Isigqi sesimanje nezimo zokuphila kunzima ukuthola isikhathi, isibonelo, ukunakekelwa kwezimbali, kodwa usufuna ukuba nezitshalo eziphilayo kumafasitela. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi bafuna izimbali zangaphakathi ezingenakuzithoba ezingakwazi ukumelana, ngokwesibonelo, ukungabi nesikhashana kwesikhukhula noma ezinye izinkinga. Lezi zitshalo zihlanganisa i-cactus. Sifuna ukwethula wena kummeleli oyedwa ongavamile walomndeni. Ukungajwayelekile kwaso kungenxa yokuthi akusiyo inaliti-like, kodwa ishidi. Kuthiwani uwele.
Incazelo ye-botanical
Pereskiya (Lat. Pereskia) kungokomndeni wakwaCacti, kodwa ngokubukeka kufana nabo: esikhundleni sezinaliti kunamaqabunga amnyama. Kodwa-ke, kulabo be-botanists, lokhu akuyona into engavamile, ngoba bayazi ukuthi esikhathini esedlule cishe zonke i-cacti zazinamaqabunga, futhi izimo zokuphila ezimbi kuphela kanye nesimo sezulu esomile sabenza saba mncane kuya ezinaliti. 
I-Pereskiya ikhula ngesimo sehlathi elikhulu noma umuthi omncane, kunezinhlobo ezikhuphukayo. Kukhona ameva esiteshini. Amahlamvu - obukhulu, obuhle bombala obomvu noma obomvu. Ukuma kwabo kuyi-oval noma i-lanceolate. Ubukhulu beqabunga lezinhlobo zihlukile, zingaba kusuka ku-1.5 kuya ku-25 cm.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde ngemikhakha yemilingo ye-cactus, yiziphi izinhlobo ezifanele ukuzala ekhaya, ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani lesi sitshalo, okungukuthi: indlela yokunisela, ukulwa nezilokazane nezifo, futhi ufunde konke mayelana nokukhiqiza izitshalo nokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-cactus.
Njengoba zikhula, umbala omuhle futhi oqhakazile wamahlamvu uphela, ngesikhathi sokuphumula bawa ngokuvamile, futhi i-trunk ithatha yonke imisebenzi yawo. E-axils yeqabunga kukhona ama-areoles anezimpande. Amathula akhula ngamunye noma ngamaqembu.
Izimbali zenzeka ehlobo noma ekwindla. Izimbali zifana nokubukeka kwezimbali ze rose rose. Ngamunye ungabahlangabeza ngokungapheli. Ngokujwayelekile zivela ngamaqembu. Ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, izimbali zinephunga elimnandi le-citrus.
Ngemuva kwezimbali, isikhathi se-fruiting siqala. Izithelo zinamanzi. Ngaphakathi ziqukethe imbewu enkulu emnyama. Isikhathi sokuphumula sisuka ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari.
I-Central naseNingizimu Melika ibhekwa njengezwe lomhlaba Isikhathi sokuqala lesi sitshalo sachazwa ngo-1703. Incazelo enikeziwe nguCharles Plumiere. 
Leli gama libizwa ngegama lomuntu ososayensi odumile waseFrance uNicola-Claude de Peyresc. UKarl Linnae wabeka isitshalo esihlokweni se-cacti. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ngo-1754, isitshalo sezitshalo saseNgilandi uPhilip Miller sahlukanisa uhlobo oluhlukile, iPhereschia.
Namuhla le mbali ithandwa ngabantu abavuna imbali yasekhaya. Kungabuye itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile nasendaweni yokugcina izithombo.
Uyazi? I-cactus enkulu kakhulu emhlabeni ibhekwa njenge-giant cereus, ukuphakama kwayo kufinyelela kumamitha angu-25, isisindo sayo singamathani ayi-10. Futhi isitshalo esincane kunazo zonke esiyi-prickly yi-blassfeldia. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamentimitha amathathu kuya kwangu-3.
Izinhlobo
Ababelethi bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezingu-18 ze-pereskis, ezihlanganisa izihlahla nezihlahla. Sizokutshela ngezinhlobo ezithakazelisayo nezijwayelekile ezansi.
Pereski Prickly
I-Thorny cross (lat. Pereskia aculeata) inamagama amaningana - uwele ngapha nangapha, I-Barbados ugqumugqumu. Lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswe nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ngokuthi yi-curls ngendlela yama-lianas, kanye nokuthi likhona amaqabunga nezithelo ezidliwayo. Ubhekisela ezihlahleni ezinqabile. Endle, ikhula ePanama, ogwini lwaseNingizimu Melika, ema-Antilles.
Ubude be-stalk obungazungeza ukwesekwa kungafinyelela kumamitha angu-10, ezindaweni ezihlala kuyo kungaba ngamamitha amathathu. Amaqabunga alolu hlobo lwama-oval angama-oval, angaba kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-10 cm ubude. Amafomu atholakale anombala obomvu nombala obomvu webhele eliphansi leshidi. 
Kunezinhlayiya ku-stem. Omdala isitshalo, kakhulu kakhulu futhi bunzima.
Ekupheleni kwehlobo, isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala ekuqaleni kwe-perisaceous prickly. Izimbali ziphekwe, zigcwele imifino enesibhakabhaka. Yiba nephunga elimnandi elimnandi.
Esikhathini sezithelo ze-fruiting, ezomjikelezo nezizungezile zezimbali eziphuzi, ze-orange noma ezibomvu ezinezinhlangothi ezingu-1-2 cm ububanzi zivela. Inyama yesithelo namaqabunga angadliwa.
Emhlabathini ovulekile lesi sitshalo sitshalwe ukudala amahlaya amahle. Ifinyelela umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa kakhulu ezindlini zokugcina izithombo.
Uyazi? Abantu abaningi bakhetha ukuqoqa i-cacti. Iqoqo lokuqala lezitshalo zangaphandle liqoqwe engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-XVI ngumuntu wemithi waseLondon egama lakhe linguMorgan.
Pereskiya Godseffa
I-Pereskia Godseffa (lat. Pereskia godseffiana) ineziqu ezincane ezinemibala emnyama, ama-bunches akhula. Amaqabunga ayesimo se-oval, enemiphetho ebukhali enobude obuyi-6 cm. Iphepule leqabunga eliphezulu lidwetshwe embala obala obala, isikhungo saso - emthunzini omnyama. Amaqabunga amaqabunga aphansi anama-pink or purple hues.
Esikhathini sezimbali, izimbali eziphakathi kombala omhlophe noma ukhilimu zikhiwa. 
Ngezinye izikhathi isiphambano sika-Godseff sihlukaniswa sibe yizilwane ezihlukile.
Pereskiya orange
I-Pereskiya orange (lat. Pereskia bleo) ikhula kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-8 m. Isihlahla sishaya kancane. Iziqu ezincane zimbozwe amagxolo anemibala. Ububanzi bawo bufinyelela ku-15 cm.
Amaqabunga amancane anezimvini ezihlukene. Khula kuma-petioles ende. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izimbali ezinkulu ze-orange ezinkulu zihlanganisa ububanzi buka-5-6 cm. Ngaphandle, zifana nama-roses.
Sincoma ukuthi sifunde nge-cacti ethandwayo yasekhaya eyi-10.
Izithelo ziyi-cone futhi zinephunga elimnandi le-ananas. Akufanelekile ukudla.
Lezi zinhlobo zitholakala ePanama naseColombia endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-400-900 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ikhulile ngentshiseko eMalaysia ngenjongo yokuhlobisa kanye nokwelapha. 
Abantu bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi amaqabunga e-orange peresya ama-prophylactic amahle ngokumelene nezifo zesisu nesisu somdlavuza. Futhi izimali ezisekelwe kuzo zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ingcindezi, amazinga kashukela egazini.
Pereschia Grandiflora
Pereschia Grandiflora, noma ngaphezulu kunamandla (Lat. Pereskia grandiflora) endle ikhula kuze kube yi-5m ukuphakama futhi ibe ngu-20 cm ububanzi. Isiqu sigcwele amameva amaningi 2-3 cm ubude. Kuyinto enzima, i-chestnut-colored. Amahlamvu ahlangene, afinyelele ku-23 cm ubude. Khula kuma-petioles kuze kufike ku-1.2 cm. Awela phansi ekushiseni kuka-10 ° C.
Njengoba kucacile egameni lezi zinhlobo, izimbali zabameleli bayo zinkulu. Yiba nombala obomvu obomvu. Iqoqwe kuma-inflorescences wezingcezu ezingu-10-20, ingahle ikhule yedwa. Noma kunjalo, izimbali eziluhlaza zalesi simo esihle zingatholakala kuphela ngokuzinakekela kahle. 
Pereschia Weber
U-Weber Perescia (lat. Pereskia webehana) ubeka izihlahla ezincane ezifanele ukudala ibhonsai ezihlahleni. Ubude be-stem bufinyelela ku-1 kuya ku-3 m, ububanzi - kufika ku-12 cm. I-rhizome yesitshalo iyancipha. Amaqabunga amancane, afakwe esihlahleni ngaphandle kokusika.
Izimbali kulezi zinhlobo ziningi. Izimbali zincane - kufinyelele ku-2 cm ububanzi, ububala obunemibala. Izimbali ezide, zihlala phakathi kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. 
Izici zokunakekelwa
I-Pereski ingabizwa ngokuthi isiko elingenakuzithoba, noma kunjalo, ukuze likhiqize izimbali futhi lijabule ngokuzihlobisa kwayo, kuyadingeka ukwanelise lokho okuthandayo ngesikhathi sokutshala nokunakekelwa.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Pereskiya - isitshalo esithandayo. Indawo engcono kakhulu yokuhlala kwayo yi-sill window, ebheke eningizimu. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi amaqabunga nezimbali aziwi ilanga eliqondile, ngaphandle kwalokho zingashisa. Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo kufanele senze i-pritenyat.
Kubalulekile! Lesi sitshalo sizokwazi ukusinda ngokukhanya okuncane, ngokwesibonelo, ekujuleni kwekamelo, kodwa kuzoqhakaza kuphela ngokukhanya okuhle ngokwanele okwanele.
Esimo sezulu esifudumele, imbali ingavezwa emoyeni omusha, noma kunjalo, umthunzi ovela emisebeni eqondile yelanga futhi igubungele ukuwa kwezulu.
Uma ungenalo i-balcony noma i-loggia, khona-ke ikamelo lapho imbali ikhula khona kufanele ivuleke kaningi. 
Uma usuku luba mfushane kakhulu, lesi sitshalo singanikezwa ukukhanya okungeziwe okuhlala isikhathi eside cishe amahora angu-10.
Ukushisa
Ukushisa okunethezeka kakhulu kokukhula kwe-crossbreed kungu-22-23 ° C. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, kuyadingeka ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kuqala ukuya ku-+15 ° C (ekwindla), bese kufika ku-12-14 (ebusika). Ukushisa okuphezulu okungajwayelekile ukuthi isitshalo singadlulisa ngo-+10 ° C.
Ukugcina ezimweni ezibandayo ebusika yisiqinisekiso sokuthi imbali izoqhakaza kakhulu entwasahlobo.
Umswakama nokuphuza
I-pereski air humidity ayiyona ipharamitha eyinhloko yokukhula okuphumelelayo. Izobuyisaniswa nomswakama ophansi, kodwa kuyoba kuhle kakhulu ngokupompa ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi athambile.
Imbali ithuliswa lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba ebhodweni loma. Ngesikhathi sokuqala kwesikhathi eside, inani lokunisela kufanele linciphise, ngaphandle kwalokho ungabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sefungal. Ebusika, ukuchelela kwenziwa ngokungajwayelekile - kanye noma kabili ngenyanga, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga azoqala ukuqubuka.
Kudingekile ukuba amanzi kuphela afudumele amanzi afudumele kusuka kumpompi noma ngamanzi aqhakazile. Uma amanzi enzima kakhulu, kudinga ukutholwa ngokufaka i-acetic noma i-citric acid.
Umhlaba
Ukutshala usebenzisa i-substrate yezingxenye ezilandelayo:
- amaqabunga emhlabeni - izingxenye ezimbili;
- umhlaba we-clay-turf - izingxenye ezimbili;
- humus - izingxenye ezimbili;
- isihlabathi somfula - ingxenye eyodwa.
Ubuningi be-Acidity buyadingeka - 5-6 pH.Ibhodlela elikhulu elibanzi lizokwazi ukutshala ukuze livumelane nesistimu yezimpande ezitshalwe kahle.
Umanyolo kanye namanyolo
Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuphumula, okungukuthi, kusukela ngo-Mashi, isitshalo sidinga ukudliwa kabili ngenyanga. Faka isicelo semifuno esitolo esenzelwe i-cacti, kodwa ngesilinganiso sinciphise isigamu.
Ukudla kokugcina okukhiqizwa ngoSeptemba. Esikhathini esizayo, bayoba engaphephile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni izitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho, bangabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo.
Uma ukhetha ukutshala imbali ngamanyolo wamaminerali, khona-ke i-nitrojeni kumele ithathwe kwisilinganiso esincane sokuvimbela ukubola ezimpandeni.
Ukufakelwa
Izitshalo ezincane zifakelwa njalo ngonyaka. Ukutshala izihlahla kwenzeka entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kwenkathi ekhulayo, besebenzisa indlela yokuguqula. Nge-transplanting ngayinye uthatha ibhodlo elikhulu. Izihlahla ezindala zifakelwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemibili.
Emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, isitshalo kufanele sibekwe endaweni epholile, ebumnyama futhi singaswakanyiswa izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ukukhula okujwayelekile kwesivuno, lapho utshala kanye nokufakelwa kokufakelwa komunye, akufanele umuntu akhohlwe ngokubeka ebhodweni lokugeleza.
Ukuzalana
Ukukhiqizwa kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Imbewu.
- Cuttings.
Ezimweni zokuhlala, yiqiniso, kungcono ukusakazwa yi-cuttings. Izihlahla zokutshala zidinga ukukhetha abasha, hhayi okwamanje zimbozwe ngezinkuni. Zinqunywe entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Ngamunye wabo kumele abe nenombolo eyodwa okungenani. 
Ngemuva kokusika, ama-cuttings agxiliwe emabhodini nge-peat ejulile ne-perlite. Ungazifaka nje emgodini wamanzi, kodwa ukudala ukushisa okuvela kulesi filimu. Futhi esimweni sokuqala nesesibili, izimpande kufanele zilinde kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-15 kuya kwezingu-20. Ukuze uthole imifino ye-rooting, kufanele udale izinga lokushisa ngo-25-28 ° C
Imbewu itshalwe entwasahlobo ezitsheni. Kufanele zihlume ngokukhanyisa okungafani futhi izinga lokushisa alikho ngaphezu kuka-+21 ° C. Emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga okuqala emahlathini, bawela emiphakathini ehlukene. Khona-ke nabo benza imisebenzi efanayo kanye nezitshalo abadala.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngokunisela kakhulu isitshalo kungabhubhisa izimpande. Ukuze ugweme le nkinga kanye nesidingo lapho utshala ubeka amanzi ahlanzekile, azosusa umswakama ongaphezulu. Zama futhi ukuhambisana nesilinganiso uma uchelela.
Ngesinye isikhathi ama-pereska amahlumela angase ahlanganiswe ngesikhunta futhi athambeke. Kubonakala sengathi ukubola kwe-gray gray. Ikhula phezu kwesitshalo, uma ikhula njalo emswakeni ophezulu futhi kungabikho ukujikelezwa kwayo. Ngokushesha uma uqala ukulwa nalesi sifo, ukuphumelela ngokwengeziwe kuyoba umphumela wayo.
Uma kutholakala izibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo, kubalulekile ukunciphisa umswakama emoyeni ekamelweni, ukuyeka ukuphalaza nokuphuza njalo. Kudinga ukwelashwa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile.
Lesi sitshalo kumele siphathwe nge-fungicide yesistimu noma ingxube ye-2% isepha yendlu kanye no-0.2% we-sulphate yethusi, isixazululo se "Fundazole" (0.2%), ukulungiselela "i-Topsin-M" (0.1%). Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, ukwelashwa kufanele kuphindwe.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nama-fungicides athandwa kakhulu ezindlini ze-floriculture zasendlini.
Kulezi zinambuzane zomnqamlezo, i-mealybugs iyisici. Ziphuza ama-juice abalulekile kuwo, ngenxa yalokho isitshalo singafa.
Ukulwa nezinambuzane, kusetshenziswe izindlela ezimbili: umshini - ngokukhwabanisa kwezinambuzane, ukupuniza ngamakhemikhali ngezindlela ezikhethekile ("Aktellik", "Rogor", "Aktara"), abantu - ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-soap-alcohol, i-garlic tincture, i-emulsion yomnqumo.
Amathikithi, izinambuzane ezinambuzane kanye ne-thrips zingahlasela i-pereski. Baye balahlwa ngosizo lwe "chemistry" (amalungiselelo "Fitoverm", "Aktovit", "Vermitek", "Apollo") kanye namakhambi omuntu (isisombululo sesephu, utshwala wezokwelapha, decoction of cyclamen).
Kunzima ukukhula
Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukukhulisa i-pereski. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:
- ukuphoqa - ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa yokunisela noma ukulinganisa okuncane lapho imbali ikhula khona. Inkinga kufanele ihambe ngokushesha uma uthola ukuchelela okwenziwe kahle bese uphinde ufake isitshalo;
- ukululaza amahlumela, ukwandisa ubude be-internodes - ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kubalulekile ukukhetha enye indawo imbali, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, noma ukufaka ukukhanya okungeziwe;
- i-blanching amahlamvu - isibonakaliso sokukhanyisa ngokweqile. Kudingekile ukuba ubhodlela i-pritenit ngesitshalo.
Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna isitshalo esihle futhi esingenakuzithoba esifanele ukuhlobisa indlu, khona-ke i-crosshair cactus iphelele kule misebenzi.I-cacti iphinde ihlanganise: ama-mammillaria, aloe, ripsalis, echinocactus Gruzoni, hymnocalicium, flower Decembrist, hatiora, epiphyllum, opuntia.
Ibonakala ngezimbali ezindala nezokuqala, ukukhula okusheshayo, iphunga elimnandi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-trunk yayo ayihlotshisiwe hhayi ngamava, kodwa ngamaqabunga, okuyinto engavamile kakhulu kwabamele abakwaCacti.
