I-Oncidium luhlobo lwe-perennials ye-herbaceous yomndeni wama-Orchidaceae. Indawo yokusabalalisa Ephakathi naseNingizimu Melika, eningizimu yeFlorida, e-Antilles.
Abamele lolu hlobo lwama-epiphytes, kepha kunezinhlobo zama-lithophytes nezitshalo zomhlaba. Izimbali zifana nezimvemvane ezinwabuzelayo ngaphandle kwe-pupae. Ngakho-ke, i-oncidium ibizwa nangokuthi onodoli abadansa.
Izinhlobo ze-oncidium nezici ekunakekelweni kwazo
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-700 zezinhlobo ze-orchid ezisetshenziselwa i-oncidium, ezingafaki izinhlobo ze-hybrid.
Ziyahluka ngombala wezimbali nesikhathi sokwenza kwawo, izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe kanye nezinye izinto eziningi.
| Buka | Incazelo | Izimbali, isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwazo | Ukushisa kokuqukethwe | |
| Ihlobo | Ubusika | |||
| Moth | Amacembe aluhlaza ophuzi anemodeli yemabula. I-Pseudobulb inika i-peduncle eyodwa iminyaka eminingana. | Amabala abomvu ansundu, amabala anemibala eluhlaza okotshani, umlomo ophuzi onamabala ansundu. Okhanga uvemvane-obukeka njengezimpondo. Agasti - Septhemba. Amaviki ama-2-3. | + 25 ... +30 ° C | + 15 ... +19 ° C |
| Lanza | Amacembe aqine enenyama, aluhlaza okhanyayo, amachashazi amancane ekhofi azungeze imiphetho. | Olive, enamabala amancane ansundu-violet (5 cm), lip - white-pink. Iphunga elimnandi. Septhemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. | ||
| Brindle | Ikhula ibe ngama-1 m. Amaqabunga angama-2-3s angamaqabunga. | Obomvu-nsundu, onomlomo omkhulu ophuzi. NgoSepthemba - Disemba inyanga. | +20 ... +25 ° C | + 12 ... +16 ° C |
| Muhle | Phezulu (kufika ku-1.5 m). Amahlamvu akhula kusuka kunhlamvu eyodwa, iqonde futhi iqinile. Umbala - luhlaza ngokujulile ngombala onsomi. | Kuphuzi okugqamile (8 cm). Novemba - Disemba. | ||
| Twisty | Isikhathi eside, sisakazeka, sinamaqabunga aluhlaza ajulile. | Uphuzi omncane. Septhemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. | Kufika ku- +22 ° C | + 7 ... +10 ° C |
| UWarty | Phezulu (kufika ku-1.5 m). Amacembe aluhlaza aluhlaza. Zisakazwa kaningi (kuze kufike kuma-PC ama-100). | Umbala weCanary onama-red brown ansundu. Agasti - Septhemba. | ||
| Ushukela Omnandi | Icwebile Ukusuka isibani sicindezelwe ngokuqinile komunye nomunye, akukho ngaphezu kwamaqabunga ama-2 akhula, i-green hue ekhanyayo. | UGolide (3 cm). Janawari - Disemba. Kabili amaviki ama-2. | + 14 ... +25 ° C Zizwa omkhulu ngaphandle. | + 10 ... +22 ° C |
| Qhafaza | Icwebile Okugeleza okuningi (kuka-100). | Okumhlophe, okuphuzi okukhanyayo, okubomvana, okubomvu okumnyama (1.5 cm). Ukunambitheka okumnandi kwe-vanilla. Janawari - Disemba. Kabili ngonyaka. | ||
Izimo ezijwayelekile zokukhula kwe-oncidium
Ukunakekela i-orchid oncidium kuqukethe ukudala, uma kunokwenzeka, indawo eseduze nemvelo.
| Ipharamitha | Izimo |
| Indawo | Eningizimu, eningizimu mpumalanga. Ukungenisa umoya njalo egumbini. Ehlobo, izihlalo zangaphandle. |
| Isibani | Kusakazeke kakhulu. Ukuvikelwa elangeni eliqondile. Unyaka wonke amahora angama-10-12. Ebusika, ukukhanya emuva ngama-phytolamp. |
| Umswakama | 50-70%. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo naphakathi kokushisa kobusika, fafaza ngokucophelela ngaphandle kokuxhumana nezimbali. Humidization usebenzisa amadivaysi akhethekile, ubumba olunwebekile olumanzi epanini. Ukuqedwa lapho amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi kuka +18 ° C. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Ngokukhula okusebenzayo ngemuva kokubonakala kwe-peduncle, Umanyolo wama-orchid. Ngempande - yehlisa umthamo izikhathi 2, foliar - amahlandla ayi-10. Ngokunye, ukondla okwamaviki ama-2-3. Lapho uvula imibala, yeka. |
Izici zokunisela
Isitshalo esidala ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo - kanye njalo emavikini ayi-1-2. Akusebenzi - kanye ezinyangeni ezi-1-2. (hlola umugqa owomile - 10 cm).
Inqubo:
- Kulungiselelwe isitsha samanzi afudumele (sikhudlwana kancane kunokushisa kwegumbi).
- Gxilisa lapho imbiza ye-orchid yehora.
- Bayikhipha emanzini, bayidedele bese bayomile.
Lapho kuvela i-pseudobulb entsha, ukuthambisa kuqediwe. Lapho wenza i-peduncle (ngemuva kwenyanga), yenza njengenjwayelo. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ngaphambi kwesikhathi esishisayo.
Ukufakelwa
I-Orchid ayithandi ukuphazamiseka. Ngakho-ke, ukufakelwa kwenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezilandelayo: ukugcotshwa ngokweqile kwembiza yezimbali, ukubola kwezimpande, ukulimala kwe-substrate. Kwenziwa, njengomthetho, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-3-4.
- Thatha inhlabathi yama-orchid noma uzilungiselele: izingxenyana ezincane zegxolo likaphayini, amalahle, amakhanda we-peat, i-moss-sphagnum ehlanganisiwe (isilinganiso esilinganayo).
- Ukuvimbela izehlakalo ezibabazekayo, engeza isihlabathi somfula ohlanganayo, ushoko ochotshoziwe, izitini ezibomvu ezichotshoziwe (10%). Sterilize (umusi, kuhhavini).
- I-orchid iyakhishwa, icwiliswe emanzini amahora amathathu.
- Sika zonke izimpande ezilimele, usike izigaba ngamalahle acushiwe. Shiya isikhashana ukuze ome.
- Thatha imbiza yepulasitiki engashoni enezimbobo. Gcwalisa nge-1/3 drainage drainage (ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amatshe), olungiselelwe nge-substrate (3 cm).
- I-pseudobulb yakudala ye-orchid ibekwa cishe ngo-2 cm kusuka emaphethelweni esitsheni, bese encane iqondiswa enkabeni.
- Kufakwa inhlabathi, ishiye ama-pseudobulbs enamathela okwesithathu, amboze nge-moss enomswakama.
- Kungakapheli isonto, lesi sitshalo kasiniselwa.
Ukuzala
I-oncidium orchid isatshalaliswa ngezindlela ezimbili: ukusebenzisa isibani noma ukuhlukanisa isihlahla.
Bulba
Uma isitshalo sinama-bulbs ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu, amahlumela ama-3 ahlukaniswa zombili ngommese obukhali. Izilayi ezifafazwe ngamalahle. I-Oncidium ayithelwanga amanzi ngaphambi nangemva kwayo (kuphela emva kwezinsuku eziyi-7).
Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush
Kuhlangothi ngalunye amahlumela ama-3 ahlukaniswe.
Kwesinye isikhathi isitshalo ngokwaso sinikeza ihlumela elincane elihlukile, limane nje linqanyulwe esitshalweni sikamama.
Amaphutha nekhambi lawo, izifo, izilokazane
U-Orchid angagula uma ungalandeli imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekelwa.
| Ukuboniswa kwamaqabunga, njll. | Isizathu | Isixazululo |
| Ukubola. | Amanzi. Umswakama owedlulele uqoqiwe endaweni yokukhula futhi ngaphakathi kwezindonga zamaqabunga. | Jwayela ukuthambisa. |
| Ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezinsundu. | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma fungal. | Izingxenye ezilimele ziyasuswa, ukusikeka kwamalahle kuyelashwa. Khulisa imvamisa yokunisela. Pholisa egumbini. |
| Ukubhukuda, kufaka ama-bulbs, ukomiswa kwezeluleko. | Ukuntuleka kokunisela, umoya owomile. | Dala ubukhona bemvula. |
| Ukuvela kwamabala amhlophe, futhi nasezimbali. | Umanyolo owengeziwe. | Ukudla okulungile. |
| Uphuzi nokuwa kwezimbali. | Ilanga elikhanyayo. | Ukuqaphela. |
| Ukuvela kokubumba, izimpande ezinsundu, umphunga, umswakama kumahlamvu nasesisekelweni. | Ukubola kwezimpande. | Izindawo ezithintekile ziyasuswa. Izicucu ziyenziwa. Isitshalo siyatshalwa, siphuziswe ngezikhathi ezithile nge-foundationazole. |
| Ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezinamanzi amhlophe, kufaka phakathi ama-bulbs amasha. | Ukubola kwegciwane. | Izingxenye ezithintekile ziyagawulwa, ziphathwe nge-Bordeaux fluid. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3, phinda. |
| Ukumboza isibani ngenhlanganisela ye-waxy, ukwakheka okumhlophe kukotini. | I-Mealybug. | Faka isicelo se-foam yesepha kusuka kwensipho yokuwasha ihora eli-1. Futha nge-drugar Actar, vala lesi sitshalo ngephakethe izinsuku ezintathu. |
| Ukufiphaza umhlane, ukubonakala kwama-cobwebs. | Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Smear isixazululo sotshwala. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, chitha kakhulu bese ufafaza, uthele esikhwameni. Icutshungulwe ngu-Actellik, Actar. |
