URuellia (Dipteracanthus) isitshalo esiqhakaza emndenini wakwa-Acanthus. Ifana kakhulu ne-streptocarpus yomndeni wakwaGesneriev, kepha ngokungafani nabo, abathanda izimo ezipholile, yi-thermophilic. Leli gama lanikezwa ukuhlonipha usosayensi waseFrance owalithola kuqala - uJean Ruelle.
Uhla lokusatshalaliswa kwezindawo ezishisayo, izindawo ezingaphansi kweMelika, izindawo zamahlathi ase-Afrika, eningizimu ye-Asia. Empilweni yansuku zonke, ibizwa nge- petunia yaseMexico.
Incazelo yeRuellia
Uhlobo lwe-depteracanthus lubandakanya izinhlobo zotshani, izihlahlana nezihlahlana.
Izici ezihlukile:
- Isiqu siyamagatsha, kukhona indawo eqondile, enwabuzelayo, yokuhlala.
- Amahlamvu amade, acwengekile noma ayindilinga noma acwebezelayo, ingaphezulu i-emerald ngemithambo yomzimba, phansi kububende-bugundy.
- Izimbali (5 cm) zimhlophe, zibomvu, zimpunga-zipinki, zivele zingabi ngaphezu kwamahora angama-6-7 ezinqubekweni ezisekupheleni kwamaqabunga.
- Kwakhiwa ibhokisi lembewu endaweni yezimbali kuphela. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza futhi ngakusasa ekuseni, ngakho izinyanga eziningana (Agasti - December)
Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene zeRoullia zokulinyelwa endlini
Ekhaya, izinhlobo ezimbalwa zedipteracanthus kuphela ezitshaliwe.
| Buka | Ukudubula | Kushiya | Izimbali nesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwazo |
| EPortella | Indawo yokuhlala (45 cm). | I-Oblong, phezulu okuluhlaza okotshani okwenziwe ngemithambo emhlophe ne-brownish phansi (7 cm). | Okupinki okugqamile (ubukhulu - cm 2,5). Ukuphela kwehlobo. |
| I-Devos (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) | Amagatsha afinyelela kuma-40 cm. | I-Ellipsoid, i-velvety, i-emerald enamakhandlela akhanyayo, onsomi ngezansi (7 cm). | I-lilac ekhanyayo nge-petioles emhlophe (2 cm). Isikhuhlu ubusika. |
| Izimbali ezinkulu | Iqinisiwe, igwetshwe kufika ku-2 m. | U-Ovoid (10-15 cm) utshani. | Ibell-onsomi yensimbi ebunjiwe. Ubude - 10 cm, ububanzi - 8 cm). I-Autumn ukuqala kobusika (ngokukhanya okuhle kuze kube sentwasahlobo). |
| I-Britton (Brittonia) | Iqonde i-1 m, i-lignified ezansi. | Umbala omfishane omfishane ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka (5 cm cm). | UViolet, osikhumbuza izimbali ze-petunia, kukhona okusajingijolo, opinki, onsomi, okumhlophe izinhlobo (5 cm). Ukuphela kwentwasahlobo kungukuqala kwekwindla. |
| Okumnandi (okubomvu) | Qondisa kuze kufike ku-1 m. | I-oval oval, glossy (12 cm) eneziqu ezinde. | I-Tubular ebomvu ekhanyayo (3 cm ubude, 1 cm ubukhulu). Cishe unyaka wonke. |
| Makoya | Amagatsha (60 cm). | Luhlaza okotshani ngemivimbo yesiliva (cishe 7 cm), phansi nge-villi nsomi. | Ipinki (2 cm). Agasti - Januwari. |
| Karolinskaya (mncane ngokweqile). | I-Grassy, ingenalutho (50 cm). | Kumnyama mnyama. | I-Blue-violet (6 cm). Ukuphela kwehlobo ukuqala kobusika. |
Ukunakekelwa kukaRoell ekhaya
Ngokuyinhloko, izinhlobo zasendlini aziwona amakhanda ikakhulukazi, zidinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, futhi lokho akuyona yonke (Makoya, Karolinskaya).
| I-Factor | Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Ukuwa / ubusika |
| Indawo / Isibani | Ewindini lasempumalanga, ngenkathi useningizimu, vikela elangeni. | ENingizimu, nokuntuleka kwama-backlight phytolamp. |
| Akayithandi okusalungiswa. | ||
| Ukushisa | + 20 ... +25 ° C. | + 16 ... +18 ° C. |
| Ukunisela | Izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto kakhulu. | Isikhathi esingu-1 emasontweni ama-2 ngokulinganisela. |
| Umswakama | Kuphakanyisiwe. Kubekwe kude nemishini yokushisa. Ungafafazi, uthele epanini ngohlobo lwamatshe amanzi, eduze ne-aquarium, humidifier. | |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-2-3 ngamanyolo wezamaminerali we-liquid wezitshalo zomhlobiso, uhhafu womthamo. | Akudingeki. |
Ukufika, ukufakelwa, ukwakha ikamelo i-ruellia
Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa minyaka yonke, kusukela eminyakeni emi-3 njengoba uhlelo lwezimpande lukhula. Kwenze entwasahlobo (Mashi - Meyi).
Inhlabathi ilula, ingaphefumula. Sebenzisa inhlabathi ethengiwe ethengiwe noma esetshenzisiwe: inhlabathi yegadi neqabunga, isihlabathi esiqhekekile (perlite), i-peat (2: 3,5: 2: 2,5).
Ingxube yomhlabathi elungiselelwe ifudunyezwa kubhavu wamanzi imizuzu eyi-10 ukhipha isibulala-magciwane.
Inqubo-nyathelo-nenqubo:
- Kulungiswa imbiza entsha: ubukhulu bungama-3-4 cm ngaphezulu, ubukhona bomgodi wokukhipha kanye nengqimba yokudonsa (amatshe amancanyana, i-vermiculite, ubumba olwandisiwe).
- Susa ngokucophelela imbali esitsheni esidala.
- Hlola izimpande, ususe okonakele (ngommese obukhali, ubilisiwe imizuzu eyi-10 emanzini bese uphathwa ngotshwala). Izilayi ezifafazwe ngamalahle. Susa amagatsha awomile futhi angenalutho.
- Thela 3 cm wenhlabathi ungqimba lwamanzi, beka isitshalo bese ufafaza yonke ingxenye esele.
- Faka amanzi, faka endaweni ekhethiwe.
- Ukuze uthole i-acclimatization engcono ngenkathi yokukhula, izithombo ezincane zondliwa ngamanyolo (Uniflor-bud, Flower injabulo) kanye njalo emavikini ama-2.
Ukwenza i-Ruellia enezimpande ezinwabuzelayo zikhule ziye phezulu, kuyasekelwa.
Ukwenza isihlahla esihle, cindezela imbali njalo, susa amahlumela angenalutho, lokhu kuvuselela ukwanda nokuvela kwamahlumela amancane.
Ukuhiqizwa kabusha kwe-petunia yaseMexico ekhaya
Izindlela ezine zisetshenziselwa ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha: ukusika, imbewu, ukubeka, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla.
Izimbumbulu
Indlela elula:
- Thatha amagatsha asikiwe ngemuva kokuthena okulandelayo (10 cm).
- Faka ingilazi ngesisombululo esithuthukisa ukwakheka kwezimpande (izimpande, i-epin, i-heteroauxin) amahora angama-24.
- Lapho kukhona amashidi amakhulu, afinyeze nge-1/3.
- Otshalwe kumugqa omncane oswakanyisiwe (i-peat, isihlabathi 1: 1).
- Mboza ngesitsha sengilazi noma nge-polyethylene.
- Zonke izinsuku bayaphuma.
- Iqukethe lokushisa + 21 ... +22 ° C.
- Lapho izimpande zakheka (isigamu senyanga), zidluliselwa ebhodweni nenhlabathi evamile ye-ruellia.
Ukubekwa
Le ndlela futhi ayidingi mzamo omkhulu:
- Isiqu sitshekelwa phansi ukuze enye yezingxenye zayo ihlangane nayo, ijule kancane, ifafazwe nomhlaba.
- Lapho izimpande zihlukaniswa esihlahleni sikamama futhi zitshalwe zodwa.
Imbewu
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izitshalo zasendlini, le ndlela ye-ruellia nayo ayinzima.
Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwamabhokisi ezithelo, ayakhishwa, acindezelwe, imbewu ewile itshalwe ngokohlelo olulandelayo:
- Zisatshalaliswa ngaphezulu kwethangi ebanzi elungiselelwe ngomhlabathi (i-peat, isihlabathi 1: 1), ifafazwe kancane ngomhlaba.
- Mboza ngengilazi noma ngefilimu ukuze uqinisekise amazinga okushisa + 21 ... +22 ° C.
- Khipha umoya ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela (ngemuva kwenyanga) yakha ukukhanya okuhle.
- Lapho kukhula amashidi ama-4-5 agxibha ezimbizeni.
Bush
Lapho udlulisela umuntu omdala, isitshalo esikhulu kakhulu, uhlukaniswe izingxenye. Kwenze lokhu ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi uhlelo olukhulu lwezimpande. Kutshalwa izihlahla ezintsha ngayinye ebhodweni lwazo. Banakekela, babheka yonke imibuso nemithetho yokunakekela i-rullia.
Ubunzima ekunakekeleni i-rullia, izifo kanye nezinambuzane
Lesi sitshalo asitholakali ikakhulukazi ezifweni nasekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane eziyingozi, kepha uma ungalandeli imithetho yesondlo, kuphakama izinkinga eziningi, ezidinga ukungenelela okuphuthumayo.
Izimpawu Ukuboniswa kwangaphandle emaqabungeni | Isizathu | Izindlela zokulungisa |
| Kuphuzi, ukuwa. | Okusalungiswa, ukuntuleka kokunisela noma umswakama ngokweqile. | Sungula imibuso yokunisela, uhlele kabusha kude nokugeleza komoya. |
| Kusonteka, kumiswe izeluleko. | Umoya omile. | Nikeza i-hydration. |
Ukwemboza nokuveza obala iziqu. Ukuphela. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya. Ukuguga kwesitshalo. | Ihlelwe kabusha endaweni elula noma ekhanyiswe ngama-phytolamp. Vuselela isihlahla. |
| I-Spotting. | Ilanga elivulekile elinamandla, okushisa okuphezulu. | Suka kude nemisebe yelanga, yokufihlakala. |
Ukubonakala kwewebhu. Amabala aphuzi, i-curling, yomisa ngaphandle. | Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Futha nge-Actellic (amahlandla ama-4 ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3). |
Ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane ezincane ezimhlophe. Kuphuzi, ukuwa. | I-Whitefly | |
Green izinambuzane ezincane, ezimnyama. Ukuqina, ukuguqulwa kwesimo. | Ama-aphid. | Ehlanzwa ngamanzi anensipho. Icutshungulwe yiFitoverm. |
Inhlanganisela emhlophe. Iyaphuma. | I-Powdery Mildew | Izitho ezonakele ziyasuswa. Kusetshenziswa isikhunta (iBordeaux ketshezi) njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10 amahlandla amathathu. |
| I-Fluffy plaque kanye namabala amnyama ezimbali. | Ukubola okumpunga. | Sika izindawo ezinesifo, usike izigaba ngamalahle. Isitshalo sonke siphathwa nge-immunocytophyte. |
