I-Cherry plum isatshalaliswa kabanzi engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia. Abalimi bezindlela ezihlukene zokuzijabulisa bangazijabulisa bona kanye nomndeni wabo ngezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezibomvu zalesi sitshalo. Ukukhetha izinhlobonhlobo zeplamu yama-cherry ngokutshala esizeni, akulimazi ukujwayelana neGolide yeScythian - mhlawumbe yilokhu okudingayo.
Incazelo yezinhlobo ze-cherry plum Zlato Scysians
Izinhlobonhlobo zatholakala ngonyaka we-1997. Ingeniswe ebhukwini loMbuso ngonyaka we-2005. Kuvezwe esifundeni Esiphakathi.
I-Scythian Zlato yisihlahla esiphakathi nendawo enomqhele onqabile oqhakaza amahlumela aminyene, ophuzi. Ukuqina kwalo ebusika kuphezulu, izinkuni zibekezelela iqhwa liye ku-30 ° C, kepha izimbali eziqhakaza ngezinye izikhathi ziba yiqhwa ngesikhathi sokubuya kwamaqhwa. I-Cherry plum yamelana nezifo zokukhunta. Ukuvuthwa kokuqala kweZlata Scysians kuphansi kunalezinhlobo ezidumile - umlimi uzobona amajikijolo okuqala ngonyaka wesine emva kokutshala. Ukukhiqiza kungaphakathi (kuze kufike kuma-30 kg ngeminyaka ephumelelayo), okungajwayelekile.
Izinhlobonhlobo zegolide zaseSkthiy umuthi ophakathi nendawo
Ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi (maphakathi noJulayi), okungahlangani kanyekanye. Imvamisa kuvunwa kuma-reception angama-2-3 ngokuphumula kwezinsuku ezingama-5-7.
Njengoba izinhlobonhlobo zizithele ngokuphelele, zidinga ama-pollinators. Ama-plums ama-China noma i-cherry plum angasebenza ngekhwalithi yawo:
- Isipho eSt.
- URuby
- I-Pavlovskaya ephuzi.
Amajikijolo ayindilinga oyindilinga, makhulu. Isisindo esijwayelekile se-fetus ngama-35 g. Umbala wesikhumba noshizi ophuzi. Uginindela umuncane, u-fibrous, namanzi. Ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu, kumnandi, kune-acidity emnandi. Amaphuzu wokunambitha - amaphuzu ayi-5. Ithambo lincane, kunzima ukulihlukanisa. Inhloso yezithelo yonke.
Cherry iplamu amajikijolo eSkythian igolide namanzi, amnandi
Ngenxa yokuthwala kalula, amajikijolo adliwa kangcono futhi acutshungulwe endaweni yakini. Ku-+ 5 ° C, izithelo zingagcinwa amasonto angama-2-3.
Ukufika kwe-Cherry plum
Ukutshala i-cherry plum iZlato Scysians kulula ngisho nakwisilima esingenalwazi. Baqala, njengenjwayelo, ngokukhethwa kwendawo lapho umuthi esizayo uzokhula khona. Kumele ihlangabezane nenqubo ethile ehlobene nezimpawu zezinhlobonhlobo:
- Endaweni yokufika akufanele kube khona ukusondelana kwamanzi omhlaba nokushibilika kwamanzi.
- I-Cherry plum ayiveli ekwakhekeni kwenhlabathi. Kepha ukwakheka kubalulekile - kudinga inhlabathi evulekile futhi egxiliwe kahle ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi noma okuncane.
- I-Cherry iplamu ithela izithelo kuphela ngokukhanya okwanele nomoya omncane, kepha akayithandi into engakapheli.
- Futhi, isitshalo sesaba imimoya ebandayo yasenyakatho.
Mayelana nalezi zici, kungcono ukutshala iScythian Gold emithambekeni emincane eseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Ukuvikelwa emimoyeni kuyinto efiselekayo ngohlobo lwesakhiwo sodonga, uthango noma izihlahla eziwugqinsi ezitholakala enyakatho noma enyakatho-mpumalanga yendawo efikayo. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kuyadingeka okokuqala ukuthi kuhlelwe ukuvikelwa kwizivikelo ezikhethekile ezigotshwe ngamhlophe. Imisebe yelanga ekhonjiswa kusuka ngaphezu komhlaba izongeza ukushisa futhi kukhanyise isitshalo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngenhlokomo yasenyakatho.
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvuvukala kwamahlumela. Uma izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe yakhethwa, khona-ke zingatshalwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba.
Ukufika kwe-Cherry plum - imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Umphumela uzoncika ekutheni umqhathi wegadi usondela kanjani ekusetshenzisweni kwemithetho nezindlela zokutshala:
- Thola isithombo. Benza lokhu ekwindla, ngesikhathi sokumba okuningi kwezithombo ngemithombo yokuthengisa ethengiswayo. Ngendlela, kuzoba ngcono ukwenza lokhu enkulisa. Emakethe, ungathola noma yikuphi okungalungile okuvezwa ngumthengisi, noma umdlalo othile wasendle. Izithombo ezineminyaka engu-1 noma emibili ubudala zinezimpande ezingcono, zifaka izithelo ngokushesha - kufanele zikhethwe. Lapho uthenga, ahlola uhlelo lwezimpande - izimpande kufanele zibe ziphilile, zithuthukiswe, ngaphandle kwezigaxa nokukhula okungaphandle.
- Ubusika isithombo sizofihlwa emhlabathini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, engadini bambe umgodi oblong kanye ubude yisithombo. Ukujula kwalo kufanele kube ngu-30-40 cm. Ingqimba yesihlabathi ithululelwa ezansi. Kuyelulekwa ukucwilisa izimpande zibe yisigaxa sobumba, siyiyeke yomile bese ibeka izithombo emgodini. Bawugcwalisa ngesihlabathi, bawuthambisa bese begcwalisa umgodi ngomhlaba, beshiya kuphela isihlahla phezulu. Uma kunokwenzeka, ungagcina isithombo esendlini engaphansi kwesilinganiso sokushisa komoya esingu-0 kuye ku-5 ° C.
Kuze kube sentwasahlobo, lesi yisithombo sigcinwa simbelwa emhlabathini.
- Ngemuva kwalokho lungiselela umgodi wokufika. Yenza lokhu ngokulandelayo:
- Endaweni ekhethiwe, bambe umgodi onobubanzi obungama-70-80 cm kanye nokujula okufanayo. Kulokhu, ungqimba lomhlabathi ovundile lugoqwe ngokuhlukile - lungasetshenziswa.
- Uma umhlaba usinda, ubumba, bahlela ukukhipha amanzi ukuze kukhishwe amanzi ngokweqile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungqimba wamasentimitha ayishumi we-rubble, i-gravel, isitini ephukile, njll., Uthululwa phansi komgodi.
- Ngaphezulu gcwalisa umgodi ngengxube yezakhi - humus, chernozem, peat, sand sand ngokulingana. Faka u-2-3 l womlotha wezinkuni, 300-400 g we-superphosphate bese uhlangana kahle ne-pitchfork.
- Mboza umgodi ngezinto ezibonakalayo zomswakama (ifilimu, okokuphahla, isaladi, njll.) Ukuvikela ukugezwa kwezakhi.
- Lapho kufika isikhathi sokutshala, thatha isithombo bese ucwilisa emanzini amahora angama-2-3. Ungangeza i-Kornevin, i-Heteroauxin noma ezinye izinto ezikhuthaza izimpande emanzini.
- Umgodi wokufika uvulwa futhi kwakhiwa indunduma encane kulo.
- I-sapling ibekwe ngentambo yezimpande ngaphezulu kwe-knoll, izimpande zisakazeka emithambekeni yayo.
Isithombo kufanele sibe ngaphezu kwegquma lobumba
- Bazalisa umgodi ngomhlaba. Udinga ukwenza lokhu ngamaqhinga ambalwa, isikhathi ngasinye uhlanganisa inhlabathi.
Umhlaba uthululelwa emgodini wokufika kancane kancane, uhlanganise
- Beka intamo yezimpande ye-seedling endaweni ephakeme efanele. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi njengomphumela usezingeni lomhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, okokuqala udinga ukufaka intamo yezimpande ephakeme kancane. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi izozinza, futhi ibe sezingeni eliphakeme elifanele.
- Benza isiyingi sesibilishi ngobubanzi bomgodi.
- Amanzi kakhulu - yonke inhlabathi esegodini lokutshala kufanele inyiswe. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthintana okuhle kwezimpande nangomhlaba nokususwa kwama-bubble air, okuvame ukwakheka lapho umgodi ugcwaliswa.
Ukunisela isithombo kusiza ukufeza ukuxhumana okuhle kwezimpande ngomhlabathi.
- Ngemuva kokumisa inhlabathi, kufanele ikhululwe futhi ifakwe ngaphakathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa i-hay, humus, umquba, njll.
- Sika isithombo kube ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-60-80. Uma kukhona amagatsha kuwo, afinyezwa ngama-30- 40%.
Ividiyo: ungayitshala kanjani i-cherry plum
Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa
Ukuze kutshalwe i-cherry plum iZlato Scysians, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezifanayo nezindlela ezifana nezinye izinhlobo.
Ukunisela nokondla
I-Cherry plum kufanele iniselwe kaninginingi ngesizini, kuye ngenani lemvula. Njengomthetho, yenza lokhu cishe kanye ngenyanga. Isitshalo esisha esinezimpande ezingakakhiwa kahle izimpande zingadinga ukuniselwa kaningi, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni eyomile. Lapho unisela, inhlabathi yombuthano wesiqu somthi kufanele inwetshwe ukuze ijule ngamasentimitha angama-25-30. Ngemuva kokumiswa komhlaba nokwakheka kobuningi bendawo yokuqunjelwa, imibuthano yesigaxa iyakhululeka kanye nesigaxa sezimbali.
I-Cherry plum iqala ukondliwa kusuka onyakeni wesithathu ngemuva kokutshala. Kuze kube manje, kunamanyolo anele atshalwe ngesikhathi sokutshala.
I-overdose yomanyolo ayilimazi kangako kunokulimala.
Ithebula: Izinhlobo zokugqoka eziphambili i-cherry plum nesikhathi sesicelo
| Uhlobo lomanyolo | Izinsuku nobuningi besicelo | Izindlela nezithamo zemithamo |
| Umanyolo we-organic | ||
| Umquba, Peat noma humus | Ekwindla noma entwasahlobo njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3 | Fafaza ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu kwendilinga yesiqu bese ugaya. Inani lesicelo - 5 kg / m2 |
| I-Liquid | Ngemuva kokuqala kokuzala, ngonyaka. Isikhathi sokuqala - engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi ke enye izikhathi ezi-2 njalo emavikini ama-2 | Kuma-10 l amanzi gcizelela ama-2 kg we-mullein (ungangena esikhundleni se-1 kg yezinyoni noma i-5 kg yotshani obusha) ngesonto. Ngemuva kwalokho ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-10 futhi inisele kusukela ekubalweni kwebhakede elilodwa nge-1 m2 |
| Umanyolo wamaminerali | ||
| I-Urea, i-ammonium nitrate | Entwasahlobo, njalo ngonyaka | Fafaza ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu kwendilinga yesiqu bese ugaya. Inani lesicelo - 20-30 g / m2 |
| I-potassium Monophosphate, i-Potassium Sulfate | Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, njalo ngonyaka | Ingcibilikisiwe emanzini futhi iniselwe ngesilinganiso se-10-20 g / m2 |
| I-Superphosphate | I-Autumn, njalo ngonyaka | Fafaza ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu kwendilinga yesiqu bese ugaya. Inani lesicelo - 20-30 g / m2 |
| Umanyolo ongaqondakali | Ngokusho kwemiyalo enamathiselwe | |
Ukuncipha
Isigaba esibalulekile kubuchwepheshe be-plum yezolimo, okufanele singanakwa.
Ithebula: izinhlobo zokusikeka, imigomo nezindlela zokusebenzisa
| Uhlobo Lokuphonsa | Izinsuku | Izindlela zokwenza |
| Okuhlelekile | Entwasahlobo yokuqala yeminyaka engu-4-5 kusuka ekutshaleni | Yenza umqhele ngesimo "esitsha" esithuthukisiwe |
| Ezokulawula | Minyaka yonke ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo | Ukufaka umqhele ngokususa “iziqongo” kanye nezimpande ezikhula ngaphakathi komqhele. Kwenziwa kuphela uma kunesidingo, lapho kukhulisa umqhele |
| Ukusekela | Minyaka yonke ekuqaleni kwehlobo | Lokhu okuthiwa ukuxoshwa kwamahlumela amancane kwenziwa ngokunciphisa ngama-cm ayi-10-12. Lokhu kuthukuthelisa ukubekelwa phansi kwawo amagatsha nokufakwa kwezimbali ezengeziwe zokuvunwa ngonyaka olandelayo |
| Inhlanzeko | Minyaka yonke, ekwindla sekwephuzile kanye / noma kwentwasahlobo | Amahlumela omile, alimile futhi anesifo ayasikwa |
| Ukulwa nokuguga | Uma kunesidingo, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo | Kwenziwa ngendlela yokuveza amagatsha wamathambo ukuze unxuse ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha |
Umqhele we-cherry plum. Kungcono ukwakha igolide laseSkithe njenge "isitsha" esithuthukisiwe
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ama-plums ama-Cherry nama-plums anezifo ezivamile nezinambuzane, kanye nezindlela zokulwa nazo nokuzivikela.
Ukuvimbela
Isigaba esibaluleke kakhulu, ukuqaliswa kwalokho okufanele futhi ngesikhathi kuzovumela ukugwema ukutheleleka ngezifo nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane.
Ithebula: ikhalenda lezinyathelo zokuvimbela nezokuhlanzeka
| Isikhathi | Imicimbi | Ububanzi bomsebenzi |
| Okthoba | Ukuqoqwa kanye nokubhujiswa kwamaqabunga awile | Amahlamvu namagatsha kuyasha. I-Ash isetshenziswa njengomanyolo |
| Novemba, Mashi | Izihlahla zokuhlanzeka | |
| Novemba | Izihlahla ezi-Whitewashing | Kulungiselelwe isixazululo sekilayidi elisitshuluziwe, kufakwa i-1% sulfate yethusi, iziqu kanye namagatsha awugqinsi kwenziwa mhlophe. Amapende akhethekile engadi angasetshenziswa. |
| Novemba | Ukumba inhlabathi | Ukumba iziqu zeziqu zemvelo kujule ngangokunokwenzeka ngezendlalelo zomhlaba eziguqukayo. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngaphambi nje kwesithwathwa, ukuze izinambuzane zasebusika ezikhuliselwe ebusweni zife |
| Novemba, Mashi | Ukufafaza inhlabathi kanye nomqhele nge-sulfate yethusi | Faka isisombululo se-3% se-zethusi sulfate noma i-Bordeaux fluid |
| Mashi | Ukufakwa kwamabhande okuzingela | Kuzungeze iziqu eziphakeme ngo-0.5 m, kufakwa amabhande ezinophahla, ifilimu, njll. |
| Ukuhamba masishane | Isifutho Esinamandla Sokubulala izinambuzane | Faka isicelo se-DNOC kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3 neNitrafen kanye ngonyaka |
| Mid-Meyi (ngemuva kokuqhakaza), bese kuba njalo emavikini angama-2-3 | Isistimu yokufakelwa kwezinkukhu yesistimu | Faka izidakamizwa ezifana:
Akufanele usebenzise isidakamizwa esisodwa isikhathi esingadluli amahlandla ama-3 ngesizini ngayinye, ngoba umlutha futhi ulahlekelwa ukusebenza |
Izifo ezingenzeka nezimpawu zazo
Uma ukuvimbela kungasizanga noma kunganakwa, kufanele wazi izimpawu zezifo eziyinhloko ezingaba khona.
Kukhanye uMilky
Isifo se-fungal esiyingozi kakhulu. Isikhunta sisakazeka ngaphakathi kwamagatsha, sithinta izinkuni. Ifihla imithambo yegazi, yenze izinkuni ukuba mnyama futhi zife. Ngaphandle, lokhu akunakubonwa, kepha isitshalo sinikeza isibonakaliso - amaqabunga aqala ukukhanya, umbala wawo uba yisiliva. Ukubona lesi simo, kufanele usike igatsha futhi uqiniseke ukuthi izinkuni zimnyama. Uma kunjalo, igatsha lisikwa "libe yindandatho." Uma wonke umuthi uthintekile, uhlala kuphela ukuze uwusiphule. Wonke amagatsha athintekile ayashiswa.
Uma izinkuni ezisikiwe zinempilo futhi zikhanya, umlimi unenhlanhla. Futhi kuwuphawu lwesifo se-fungal esibizwa ngokuthi yi-milky shine. Ithinta kuphela amaqabunga. Kulokhu, umuthi uphathwa nge-fungicides.
Esihlahleni esithintekile yi-milky sheen, amaqabunga e-cherry iplamu abe ukukhanya, abilayo
Polystigmosis
Igama lesibili indawo ebomvu yeqabunga. Kuqala ngokuvela kwezindawo ezibomvu emaqabungeni. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi awe, futhi amajikijolo awanamaki. Isizathu esivame kakhulu ukungakhathalelwa kokufafazwa kokufafaza nge-fungicides. Kepha sekwephuze kakhulu ukuqala lokhu lapho sikhomba izimpawu zesifo.
I-polystigmosis iqala ngokuvela kwezindawo ezibomvu emaqabungeni e-cherry plum.
I-Moniliosis
Entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izinyosi zingena ezinhlangeni ze-pathogen. Ukhunta uthelela izimbali, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela amancane. Izingxenye zesitshalo ziyabuna bese zibuna, bese ziba mnyama. Ngaphandle, kubukeka njengokushiswa, yingakho lesi sifo sinegama lesibili - ukushiswa kwezindela. Ehlobo, ukhunta uthelela izithelo ngokubola grey. Ukuvimbela nokusebenzisa njalo ama-fungicides kuzosiza ukubhekana nale nkinga.
Ehlobo, i-moniliosis ithinta izithelo ze-cherry plum nge-grey bola
Izinambuzane ezingaba khona nezimpawu zomonakalo
Cherry iplamu izithelo efana izinambuzane ahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, uvendle weplamu, inundu le-plum, amabhu. Amabili okuqala ayizimvemvane, owesithathu yisipuni. Okubahlanganisayo ukuthi bonke babeka amaqanda abo ezimbalini ze-cherry plum, kanti izibungu zabo zidla izithelo nezithelo zamathambo. Ngakho-ke, lapho izibungu zitholakala kumajikijolo, sekwephuze kakhulu ukulwa.
Ama-Butterflies namabhungane kufanele abhujiswe ngaphambi nangemuva kokuqhakaza, esebenzisa izinambuzane (okokuqala ama-Decis, bese kuba yiFufanon, iSpark Bio, njll.). Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lokhu akufanele kwenziwe, njengoba izinyosi ziyohlupheka. I-centipede ingaqoqwa ngesandla, futhi izicupho ngama-pheromones nazo zingasetshenziswa.
Igalari yezithombe: Izilokazane ze-cherry plum
- UBhungane iplamu moth uqanda amaqanda awo imbali ye-cherry plum
- Isibungu se-plum moth sidla amajikijolo anejusi
- I-femon iplamu yabesifazane izalela amaqanda ezimbali ze-cherry plum
- I-plum sawfly larva idla ama-cherry plum amajikijolo angaphakathi
- Ama-centipedes angaqoqwa ngesandla, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezicupho ze-pheromone
- Izibungu ezikhulu izibiliboco zidla izikhwebu zamakhemikhali
Ukubuyekezwa mayelana nebanga le-Gold Scysians
NginoZlato (isithombo esincane, iminyaka emi-3 kuye) ebusika lo busika. Amagatsha aphezulu kwakumele asikwe - amasentimitha angama-30. Ukuphumula kuyaphila. Ukuqina kobusika, impela, kushiya ukufiseleka ...
Umama omkhulu
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Uma utshala iGolide ... ekuphakameni kwesisu / esifubeni seSipho SP / Pchelnikovskaya (noma izithombo zazo), khona-ke kwandisa kakhulu ubusika bezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo. Kunesikhathi kuze kube ubusika obulandelayo obunzima, ukugoma okuyizimfundamakhosi… Ngihlale namaSkithe kusukela ngonyaka ka-2000, futhi bengilokhu ndithela izithelo kusukela ngo-2004. Ukuqina kobusika kusezingeni eliphansi, ngamaphuzu angama-3.5 kuphela ngokusho kukaSusov. Uma kuthengiwe, kungcono uma ukugoma kwesitoko esinobusika obunzima senziwe endaweni ephakeme eyi-1,0-1,5 m. Kunambitha kakhulu.
toliam1
//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?t=114&start=345
Igolide lamaSkithe - Isihlahla sama-Pts. ntofontofo: ukuzala, okunokuphakama okuphelele okungu-2,5, ukuvuna kuyinjabulo, sisusa kusuka kuma-20 kuye kwangama-30 kg esihlahleni esisodwa, kepha… amaphiko aba 2 m ohlangothini ngalunye, okungukuthi, udinga indawo. Kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-7, isihlahla esisodwa sakhula futhi sathela izithelo kahle. Ngonyaka odlule, kwatshalwa ezinye izihlahla eziyi-8, kanti izinhlobo ezinhlanu zeplamu zadluliselwa, kwasala iplamu ezimbili kuphela. + UJulayi rose (uhlobo olufanele). Sine-cherry plum ethwele izimpande ngokuphelele, iqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka we-4. Ngezizathu zami, ngitshala kuphela impande ye-cherry plum.
Faina2005
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I-Cherry plum Gold yamaSkithe inamaphutha amaningi. Phakathi kwazo - ukuzala, hardness ebusika ephansi izimbali efihlekile, fruiting okungajwayelekile, ukuthutha ompofu wezithelo. Kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zokukhula, lokhu kushiyeka kuzokhokha ukunambitheka okuhle kwamajikijolo kanye nokuzithoba ekunakekelweni.
