I-Vriesia - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, isithombe

Tshala isithombe

I-Vriesia (I-Vriesia) - Isitshalo se-herbaceous esidala somndeni wakwaBromeliad. Izwe laseVriesia liphakathi neMelika eseNingizimu. Isitshalo yi-epiphyte, sidinga izimpande kuphela zokunamathiselwa endaweni engaphansi, futhi izinqolobane ezikhethekile ezisezisekelweni zezisekelo zamaqabunga zisebenza ngomsebenzi wokuqongelela nokwakha izakhi zomzimba.

Ngenqubo yokukhula, ama-vriesia akha ama-rosette aminyene amise okomhluzi amaqabunga athambile noma anesikhumba afinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama. Ipuleti lamaqabunga lingaba nemibala ehlukahlukene: ukusuka ku-monophonic emerald kuya ihlosi (emgqeni oluhlaza okhanyayo nokukhanyayo) bese kufakwa emgqonyeni (onamabala akhanyayo noma ansundu endaweni engemnyama). Ama-inflorescence anemibukiso ekhanyayo ebunjiwe nezimbali ezincane ze-nondescript.

Uzoba nentshisekelo nakwezinye izitshalo ezivela emndenini we-bromeliad: bilbergia kanye ne-echmea.

	Isilinganiso sokukhula.
	IVriesia ingaqhakaza unyaka wonke.
	Isitshalo kulula ukusikhulisa.
	Ngemuva kokuphela, i-vriesia ihlala iminyaka emi-2.

Izici eziwusizo ze-vriesia

Ngokusho kweminye imibiko, i-vriesia isebenza njengokuhlunga komoya wemvelo, ukuthola ukungcola okulimazayo okuvela kuyo (kufaka phakathi intuthu kagwayi). Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sitshalo kuyinto yobuhle kuphela: Ama-inflorescence ayo abukekayo angahlobisa noma yiliphi ikhaya noma ihhovisi elingaphakathi.

Izici zokunakekelwa kwe-vriesia ekhaya. Kafushane

Ukushisa	Ngokujwayelekile njalo ngonyaka: hhayi ngaphansi kuka + 17 ° C futhi kungabi ngaphezu kuka + 25 ° C
Umswakama womoya	Ikhuphuke, cishe i-70%.
Isibani	Okugqamile, ilanga, noma ukugqamisa.
Ukunisela	Ehlobo, inhlabathi igcinwa inomswakama njalo, njalo emva kwezinsuku ezintathu ithululela amanzi ngqo endaweni ephumayo yesitshalo, iniselwa ngokulingana ebusika, ivumela inhlabathi ukuba yomile kancane phakathi kokuphuza.
Inhlabathi	Ilungele ama-bromeliads noma ilungiselelwe ngokuzimela kusuka kumaqabunga ama-humus, i-peat, isihlabathi, i-pine bark kanye ne-moss.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka sanoma yikuphi ukulungiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi, akukho okuphakelayo okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuphumula.
Ukufakelwa	Ngemuva kokutholwa, okulandelayo kuhlangana nomnyango wezingane.
Ukuzala	Izinqubo noma ukwahlukana kwesihlahla.
Izici Ezikhulayo	IVriesia ekhaya ingakhula hhayi embizeni evamile yomhlaba, kodwa ngesimo sesihlahla se "bromeliad." Izimpande kuleli cala zimane zigoqwe nge-moss futhi zifafazwe njalo.

Nakekela i-vriesia ekhaya

Izimbali

Ngokuya ngesikhathi sokutshala, imbali ye-vriesia ekhaya ingaqhakaza ngoFebhuwari-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi-Julayi. Izimbali ngokwazo azilungisi, zimhlophe noma ziphuzi.

Umhlobiso oyinhloko wesitshalo ama-brices aqhakazile, eduze kakhulu komunye nomunye futhi enza i-spike ende. Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, zibomvu, i-orange, ziphuzi noma zihlanganise imibala eminingana ngasikhathi sinye imibala yazo.

Imodi yokushisa

IVriesia yi-thermophilic, izinga lokushisa elilungile lokutshala kwayo kufanele libe ngu-+ 22 ° C ehlobo, + 18-20 ° C ebusika

Izinga lokushisa elivumelekile elingu-16-16 C, uma igumbi libanda kakhulu, isitshalo siqala ukulimala futhi singafa.

Ukufafaza

Kungenzeka futhi kudingekile ukufafaza i-vriesia, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ukuvikela umswakama ukuthi ungangeni kuma-brices.

Ukuze ufafaze, kufanele uthathe kuphela amanzi afudumele, ahleliwe.

Isibani seVreezia

Kukhanya dinga okuningi, kepha ukukhanya kwelanga kuye akuyona into efiselekayo: ngokuba ngaphansi kwethonya labo eliqhubekayo, imbali ilahlekelwa ngokushesha ngumphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Ebusika, kungcono ukuthi lesi sitshalo sabele indawo emafasiteleni aseningizimu, kuthi lapho kufika ihlobo, sihambise siye empumalanga noma, ezimweni ezibucayi, sill yasentshonalanga. I-vriesia yasekhaya ivame ukubekezelela "impilo" emthunzini.

Ukunisela Ama-Vrieses

Kugcwele i-vriesia ngqo kwizisekelo zamaqabunga, uqiniseke ukuthi umswakama awuhlali lapho isikhathi eside. Okokunisela thatha amanzi afudumele afudumele. Ngesikhathi sokutshala okusebenzayo, inhlabathi kumele igcotshiswe njalo (kepha ingakhukhuliseki), ngenkathi iphumula, umugqa ophansi phakathi kokunisela uvunyelwe ukoma kancane.

Imbiza yaseVriesia

Uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo luhlangene impela, ngakho-ke umthamo wembali awudingi ukukhethwa ungashisi kakhulu - izimpande kufanele "zihlale" kuwo ngokuqinile, kepha zikwazi ukuthuthuka. Isimo esibalulekile sokukhula okujwayelekile kwe-vriesia kungukudonsa okuhle kwenhlabathi, ngakho-ke izimbiza zokutshala izitshalo okungenani ingxenye yesithathu igcwele ubumba olwandisiwe noma isitini esiphukile.

Primer ye-vriesia

Ukwakheka komhlaba okuhle kwe-vreezia kufaka inhlabathi yamaqabunga kanye ne-turf, i-peat, isihlabathi, i-pine bark, namalahle kanye ne-moss. Uma kungenzeki ukulungisa lesi sisekelo ngokwakho, ungathenga inhlabathi yama-bromeliad noma ama-orchid esitolo sezimbali - ukwakheka kwawo nakho kufanelekile e-vriesia.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

IVriesia ayinazo "izimangalo" ezikhethekile zenani lomsoco lomhlabathi, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi azidingi ukondliwa. Umvundisi uvame ukusetshenziswa kanye ngonyaka - lapho isitshalo sesizoqhuma. Yenza lokhu ngokunisela kusokhethi noma ukufafaza ngezixazululo ezibuthakathaka zamalungiselelo ama-bromeliads noma ama-orchid.

Izimpande azithinteki ekudleni kwezitshalo, ngakho-ke ukugqoka izimpande akunampumelelo.

Ukufakwa kweVriesia

Lesi sitshalo esisanda kutholwa kufanele sitshalwe singene emhlabathini omusha ngemuva kokuthengwa (uma kungaqhakaza, ukuqhakaza kuvunyelwe ukuqeda ukuqhakaza nangemva kokutshalwa).

Ukufakelwa kuyadingeka ezitshalweni ezincane njalo eminyakeni eyi-1-2 njengoba inhlabathi igxotshwe ezimpandeni. Abantu abadala banele ukufakelwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-5.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Isikhathi sokuphumula siqala ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari. Ngenkathi i-vriesia iphumula, ukunakekelwa kwasendlini kuncishisiwe: kuniselwa kuphela ukugcina i-turgor yamaqabunga, ukugqoka okuphezulu akufakiwe, izinga lokushisa lomoya ligcinwa ku + 18-22 ° C.

Ungayenza kanjani ukuqhakaza kwe-vriesia

Isishukumisi esiqhakaza izimbali singase sibe igesi ye-ethylene. Ukuqinisekisa ubukhona bayo nomphumela we-vriesia, isitshalo sibekwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki, ngemuva kokubeka i-apula ejwayelekile lapho.

Ukusakazwa kweVriesia

Kulula ukusabalalisa i-vriesia nezingane eziphuma esihlahleni sikamama, ezivela lapho isitshalo siqhakaza. Amahlumela akamuva ahlukaniswa ukuphuma okuphezulu, lapho nje efika ingxenye yesithathu yokuphakama "komzali". Ngemuva kwalokho izingane zomiswa izinsuku ezimbalwa, emva kwalokho zihlala ezitsheni ezihlukile emhlabathini okhethekile. Ama-vrieses amancane angaqhakaza kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3-4

Indlela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi edla isikhathi ukusabalalisa imbewu. Abahlwanyele ngama-green-greenhouse enhlanganisweni yesihlabathi ne-sphagnum moss. Amahlumela okuqala at at lokushisa okungaguquki of + 25 ° C avele emva kwamasonto 3. Lapho izitshalo ziveza amaqabunga ama-3, kufanele atshalwe ezimbizeni ezihlukile. Izimbali e-vriesia ezikhule ngale ndlela zenzeka kuphela eminyakeni engama-5- 10 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Izifo ze-vriesia, njengomthetho, zibangelwa ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokunakekela isitshalo, kuboniswa yilezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

amaqabunga omile IVriesia - imbali ayimnandi ngenxa yomswakama ophansi kakhulu egumbini. Inkinga ixazululwa ngokufafaza njalo kwesitshalo;
amathiphu amaqabunga amnyama AmaVrieses futhi akhuluma ngomoya owomile egumbini, ongafakwa umswakama ngokufafaza njalo imbali noma ngokubeka imbiza enesitshalo emgqonyeni obanzi ngobumba olwandisiwe olwenziwe ngamanzi;
abuna amaqabunga i-vriesia - kungenzeka ukuthi imbali isekamelweni elipholile kakhulu ngoba. Ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside ekushiseni komoya okuncane esitshalweni, ukubola nakho kungakhula, okunzima impela ukubhekana nakho, yingakho lapho kukhula isitshalo, kubalulekile ukunamathela embusweni otuswayo wokushisa;
izimpande zokubola - Imbangela enkulu yalenkinga yisigaxa sezimbali, izimpande ezithintekile ngokubola zidinga ukunqunywa, izindawo zokusikeka kufanele ziphathwe ngamalahle ochotshoziwe, emva kwalokho i-vriesia idluliselwe kwisakhiwo esisha futhi ngokuzayo baqapha ngokucophelela umbuso wokunisela;
amabala grey kumaqabunga khombisa ukutheleleka kwesitshalo ngohlobo oluthile lwesifo sokukhunta. Kulokhu, susa wonke amaqabunga owonakele, buyisela indawo engaphezulu bese uphatha imbali ngokulungiselela okubangelwa ukhunta;
amaqabunga aphaphathekile - isitshalo asinakho ukukhanya okwanele, kuyadingeka ukuphinda ubeke kabusha ibhodwe lawo endaweni enelanga, uqiniseke ukuthi isibani sihlakazekile.

Isitha esiyingozi kakhulu isihlangu se-bromeliad. Kaningi kakhulu esitshalweni ungathola i-mealybug noma i-spider mite. Lapho silwa nalezi zinambuzane, ama-insecticides akhethekile asebenza kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ze-vriesia ezinezithombe namagama

I-vriesia ekhanyayo (iVriesia iyaqaqamba)

Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile kakhulu kwezimbali zasendlini. Isitshalo esiphakathi nendawo, sakha ama-rosette amaqabunga ama-lanceolate alukhuni we-hue eluhlaza obumnyama ngemivimbo eluhlaza okotshani (ubude beqabunga - kufika ku-80 cm). Ama-inflorescence anombala omise okwenziwe ngamabhulashi abomvu akhanyayo nezimbali eziphuzi ze-nondescript.

I-Kilevaya Vriesia (Vriesea carinata Wawra)

Ama-rosette aluhlaza wesitshalo akhiwa ngamaqabunga amancanyana anomucu omnyama okhanyayo obude obungama-20 cm. Ama-inflorescence aphakathi nendawo (cishe ubude obuyi-6 cm), aqukethe obomvu obucwengekile ngamathiphu aluhlaza obhulowu kanye nezimbali ezincane eziphuzi ezinemilenze emifushane.

ISanders Vriesia (iVriesia saundersii)

Isitshalo esiphansi esakha ama-rosette angamaqabunga amaqabunga aqine kakhulu angaba ngu-30 cm.Iqabunga lePlatinamu linombala oluhlaza okotshani onamabala amaningi ansundu. I-panicle inflorescence evulekile, enamabhulokhi amaningi aluhlaza okotshani ophuzi, enomqhele wezimbali ezincane zepende ephuzi.

I-Vriesia zamorensis (Vriesea zamorensis)

Isitshalo esihle kakhulu esingagxiliziwe esinamaqabunga amahle aluhlaza acwebezelayo angamaqabunga aluhlaza angaba ngu-30 cm nama-inflorescence ahlukahlukene, aqukethe ama-bracts of a hue red red ogcwele iziqongo eziphuzi nezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe.