Gooseberries - Izihlahla berry zisetshenziswa, esinye sembatho kunazo. Ihlukaniswa ukukhiqiza okukhethekile, ukuqina nokukhethwa okucebile kwamavithamini.
Isidingo sokufika
Ama-Gooseberry aqukethe uvithamini C, B no-A, kanye no-20% kashukela. Emadolobhaneni angaphansi, lapho ungatshala khona ngokuthula ingadi encane ema-dachas, kubalulekile ukuba okungenani nesihlahla esisodwa ukulondoloze impilo yomndeni. Ngokufakwa kancane kancane kwama-gooseberries ekudleni, ubungozi be-hypertension nezinye izifo eziningi zenhliziyo ziyancishiswa.
Isikhathi sokufika
Emakethe yezithombo, ezimweni eziningi ungathola ama-gooseberry ngohlelo oluvulekile lwezimpande. Ukuze lesi sitshalo sithathe izimpande, sitshalekile ngaphambi kokuba amagqakhasi avuvukale noma lapho isihlahla sesisindile. Isikhathi esihle sonyaka entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Lapho ukhetha isizini enhle kakhulu, udinga ukubheka isifunda okwenziwa ngaso indawo.
I-Autumn
Engxenyeni eseningizimu yeRussia, ama-gooseberries akufanele atshalwe entwasahlobo, ngenxa yokushisa izithombo azinaso isikhathi sokuthatha izimpande futhi isitshalo siyafa. Ngenkathi ekwindla, emazingeni okushisa athambile amasonto angama-2-3, uhlelo lwezimpande lwesitshalo luyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi lulame.
Isikhathi sokufika esifanele sisukela ngoSepthemba 15 kuya ku-Okthoba 15. Isilimo sokuqala singavunwa ehlobo elizayo. Ungalibali ukubamba. Isitshalo ngeke sibe nesikhathi sokujwayela indawo entsha futhi ngeke sisinde ekubandakanyeni kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.
Ntwasahlobo
Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, ukufika lapho kwenzeka entwasahlobo. Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esingashisi, uhlelo lwempande zejamujiki lihlangana kalula emhlabathini omusha ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, ulungiselele ubusika obude.
Lapho utshala ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, kubalulekile ukuqala inqubo ngaphambi kokuba isitshalo siqale ukuphuma kwe-sap. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isithombo singafa.
Ngentwasahlobo, kungcono ukhethe izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe. Isitshalo sivikelwe yinhlama yobumba, egcina umswakama ngaphakathi futhi ikhuthaze ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinhle ezimeni ezintsha.
Ihlobo
Ngaye, udinga ukuthenga izithombo ezikhethekile. Bayisihlahla esigcwele esitsheni esinamandla. Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo asibhekani nengcindezi enkulu futhi sithatha izimpande ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukushisa kwehlobo akunakulithinta kakhulu.
Engxenyeni ephakathi yezwe, ukutshala kungenziwa ngazo zombili izikhathi zonyaka, ngenxa yesimo sezulu esihle. Kepha abalimi basathanda ukutshala ekwindla noma ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
Ukukhetha Izithombo
Ilungele ukutshala izithombo, ezineminyaka engu-2 ubudala. Zineziqu namaqabunga akhiwe, futhi ubude bezimpande namahlumela bungama-20-30 cm. Lapho ukutshala, kuphela ama-buds ama-3-4 okufanele asale, futhi iziqu nakho konke ukweqiwa kuyanqunywa. Le nqubo isiza isihlahla ukuba siphile ngezimpande ezingafakwanga.
Uma isithombo esinezithombo ngohlelo lwempande esivulekile sikhethiwe ukuthi sitshale, khona-ke kubalulekile ukuthi amahlumela alo nyaka asevele ebindekile. Awukwazi ukubambezela ngokufakelwa futhi ukwenze izinsuku ezintathu.
Izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe ibekezelelwa kangcono. Umhlaba akufanele udilike futhi womile. Uma bedlula ukuzivikela, kufanelekile ukuwahlanganisa ngezandla zakho.
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesithombo kufanele luniselwe kakhulu, kungakhathalekile isikhathi sonyaka. 
Isikimu se-Gooseberry sokutshala ekwindla
Ukukhetha indawo nomhlabathi
Ukuze isitshalo siqale ngaphandle kobunzima, kumele kubhekwe imibandela eminingana:
- Akufanele kube nezakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu, uthango oluphezulu esifundeni. Banomphumela oyingozi kuma-gooseberries, awuvale kusuka elangeni, odinga kakhulu isivuno esihle.
- Ukutholakala kwezihlahla namakati amakhulu aseduze, kuthintela ukukhula okufanele kwama-gooseberries, ngoba ayinazo izakhamzimba.
- Indawo yokukhula kwesihlahla somhluzi kufanele ingene umoya, kepha umoya onamandla ungasibhubhisa lesi sitshalo.
- Indawo enamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kufanele ibe ngaphezu kwamamitha ayisigamu nesigamu ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Lapho zisondele, izimpande zizoqala ukubola ngokushesha. Lokhu kuzoholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Uma kunesidingo, dala igquma elincane.
- Inhlabathi, equkethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, ithinta kahle ukukhula kwama-gooseberries. Uma ingenalo inani elanele lezinto zokulandela umkhondo, khona-ke kufanele ikhiqizwe ngaphambi kokutshala isihlahla.
- Umquba, umquba kanye nemifino humus yizembatho ezivame kakhulu nezisebenzayo eziphezulu zenhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingavundiswa nge-superphosphate, i-potassium chloride noma i-urea, kepha kwimithamo yomuntu ngamunye. Konke kuncike kwikhwalithi yenhlabathi nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali.
Iphethini yokufakelwa
Kunezinhlelo eziningana zokutshala i-gooseberries. Izinhlobonhlobo nendawo esihlwanyelwe kuyo isitshalo sithinta ukukhetha:
- Mahhala - umongo wokunciphisa kabili. Izitshalo zitshalwa emva kuka-75 cm, kusale imitha eyi-1 phakathi kwemigqa. Lapho imiqhele yezihlahla iqala ukuthinta (lokhu kuzokwenzeka eminyakeni embalwa), kuzodingeka ukuthi ibhujiswe, iphindisele ezinye zazo kwenye indawo. Inqubo kufanele iphindwe njengoba kudingeka.
- Ngokuncipha okwalandela - ebangeni lamamitha ayi-1.5 ne-aisle 2 yamamitha.
- Phakathi kwezihlahla - kufanelekile ukuhlukaniswa imigqa ngamamitha ama-4, okuvumela isihlahla ukuba sikhule kahle. Lapho lesi sitshalo sifinyelela usayizi oyifunayo, sithinta imiqhele yezihlahla, siyasigaya, sigcine ibanga elingama-30 cm kusuka esiqwini, ukuze sidluliselwe.
I-Gooseberry Stepping
Kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka wonke amaphuzu ukuze ugweme ukufa kwesitshalo:
- Ukujula komthombo ngamunye kufanele kuye ngosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande lwesithombo. Imvamisa, ubukhulu busuka ku-40 kuye ku-55 cm ubukhulu. Umgodi kumele ulungiselelwe kusengaphambili.
- Lapho udala imigodi yesitshalo, kufanelekile ukubeka izingqimba zenhlabathi ezindaweni ezihlukile, ngoba zinokwakheka okuhlukile kwezinto ezilandelwayo.
- Umanyolo walungiswa kusengaphambili - humus noma umquba:
- I-200-300 g ye-superphosphate;
- 300 g womlotha wokhuni;
- I-60 g yanoma yimuphi umanyolo ophakeme nge-potassium;
- 50 g we-limestone.
- Umanyolo ukhelela emgodini. Umthamo wayo akufanele wedlule amalitha ayi-10.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, ungqimba olungaphezulu lwenhlabathi ebunjiwe luyagcwaliswa, ukugwema ukuthintana ngqo nomanyolo ohlanganisiwe. Inhlabathi kufanele igcwalise umgodi ngo-10 cm.
- Isithombo sibekwa ngaphezulu futhi kufanele sifakwe ngqo. Izimpande zidinga ukuqondiswa ngokuzifaka endaweni eqondile ngaphandle kokulimaza.
- Izimpande zejamuberry zimbozwe ngenhlabathi engaphansi.
- Amanzi nomhlaba kuhlanganiswa lapho isitshalo silele. Inani elifanele loketshezi esihlahleni ngasinye ngamalitha ayi-10 (ibhakede eli-1).
- Ukuze ugweme ukwakheka kwama-voids, umhlaba oseduze kwesithombo ukalwa ngezandla.
- Intamo yezimpande kufanele ibe ngu-5 cm enhlabathini futhi kuphela lapho usungayeka ukungcwaba isithombo namanzi okokugcina.
