibizwa ngobuhle, kepha hhayi umthunzi wezimbali. Amabhasi akhula aze afike ku-2 m ukuphakama. Amakhanda ezimbali anombala ophuzi ophuzi noma ngaphezulu, aqoqe ngamaqembu afinyelela kuma-3 ama-pcs. Izimbali zihlala kusuka kuJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba.

Acacia oxycedrus

Njengama-acacias amaningi ama-shrubby, awabekezeleli ngisho namaqhwa wesikhashana, kodwa angenza ngaphandle kwemvula nokunisela isikhathi eside, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande lunamandla amakhulu, luya ekujuleni okukhulu.

Acacia ophuzi (shrub)

Igama ngqo yi-Caragána Arboréscens, okungukuthi, ayihlobene nohlobo lwe-Acacia. E-Russia, ibuye ibe negama lesibili elidumile - ipea. Isihlahlana esinqumayo siqukethe iziqu eziningi kuze kufike ku-15 cm ubukhulu. Ifinyelela ukuphakama ngamamitha ayi-6. Umqhele ovuthayo ufinyelela kumamitha ayi-5 ububanzi.

I-Caragána arboréscens

I-acacia ephuzi: incazelo, ukutshala nokunakekela

Ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukukhula minyaka yonke ekuphakameni kufinyelela ku-50 cm, futhi ububanzi - kufika ku-30 ​​cm. Izimbali eziphuzi ziqoqwa ngamaqoqo ama-3-5 ama-pcs. Amagqabi aluhlaza entwasahlobo nasehlobo, aphuzi ngokugqamile ekwindla. Izithelo - pods kuze kufike ku-5 cm. Izimbali kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni.

Amahlathi angamelana neziqhwa kanye nesomiso angatshalwa iningi leRussia: e-Urals, e-Western Siberia, e-Far East, ezintabeni zase Sayan, e-Altai. Izidingo zokunakekelwa eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila: Ukunisela, ukugqoka ngaphezulu, nokwakheka komqhele kubalulekile. Ngokuzayo, ingakhula ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka komuntu. Iyanqunyelwa emhlabathini, kepha ayikubekezeleli ukuvela okuphezulu komhlaba. Kutalwe endaweni ehlala njalo entwasahlobo noma ekwindla.

Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba

Hhayi imvelo enhle kakhulu yamasiko akhona, lesi sihlahla sithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi ngokungazithobi nobungqabavu babo, izimbali ezinhle ezinamakha. Kutshalwe kulawo makona engadi lapho esinye isitshalo singenakukwazi ukumelana nesomiso, futhi umphumela - isihlahla esinamakhaza - kuqinisekisiwe. Imimoya enamandla, ukushisa okushisayo, inhlabathi kasawoti iKaragana lutho.

Ungatshala imbewu nokusika. Izinga lokusinda lihle kakhulu, lizizwa lilungile ekutshaleni okungamabala amaningi. Umphumela enhlabathini uvuselela okuhle: kuyicebisa nge-nitrogen, kuvimbela ukuguguleka.

I-acacia emhlophe (i-shrub), noma yamanga-robinia

Isihlahla esikhula ngokushesha futhi sakha ihlathi esingakheka ngesihlahla. Sekuyisikhathi eside kutshalwa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, kanye nangendlela yokuqinisa inhlabathi enesihlabathi futhi kudaleke nezifo zomoya.

Robínia Pseudoacácia

Izimbali ezimhlophe ezinephunga elimnandi ziqoqwa ngamaqoqo ama-3-5 ama-pcs. Ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni eyi-10 yokuqala yokuphila. Ngonyaka unikeza ukwanda okufika ku-80 cm ukuphakama, futhi ububanzi - kuze kufike ku-30 ​​cm. Uhlelo olunezimpande ezinamandla lusiza ukusinda kunoma yisiphi isomiso. Isihlahla esisikwe esiqwini sinikeza ihlumela elinamandla nezithombo zezimpande. Izimbali zokuqala zenzeka eminyakeni eyi-6. Udinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Ibekezelela cishe noma yimuphi, ngisho nenhlabathi enosawoti, kepha ikhetha evundile futhi ingaphefumulelwa.

Ukutshala i-acacia

I-acacia itshalwa entwasahlobo. Ungasebenzisa imbewu noma ukusikwa. Izinga lokusinda lihle kakhulu, kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyiphi indawo ekhethiwe.

Okudingayo kokwehla

Kubalulekile ukuqongelela esitokweni sokutshala. Uma sikhuluma ngembewu, khona-ke igcina ukusebenza iminyaka emithathu kuphela, emva kwalokho izithombo ngeke zivele kuzo. Izimbumbulu zithengwa kangcono ezitsheni. Kulokhu, impumelelo iqinisekisiwe nge-100%.

Ukukhetha kwesihlalo

Zonke izinhlobo ze-acacia zinezithombe eziningi kakhulu, ngakho-ke noma iyiphi indawo enelanga iyazifanela. Umakhelwane awunandaba uma kungadali umthunzi omningi kakhulu. Kepha i-acacia izizwa ingcono kakhulu endaweni ephakeme, hhayi yokuvinjwa ezinye izihlahla noma izihlahla.

Ukufakelwa

Inqubo-nyathelo-nenqubo:

1. Umgodi wokufakelwa ulungiswa ngaphansi kwezihlahla zokusika. Ukudepha-50-80 cm, ububanzi 50 cm.
2. Isendlalelo sesihlabathi siyangezelelwa ngaphansi njenge-drainage.
3. Sungula ukwesekwa okuzohlanganiswa kuso isiqu saso ngonyaka wokuqala kuze kube sekupheleni kwengcindezi.
4. Yehlisa izimpande emgodini wokutshala, uqonde bese ulala ngomhlabathi ovundile oqondile.
5. Kugcwele.

Ukuzala

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-acacia zinganda hhayi ngembewu nokusikwa kuphela, kepha nangenzalo yezimpande. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala isentwasahlobo, kepha ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esiphansi, ukufika ngoSepthemba kwamukelekile impela. Isihlahla esikhula ngokushesha siyakwazi ukususwa ngaphambi kobusika.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika

Kungenzeka ukukhipha izimpande kanye nezimpande ezisikiwe. Isiqu sinqunywa entwasahlobo sisuka maphakathi amahlumela ngobude obungu-10 cm noma ngaphezulu.Isiphetho sesiqu siphathwa ngethonya lezimpande. Kutshalwe ezindlini zokugcina izithombo futhi kugcinwe kumaqondo okushisa angama-22 ° C. Isitshalo esiphelile sitshalwe ekwindla endaweni ehlala njalo.

Ukutshala i-acacia

Izimpande ezisikiwe zitholakala ezitshalweni zabantu abadala. Ngentwasahlobo, bayazimba futhi basike izimpande zibe yi-chubuki 15 cm ubude kanye nobubanzi obungu-5 mm noma ngaphezulu. Imile enhlabathini enesihlabathi ngaphansi kwesithambeka. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, isitshalo esincane singatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile ekwindla.

Ukunakekelwa

I-acacia shrubbery ingesinye sezitshalo ezingathobeki kakhulu. Udinga ukunakekelwa kuphela ngonyaka wokuqala noma emibili yempilo yakhe, futhi ngokuzayo uzodinga ukunakwa kuphela umqhele: ukuthenwa nokubumbeka. Eduze, musa ukutshala izimbali, ikakhulukazi ama. Izimpande eziqinile ze-acacia azithandi ukusondelana. Akudingekile ukumba inhlabathi ejulile emibuthanweni yesiqu, kuphela ukuyithukulula kancane ebusweni, ususe ukhula.

Imodi yokunisela

Izitshalo zabantu abadala ziniselwa kuphela uma isomiso sihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu (izinyanga ezingama-2-3). Kulesi sikhathi sonke, isihlahla sinemvula eyanele yemvelo. Ngonyaka wokuqala, izithombo ezincane ziyaniselwa njengoba umhlabathi womisa ukusheshisa inqubo yokumba izimpande. Uma kule ndawo imvula ijwayelekile (okungenani isikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki), khona-ke bayenqaba ngokuphelele ukuchelela.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ngokushesha emva kokutshala, kunconywa ukuthi kungeniswe i-nitroammophoska enhlabathini. I-60-80 g yomanyolo isetshenziselwa umgodi ngamunye wokufika. Isikhathi esilandelayo sokudla sizodingeka kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka emi-3. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha umanyolo ovimbayo wamaminerali. Inqola yeKemira ilungile. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye yenza i-100-120 g yomanyolo.

Izici zokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sezimbali

Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali enhlabathini ezungeze izihlahla, kunconywa ukwethula umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali, ngokwesibonelo, i-nitroammophoska. Ukuze uthole izimbali ezixakile, kugxilwe kakhulu ekucebiseni inhlabathi nge-potassium. Umlotha wezinkuni ojwayelekile nawo unomphumela omuhle.

Izici zokunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo

Ngokuqala kwezinsuku ezifudumele, lapho izinso zivuvukala ngokwanele ukukucacisa ukuthi yikuphi okuphilayo nokuthi yikuphi okomileyo, okuthenayo. Kubalulekile ukususa ngokuphelele wonke amagatsha omile, anesifo, aphule umoya. Uma sikhuluma ngothango, khona-ke enza izihlahla, enika umqhele wamasebese ukwakheka ngendlela oyifunayo.

Kulungiswa isitshalo ebusika

Kuze kube iminyaka engu-3, ​​yonke imithi emincane yasekwindla eyindilinga imbozwe ngesendlalelo se-mulch esingamasentimitha ayi-10. Lesi silinganiso sivikela uhlelo lwezimpande kusuka ku-hypothermia. Uma kunobungozi bokuqandeka kakhulu, khona-ke iziqu (i-shtamb) zigoqiwe ngezendlalelo eziningana nge-burlap, futhi umqhele wambozwa ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe. Chitha lemicimbi ngokushesha ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga.

Umuthi we-acacia yisitshalo esihle futhi esingenakungatshazwa. Amabhasi agwedwe izimbali eziphuzi noma ezimhlophe umhlobiso wangempela wengadi, eheha izivakashi eziyigugu kuwo - izinyosi. Akuzenzekeli ukuthi abalimi bamthanda emhlabeni wonke.