Amazambane amahle kuwo wonke amafomu: okuthosiwe, abilisiwe, aphekwe, aphekwe, njengamazambane ahlambulukile, ama-chips namafrimu aseFrance. Kodwa, kuye ngokuthi ezihlukahlukene, kuhle kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, amazambane "i-Romano" ngezwi elilodwa adumisa bonke ochwepheshe bezolimo, nabalimi bemifino, abasebenzi bezokuthutha nabathengisi, benesizathu sokuthi benze kanjalo.
Umlando wokuzala
Lezi zinhlobo ezihlukahlukene eziphumelelayo zamazambane zakhiwe ngabalimi bezitshalo baseDutch ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ngokushesha wathola ukuthandwa hhayi ezweni lakubo kuphela nakwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane, kodwa naseMpumalanga Yurophu, lapho ayebambe khona cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi ayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, abafuyi bezungeze imakethe yemifino ngezinhlobo ezintsha zamazambane ezithembisayo, esesesimweni sobuqhawe baseRomano abazange banqotshwe ukucindezelwa kwabaphikisana, abazange balahleke phakathi kwabo, kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, baqinisa isikhundla sabo njengenye yezinhlobo zamazambane ezihamba phambili.
Izithelo zama-Dutch breeders "Agrico" nazo zonke izinhlobo "Umfula" no "Aladdin".
Incazelo yezilimo eziyizigaxa
I-Romanov "amazambane angahlukaniswa kalula yi-pink ye-peel pink, amehlo angajwayelekile futhi angajulile nesimo se-oval-round. Phakathi kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, isisindo esilinganisweni esingama-95 g, cishe asikho ezincane.
Ngaphansi kwekhasi eliqhelile, inyama iyatholakala, umbala wayo ochazwa abanye ngokuthi ukhilimu okhanyayo, kanti abanye njengabacebile. Kodwa ngokuphathelene nokunambitha, akukho ukuphikisana: kulesisindo sokunambitheka kwamaphuzu ayishumi, izitshalo ze-tubano ze-Romano zithola amaphuzu ayishumi. 
Kusukela ezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane aqukethe Isitashi samaphesenti angu-17 futhi cishe amaphesenti angu-19 udaba olomile, kuvela amazambane amahle amakhulu. Ngokusho kobuciko be-culinary, lezi zinhlobonhlobo cishe zilungile ukudoba, ukudoba, ukupheka, ukupheka amafrimu amaFrench nokwenza iziphuzo.
Ngiyajabula ngokubonakala kwezilimo eziyizigaxa "i-Romano" kanye nabameleli bokuhweba. Ukunikezwa kwamazambane kulinganiselwa ngamaphesenti angu-96.
Uyazi? Emhlabeni jikelele, amazambane acashunwe njengesitshalo esikhulu sokudla, ngaphandle kwamabele. Ngokuma konke, amazambane avumela ukolweni, irayisi kanye nommbila phambili..
Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene
Ngaphandle kwezimfanelo zokunambitheka eziphakeme ngokungenakuphika, ama-ahlukahlukene amazambane "i-Romano" abuye ahlukaniswe yizivuno eziphakeme, kunesikhathi sokuvuthwa kokuqala kanye nokumelene nezifo.
Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane
Ukuthola i-immunity enhle, le amazambane anekhono elikhono lokulwa nezifo eziningi zamazambane nezinambuzane. Isibonelo "I-Romano" ayesabi neze:
- ukulimala kwelanga, mayelana nezilimo eziyizigaxa, nokuphikiswa okuncane kancane kwamashiya;
- izifo zegciwane;
- isikhala;
- I-Colorado ye-potato beetle;
- izifo ze-mosaic;
- rhizoctoniosis.
Okuwukuphela kwenkathazo okubhekiswe kuyo lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezingenalo igciwane, yilo golden potato nematode. 
Precocity
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamazambane zihlelwe esigabeni izinhlobo eziphakathi kwasetafuleni. Ivuthwa ezinyangeni ezintathu. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi cishe akanalo nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane.
Izinhlobo ezivuthiwe zokuvuthwa zakuqala zihlanganisa i-Adretta, uSante, i-Ilinsky, i-Rodrigo, i-Colombo, isibindi, ne-Black Prince.
Ukuthela
Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezivelele kakhulu kubalimi bemifino ezinhlangothini ezinhlobonhlobo ukuzimela kwayo kusukela esifundeni esikhulayo nesimo sezulu. Yonke indawo futhi njalo uhlinzeka isivuno esiqinile. Ngokwesilinganiso, isihlahla ngasinye salezi amazambane sikhiqiza kufika ku-800 amagremu wezitshalo ze-tuber, okuyi- Ama-quintals angu-600 ngehektare.
Uyazi? Ikhono elimnandi lamazambane ukuhlanganisa nokudla okuhlukene kanye nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokucubungula uvumele ukuzisebenzisa ukupheka izitsha ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili, phakathi kwazo okukhona ngisho nokudonswa.
Izifunda ezikhulayo
Lezi zimila zikhula kahle kuzo zonke izifunda zaseYurophungaphandle kweNyakatho Ede, naseMpumalanga Ekude. Enye yezimfanelo ezibalulekile zamazambane aseRomania yikhono layo lokukhula ngokuphepha ezindaweni lapho kunenkathi eyomile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazambane "amaRomanov" azwela kakhulu ku-frost. 
Imithetho yokufika
Nakuba lezi zinhlobo zamazambane zikhiqiza isitshalo esisimeme, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunezimo zezulu nezimo sezulu, umlimi ngamunye unesithakazelo esivuneni esiphezulu. Kodwa ngenxa yalokhu kufanele wenze umzamo othile.
Isikhathi esiphelele
Ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa ezitholakala emhlabathini akufanele kube yize kube yingozi yengqungquthela. Ukushisa okunamandla okutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa emhlabathini kuphakathi kuka-15 ° C no-20 ° C. Kusobala ukuthi ezindaweni ezihlukene lezi zimo zenziwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene.
Uma kunquma isikhathi sokutshala amazambane, abanye balimi baqondiswa ikhalenda yenyanga.
Ukukhetha indawo
Ukuze uzuze isivuno esihle, udinga ukukhetha indawo enhle yokukhula kwayo. Le ndawo kumele ihlangabezane nalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- ukukhulela amazambane, izindawo ezivulekile nezaneleko ze-sunlit zikhethiwe;
- Izitshalo eziphansi, izindawo ezimanzi nezikhukhula ziphikisana;
- indawo enhle yokutshala ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni aseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga;
- imiphumela emihle ingafinyelelwa ngokutshala amazambane kuleyo nhlabathi ephathwayo.
Abanduleli abalungile nababi
Ukubheka ngokukhethekile lapho utshala le mifino kufanele uqaphele ukuthi yiziphi izidumbu ezibekwe phansi, okuhloswe ngazo amazambane.
Kuyoba kuhle ukukhulisa amazambane emhlabathini owatshalwe ngaphambili:
- ukolweni;
- i-oats;
- I-Vicia;
- i-beetroot
- izaqathe;
- ukhukhamba;
- iklabishi;
- imifino;
- ifilakisi;
- izitshalo ezimnandi;
- lupine.
Kodwa kakhulu engathandeki sitshala amazambane emhlabathini lapho ayekhula ngaphambili:
- utamatisi;
- ama-eggplant;
- pepper
Akunconywa ukuthi ukhule lesi sitshalo iminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu endaweni efanayo.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba
Esiqhingini esivulekile neselanga esilungiselelwe amazambane, kufanele kube nomhlabathi owenza umvuno omkhulu. Njengoba lesi siko singathandi umhlabathi wamanzi, uma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze, kubalulekile ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa emagqumeni noma emagqumeni.
Inhlabathi enomsoco kufanele ihlanjululwe nge-lime noma i-dolomite ufulawa.
Funda ukuthi ungazikhethela kanjani ngokucophelela i-asidi yenhlabathi esakhiweni bese ukhipha inhlabathi.
Inhlabathi eyisihlabathi enamandla futhi enamandla ingathathwa esimweni esidingekayo ngokufaka i-humus noma i-peat ngesamba ibhakede elilodwa ngamamitha wesikwele. Ama-humus ne-peat afanayo afakwa enhlabathini enesihlabathi neyesihlabathi ngokufakwa komhlabathi wobumba. 
Kuwusizo futhi ukondla inhlabathi ngamaminerali omanyolo ngesimo sezipuni ezimbili ze-superphosphate, isipuni se-potassium sulfate kanye nengilazi yokhuni lomuthi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, endaweni ehloselwe amazambane, kufanele kwenziwe imisebenzi enjalo:
- Njengoba amazambane anesifiso sokungcola, inhlabathi egcwele umoya, abamba isakhiwo ekwindla, hhayi ukulinganisa nge-rake noma i-harrow. Ukuze kusetshenziswe amanzi emibhedeni, imigodi iguqulwa ngayo lapho amanzi anamanzi athambile khona.
- Ezimweni zensimbi enzima kakhulu, kuyasiza ukuwahlukanisa ekwindla ngokusebenzisa imigwaqo efaka isandla ekomelweni ngokushesha kwenhlabathi entwasahlobo.
- Ngentwasahlobo, inhlabathi kumele ihlwetshwe kabusha iphinde ichotshozwe nge-harrow. Lapho uhlwanyela izilimo eziyizigaxa, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emswakama womhlaba, okuyinto engathandeki kuzo izimo zombili ezingaphezu kwamanzi nezidliwayo.
Ukulungiselela kokutshala izinto
Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziphakeme kakhulu zokutshala nazo zithinta ukuvuna esizayo. 
Ukuze utshale izinto zithole isimo esidingekayo, kufanele:
- Emasontweni amathathu ngaphambi kokutshala, lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zilungiselelwe lokhu kumele zithathwe endaweni efudumele, eyomile futhi ekhanyayo, engenakufinyeleleka, kodwa, ukukhanya kwelanga.
- Ukushisa kwemoya enhle akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-18 ° C.
- Ukuze ugweme ukomisa lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele zifakwe ngezikhathi ngezikhathi ngamanzi.
- Ukuze uvimbele izifo zefungal nezinye izifo, ukutshala izinto kuyasiza ukucubungula ama-fungicide.
- Ukusetshenziswa komlotha kuyasiza kakhulu ekwandiseni isivuno. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amazambane amanzi kudingeka afafaze ngamapulangwe ash.
Isu nokujula kokufika
Njengomthetho, amazambane atshalwe futhi akhulile emigqeni. Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala lapho iRomano nazo zingabakho khona ngokuvamile zitshalwe ibanga elingamamitha emitha phakathi kwemigqa kanye nebanga lika 25-35 amasentimitha phakathi kwezimbobo.
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokufika ngefomu:
- ibushelelezi;
- umsele;
- i-ridge.
Uma indawo yomhlaba ehloselwe ukutshala imifino yindlala, ikhanyiswe ilanga futhi ingenawo amanzi aphelile, lapho ukutshala kuhlanganisa ukumba izimbobo isigamu sefosholo ekujuleni nasekugubheni izilimo eziyizigaxa ngemuva kokuzifaka emigodini. 
Ezimweni ezishisayo, emhlabathini onesihlabathi futhi onesihlabathi ogcina umswakama kahle, kunconywa ukutshala amazambane emathonjeni angajulile kusuka kumamentimitha angu-5 ukuya kwangu-10, okuyinto ekwindla kuyasiza ukutshala nge-humus, peat kanye ne-sawdust.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphandle kwalokho le ndlela ingasetshenziswa ezimweni ezinomswakama futhi ezinomsoco, ukuqhuma kwamanzi okuzochitha phansi amazambane.
Kodwa emhlabathini onzima kakhulu onamazinga aphakeme angaphansi komhlaba, okuphambene kuyiqiniso. Lapha ama-combs kufanele ahlelwe ngokuphakama kwamamentimitha angu-30 kuya kwangu-30 kanye nebanga lokungenani amasentimitha angu-70 phakathi kwawo. Le ndlela iqinisekisiwe ukuvikela izilimo eziyizigaxa kusuka kwamanzi. 
Indlela yokunakekela
Izinhlobo zamazambane "I-Romano" imizamo eqinile ekuzinakekeleni ayidingi. Kuyinto engacabangi futhi imelana nezifo, noma kunjalo, ezinye izici ekutshalweni kwayo kufanele zicatshangelwe.
Ukunisela
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibekezelela isimo sezulu esomile, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi kukhululekile ngaphandle kwamanzi. Njenganoma yimaphi amazambane, ikhetha inhlabathi enomqondo omanzi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi kwakhiwa izilimo eziyizigaxa, ukuqala ngesikhathi kanye nokwakheka kwefihlekile kanye nezimbali.
Kubalulekile! Ngokuvamile, umthetho jikelele ukuthi umswakama womhlabathi ngaphansi kwamazambane kufanele ube ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-80 okugcwele.
Ezimweni zemozulu ezilinganiselwe, lapho kunezimvula ezivamile, amazambane angeziwe angadingeki. Kodwa lapho isimo sezulu sinemvula futhi singenayo imvula, kuthatha izikhathi ezimbili kuya kathathu ngosuku ukuzisela amanzi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo yokuchitha amahlathi amazambane ukugqoka ezintathu.
Ngaphakathi okokuqala lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi kukhula ubuningi obuhlaza. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka kuphela uma iziqongo zingakhiwa kahle, amaqabunga ane-tinge ephuzi, kanti iziqu zincane kakhulu. Khona-ke kufanele kuhlakazwe ebhaketheni lamanzi ku isipuni se-urea kanye nomanyolo wemifino yonke. Lesi sinkinga kufanele senziwe ngesilinganiso sehafu engaphansi kwehlathi ngalinye ngaphansi kwenhlabathi enomanzi.
Uma izimbali ziqala ukwakha, kufanele zigcinwe okwesibili ukondla, okuyinto yebhakede lamanzi, ingilazi yezinkuni nompuni we potassium sulfate, udinga ukwenza ingxube evuselela izimbali.
Futhi ngosizo ukudla okwesithathu ukusheshisa ukwakhiwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Phakathi kwezimbali kuyinhlanganisela yebhakede lamanzi kanye namapuni wezipuni zemifino yonke yemifino kanye ne-superphosphate, okuyi-half of litre eyenziwe ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokudla amazambane.
Weeding futhi ukhululeke inhlabathi
Kungakapheli isonto emva kokuqala kwamahlumela asebenzayo emibhedeni kubalulekile ukuhoxisa isikhalazo sokuqala sokukhulula nokulimaza. Ukuhluma okulandelayo nokukhipha inhlabathi kufanele kwenziwe ngokusekelwe kwinani lokhula, izimo zomhlabathi nesimo sezulu. Lokhu kuvame ukuqhutshwa okungenani kathathu ngesizini ngasinye. 
Hilling
Ukulima, ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwezitshalo, izimbali kanye nokwakhiwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili kuya kumamitha ayisithupha ubude.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zokuqala ze-"Romano" ziyacutshwa ekupheleni kukaJune, kanti inqwaba yokuvuna ifika ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Ukugubha izilimo eziyizigaxa kumele zomiswe izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu noma ilanga noma ngezinsuku zemvula - ngaphansi komkhumbi.
Ngaphambi kokuvuna imifino yokugcina isitoreji, kubalulekile ukukhetha izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingcono kakhulu njengezinhlamvu zemvelo esikhathini esizayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo "i-Romana" iyaphawuleka ngamandla okugcina ama-tuber wokugcina, ngenxa yokuthi iyakwazi ukugcinwa endaweni emnyama nepholile isikhathi eside kakhulu ngokulahlekelwa ukulahleka. Isikhumba esinamahloni amazambane sithinta ukuhamba okungenabuhlungu phezu kwamabanga amade. 
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Phakathi kwabaningi kufanelekile Amazambane amaRomano ngokuvamile agxile kulo:
- ukunambitheka okukhulu;
- isethulo esihle;
- amathuba okuthutha isikhathi eside kanye nokulahlekelwa okungenani;
- isivuno esimeme;
- ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane;
- Ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana kokunciphisa inhlabathi;
- isikhathi sokugcina esingalahleki;
- ukuphendula ekunikezeni ukudla.
A ukwehluleka lokhu okuhlukahlukene kuncane kakhulu. Lezi zihlanganisa:
- ukutholakala kweqhwa;
- i-rind thick, okuyi-plus lapho ihamba, kodwa kwabanye kubonakala sengathi i-drawback lapho ipheka izilimo eziyizigaxa;
- ukuhluleka ukumelana nematode yegolide yamazambane.
Ukubuyekezwa kwamazambane "Romano"
Izinhlobonhlobo zamazambane "Romano" emncintiswaneni onzima nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zemifino zasinda ngempumelelo futhi zagcina isikhundla sayo emasimini abo abalimi kanye neziqephu zabo siqu, abathengi abathandekayo ngendlela enhle kakhulu.
