Ukutshala ama-plums ekwindla: imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Enye yezinto ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezifunwa izitshalo ezingadini zethu yiplamu. Ungowokuzalwa e-Asia, wasakazeka ngokushesha kulo lonke elaseYurophu, esefike eRussia. Ukuze lesi sihlahlana esingenakonakala sithathe izimpande futhi sinikeze isivuno esicebile, hhayi ukunakekelwa okuhle kuphela, kodwa nokutshala okufanele kuyadingeka. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, kungcono ukutshala isitshalo entwasahlobo (Ephreli). Kepha ukufika ekwindla, okwenziwe ngaphambi maphakathi no-Okthoba yiyo yonke imithetho, nakho kuyenzeka.

Izinzuzo nobubi bokutshala kwekwindla

Ukutshala ama-plums ekwindla kunezinzuzo zako:

1. Uma isitshalo singaphili ebusika, khona-ke entwasahlobo singamane sithathelwe indawo ngomunye.
2. Amafriji okubuyela emuva ngeke akwazi ukuthinta isikhathi sokutshala - isihlahla sesivele emhlabathini.
3. Ukuvuswa kwama-buds kudinga umswakama kanye nokudla, futhi inhlabathi ehlangene njengamanje izokunikeza konke okudingayo.
4. Umbukiso uzoqala ukuthela isithelo isizini edlule kunangesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo.
5. Isithombo esimbiwe ekwindla asizweli emonakalweni wohlelo lwezimpande, ngoba sisusiwe enhlabathini ngemuva kokuqedwa kwenkathi yokukhula.
6. Asikho isidingo sokugcina lesi sihlahla emiseleni yokutshala kwentwasahlobo.
7. Umthamo ophindwe kabili wokudla okunempilo (ngokufakelwa ekwindla nokunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo).

Kunobunzima:

1. Ukushisa okuphelele kuyadingeka ebusika isitshalo.
2. Iplamu kufanele itshalwe ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokukhula, kodwa kungabi ngaphansi kwamaviki angama-3-4 ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa.
3. Ukwehluleka ukuqapha njalo isimo sokuhlwanyela.
4. Ubusika ngokuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa kunzima kakhulu ekusindisweni kwesihlahla esisha. Izinhlobo zethu eziningi zifa ebusika.

Ukufika kwangaphandle

Ukuze imbewu ikhule futhi ibusika ngempumelelo, kubalulekile ukulandela le mithetho elandelayo ngokulungiselela ukutshala:

• Umgodi wokufaka kufanele wembiwe kusengaphambili, amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala.
• Ubukhulu bomgodi yi-70x70x70, uma kunezithombo eziningana noma umugqa wonke - ibanga phakathi kwazo akufanele libe ngaphansi kwamamitha amathathu.
• Phansi komgodi wokudonsa amanzi entwasahlobo kufakwa amanzi akhishwe ezitini ezaphukile, amatshe amatshe ngesihlabathi, amatshe amatshe amancanyana anesendlalelo esingu-10-20 cm.
• Isendlalelo esilandelayo i-organics. Ingavuthwa umquba noma i-humus.
• Kulandelwa ungqimba lomhlabathi ojwayelekile onobukhulu obungama-3-5 cm, ukuze izimpande zezinhlamvu zesilenda zingashiswa. Izinga lokushisa lengqimba ye-organic lizoba ngaphezulu kakhulu kunenhlabathi ejwayelekile, futhi ukudla okugcwele okwindla okugcwele kuzothuthukisa ukuqala kwenkathi yokukhula (ukuvuvukala nokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu) ebusika. Lokhu akumele kuvunyelwe. Izinto eziphilayo zibekelwa ukusetshenziswa yi-seedling yayo ezinkathini ezilandelayo, ngoba umuthi uzokhula kule ndawo iminyaka eminingi.
• Umhlaba wonke wokutshala uxutshwe nengxenye ngomlotha wezinto eziphilayo nezinkuni (0.5-1 l). Lo mhlabathi uzogcwalisa umgodi lapho ubeka isitshalo.

Ukukhetha Izithombo

Amathiphu ambalwa:

1. Lapho ukhetha i-seedling, gxila kuphela ezinhlakeni ezihluliwe.
2. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka isici sokuzala: kwezinhlobo eziningi zamaplamu, impova iyadingeka, ngaphandle kwayo izithelo azibeki. Izinhlobo ezicebayo zithwala izithelo kangcono uma kunendawo engamakhompiyutha.
3. Ukuze uthole insimu yekhaya encane, kungcono ukuthenga izinhlobo ze-plum ezingaphansi (kufika ku-2 m).

Ithebula lezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zesifunda saseMoscow nesifunda maphakathi lizosiza.

Ngokwezinhlobonhlobo ze-Yakhontovaya ngokuzazisa okuyingxenye, abahamba phambili be-pollinators bazoba yi-Skorospelka red or Pamyat Timiryazev.

Ukutshala amaplamu eSiberia nokuqhubeka nokunakekela kuyenziwa ngendlela efanayo naseRussia yonke. Kubalulekile ukukhetha izinhlobo ezihlikihliwe ezingakhiqiza futhi zithele izithelo ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezinzima zasebusika zaseSiberia. Futhi esinye isici ukwakheka kwesitshalo ngesihlahla esiphansi.

Indawo

Eminyakeni yokuqala, umsebenzi oyisihlahla seplamu ukukhulisa isisindo semifino, okungukuthi, ukukhula ngobubanzi nokuphakama.

Esikhathini sokukhiqiza ngokugcwele, iplamu izofika ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kepha ukukhula okuqondile nokubekwa kwesitshalo kwenzeka lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala.

Leli siko liyasaba ukubhalwa phansi, libalele kumakhaza asezindaweni eziphansi, lapho kumanzisa khona umoya. Akasithandi ngempela isithunzi. Ingahle ivumelane nomthunzi oyinxenye, kepha izoletha izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu endaweni enokhanya kahle.

Abalimi abanolwazi batshala ama-plums ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kocingo nezindlu, kepha bekhumbula ukukhanyisa kwansuku zonke.

Inhlabathi

I-Plum ithanda inhlabathi evundile evundile nenqanaba elingathathi hlangothi le-acidity. Akukhathalekile ukuthi inhlabathi iyagcwala noma igcwala, isimo esikhulu ukutholwa okujwayelekile kwesihlahla ngenani elanele lezakhamzimba.

1. Inhlabathi ye-Clay ayilungele iplamu. Naphezu kokwakhiwa kwayo okunothile, ibamba umswakama, futhi isiko alikubekezeleli lokhu. Futhi, odakeni lwesomiso, izimpande zezihlahla azikwazi ukuthola amanzi futhi ziyafa ngaphandle kokunisela njalo.
2. I-Plum ngeke ikhule kahle enhlabathini ene-acidic, ngakho-ke abanikazi bezindawo ezinjalo emgodini wokutshala banegalelo le-deoxidant. I-lime eshisiwe, ufulawa we-dolomite ngisho nomlotha ojwayelekile wezinkuni udlala le ndima.
   Isiko alishintshiwe neze ezimeni zokubhalwa kwamanzi. Umswakama omile uyabhubhisa.
3. Amaxhaphozi nenhlabathi enamanzi amaningi aphansi komhlaba ngokwezakhi akufani. Uma umnikazi wesigaba esisezingeni eliphansi ethathe isinqumo sokutshala isihlahla, khona-ke singakhula kuphela ebangeni elikhulu, lapho kukhona okungenani amamitha ayi-1.5 ukuya emanzini.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuthi ungatyala kanjani iplamu ekwindla:

1. Isikhonkwane sokhuni sihanjiswa maphakathi nomgodi olungiselelwe ngenyanga noma isigamu senyanga, okuyothi eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kube ngukusekelwa kwesitshalo.
2. Indunduma yakhiwa kusuka kumhlabathi owembiwe lapho kuzobekwa khona isithombo.
3. Izimpande zihlolisiswa ngokucophelela: ezonakele nezimbi ziyasuswa, zide kakhulu ziyanqunywa, zomiswe - zimanzi te. Musa ukushukumisa umhlabathi laphouthengelwa khona lesi sihlahla.
4. Isitshalo sibekwa maphakathi nomgodi wokufika, ngqo esidulini. Izimpande ziqonde azungeze imiphetho bese zilala ngomhlabathi ngobumnene. Isikhonkwane sitholakala cm cm kusuka enyakatho. Inhlabathi akufanele ivale intamo yezimpande, ihlala i-3-5 cm ukuphakama.
5. Izimpande zesihlahla ziyaqhubeka ukumbozwa ngomhlaba, zihlanganiswe ngobumnene ukuze izikhala ezingaphansi komhlaba zingakheli emgodini.
6. I-Garter yeshipping kuya isikhonkwane kungenzeka kuphela ngentambo noma indwangu enkulu, kodwa hhayi ngentambo.
7. Isigaba sokugcina ukunisela okuchichimayo (kuze kube ngamabhakede ama-2 ngesitshalo ngasinye), emva kwalokho - kukhulula inhlabathi bese kufakwa umhlabathi wenhlabathi esondelene nesiqu.

Leli siko kulula ukulikhulisa, ngisho ne-novice ingayiphatha, into esemqoka ukutshala okufanele nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo. Okungukuthi, ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo, ukhula iziqu zemithi kusuka ukhula, ukwakheka kanye ukuncipha umqhele, sishaye ezifweni kanye izinambuzane, ukususwa kwezimpande amahlumela, whiteshashing esiqwini kusuka imigodi Frost.