ICaladiumine noma i-citrofortunella isitshalo esingumfuziselo esakhiwe ngaphakathi emndenini wezimpande, okuhlanganisa nolamula, amawolintshi, ama-tangerine. Kutholakala ngokuwela i-tangerine ne-kumquat. Igama lesayensi yi-citrofortunella, igama lasekhaya libizwa nge-tangerine eyenziwe ngekhaya, i-orange yegolide.
Kufakwe esigabeni sobuciko be-bonsai bokuzala amakhophi ezihlahla zangempela efulethini.
Incazelo nezici ze-calamondine
Umuthi ufinyelela kubude obu-1 imitha. Amaqabunga aminyene, aluhlaza okotshani, acwebezelayo ngaphezulu. Lapho ephukile noma ehlikiwe ezandleni kukhipha iphunga le-citrus. Isiqu somswakama ungumbala ompunga okhanyayo, ohlwanyelwe ngokulinganisela. Izimbali zimhlophe ngama-stamens aphuzi, nephunga elimnandi likawolintshi (imbali yewolintshi).
IKalamondin yafuhlwa isimo sezulu esishisayo saseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Uma igcinwa endlini, amawolintshi adinga ukufudumala kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Engazithobanga, ikhula kahle futhi ithela izithelo ngisho nasekhaya. Esikhundleni sezimbali, amafomu amaqanda anophini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izithelo ziyakhula futhi zifinyelele usayizi omncane omncane kunalokho kwama-tangerines ajwayelekile. Isibonakaliso sokuvuthwa umbala weorenji. Ngaphakathi kukhona amatshe amaningi amancane.
Izimbali ziqala eminyakeni eyi-3-4 yokuphila. Izithelo zakheka ekukhanyeni okuhle, ukushisa kanye nomswakama.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeCalamondin
Akukho zinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, ngoba lesi yisitshalo se-hybrid ngokwaso. Ukulungiswa kungaphatha kuphela ukwakheka nombala wamahlamvu, izithelo.
Imvamisa, ngaphezu kwalena ejwayelekile, izinhlamvu ezinombala wamaqabunga kanye nezinye ezihlanganisiwe zitholakala zithengisiwe, okungukuthi, zilinganiswe umucu ogqamile kunethoni eyinhloko.
Ukuguqulwa kweCalamondin ngemuva kokuthenga
Ekhaya, udinga ukubeka lesi sitshalo endaweni ekhanyayo, usifafaze nsuku zonke, simanzise inhlabathi kahle, uqiniseke ukuthi asomile ngaphandle kwalokho amahlamvu angawa.
Amanzi ajwayelekile wokunisela awalungile, kufanele avikelwe noma ahlungwe. Ungasebenzisa abilisiwe selehlile.
ICitrofortunella ayibekezeleli imisebe yelanga ekhanyayo. Izimpande ezintekenteke azikubekezeleli ukushisa ngokweqile, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukuthi uyitshele ebhodweni elikhanyayo noma ulisonge nge-foil, elizonikeza umphumela wokukhombisa. Kwesinye isikhathi kwanele ukumane umane nekhethini elijwayelekile le-tulle.
Ayikwazi ukuba bukhali ngo-180 ° jikisa isitshalo ekukhanyiseni, isikhundla sembiza kudingeka siguqulwe, kepha kancane, sihamba nsuku zonke ama-degree ambalwa ngewashi. Ngale ndlela, umqhele uzothuthuka ngokulingana.
Izinga lokushisa elilungile le-citrofortunella lisuka ku-+25 ° C ehlobo, liye ku- +18 ° C ebusika. Igumbi elipholile esimweni sezulu esibandayo sezithelo zomawolintshi lingokwemvelo futhi linomthelela ekuqhakazeni kwawo okungcono ngenkathi kukhulisa amahora asemini entwasahlobo.
Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika, ukunakekelwa kuqukethe izibani zokufakelwa, ubukhulu kanye nesikhathi okufanele kulawulwe ngokuya ngenhlala kahle yesitshalo. Ngasikhathi sinye, nciphisa inani lokunisela, kepha wandise inani lokufafazwa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqala ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Ukufaka umanyolo kanye ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ukusuka ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba kuzokwenza ukunakekela i-calamondine ekhaya kuphumelele ngokwengeziwe. Ungasebenzisa amakhompiyutha akhethekile noma uthenge i-humus eyenziwe ngomumo yamawolintshi. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, umanyolo akufanele usetshenziswe kungabi kanye ngenyanga.
Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili wokuzivumelanisa nezimo, i-mandarin eyenziwe ekhaya idinga ukuthuthwa, njengoba abahlinzeki bavame ukungeza amalungiselelo enomzimba enhlabathini, okuyinto efulethini ledolobha ingalimaza isitshalo futhi iholele ekufeni.
Ukufakelwa, imbiza, inhlabathi
Ngokufakelwa thatha isitsha esikhulu esikhudlwana. Ukunquma ivolumu edingekayo kulula. Imbiza yakudala kufanele ivumelane kalula entsha, phakathi kwemiphetho yazo kufanele kube yi-1-1,5 cm.
Isitshalo ngokucophelela, ukuze singalimazi izimpande ezincane ezinde, kanye nenqwaba yomhlaba ukuze sidlulisele esitsheni esisha. Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuzihlola ngokucophelela futhi ususe ukubola, uma kukhona. Ukukhishwa kwezimpande kufanele kuqashelwe ezingeni elifanayo.
Faka umhlaba omusha kusuka ezinhlangothini kuya phezulu. Ngokuzayo, kuyaqabukela kakhulu ukufakelwa, ngoba izitshalo ezisebenzisa inqubo ye-bonsai zikhula esitsheni esincane. Ukufakelwa okukodwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu kwanele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isitshalo ngeke siphazamiseke. Esikhundleni salokho, buyisela inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile ngale ndlela: susa ungqimba ongaphezulu bese wengeza inhlabathi entsha. Ukwakhiwa: umhlaba wefudu, isihlabathi somfula kanye ne-humus (2: 1: 1).
Ngaphansi kwethangi, kuyadingeka ukuhlela ukukhipha kahle okufika ku-3 cm. Ukufaka umanyolo ngemuva kokufakelwa akwenziwanga izinyanga eziyi-1-2. ICaladiumin izothatha zonke izinto ezidingekayo enhlabathini.
Ukudlulisa i-citrofortunella akunconyelwanga, inqobo nje uma kukhona izimbali noma izithelo ezivuthiwe kuso, awukwazi ngisho nokudlulisela isitshalo kwenye indawo ngalesi sikhathi.
Ukuthena kweCaladiumine
Umuthi udinga ukwakheka komqhele ojwayelekile. Izidingo zesimanje zidinga i-stamb - isiqu esibushelelezi ngaphandle kwezimpande, ukusuka esizindeni se-basal siye emagatsheni okuqala, ukuphakama okungaba ngu-25 cm.
Ukuncipha kufanele kuqalwe ngoFebhuwari, kwenziwe amagatsha ezinga le-4. Ehlobo, nquma amahlumela angalingani, akhula kakhulu.
Ukusakazeka kweCaladiumine
ICaladiumin ingatshalwa ngokunakekelwa okuhle ngezindlela ezintathu:
- ukusika;
- ukugoma;
- ukulinywa kwembewu.
Okokugcina kulula kakhulu:
- Izithelo ze-hybrid ziqukethe imbewu eningi. Zikhethiwe kusuka epulpini futhi zitshalelwe kulungiselelwe futhi kusetshenzwe ngesiqubulo sokukhula kwenhlabathi.
- Imbewu ibekwa ngamunye ngamunye emabhodweni amancanyana anenhlabathi yobumba olunwetshiwe. Qinisa ngefilimu noma ikhava nge-cellophane.
- Ngenqubo yokuhluma kwembewu, umswakama ubamba iqhaza elibalulekile, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile amabhodwe afakwa umoya ukuze inhlabathi ingambozwa ngumbala oluhlaza.
- Ngemuva kokuhluma, ifilimu iyasuswa. Amagatsha asele ngemuva kokulungisa i-calamondine asetshenziswa njengezisiko. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha amahlumela aqinile anamacembe anempilo. Ngaphambi kokufaka izimpande, zigcinwa kwikhambi leKornevin noma iZircon, ekhuthaza ukwakheka kwezimpande.
- Izinto zokutshala zifakwa emhlabathini ngaphambi kokuqala kweqabunga lokuqala. Isembozo esiphakeme embizeni yengilazi, ibhodlela lepulasitiki noma isikhwama sepulasitiki. Zonke izinsuku, izithombo zingena imizuzu engama-30.
Amahlumela amasha we-citrofortunella, uma enikezwe ekhaya, azokhula kahle futhi akhule cishe inyanga.
Ukugoma kudinga ulwazi olunzulu lwamasiko, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ochwepheshe ezimeni ezikhethekile zokugcina ukushisa.
Izifo zeCaladiumine kanye nezinambuzane
| Isihloko nezizathu | Ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle | Izindlela zokwelapha |
| I-Anthracnose noma ukubola okubabayo yisifo sokukhunta sezilimo eziningi ezithaya izithelo. Ama-carriers ayizinambuzane, amanzi okunisela, okusalungiswa, ukwanda kwenhlabathi yomswakama. Kuyingozi yokusabalala kwayo ngokushesha. | Amabala ansundu, bese amabala ansundu angavela kuzo zonke izingxenye zezitshalo, okuyizimpawu zokubhujiswa. Ngenxa yalokho, kunokukhishwa kwamaqabunga nokufa. | Isusa izingxenye ezilimele. Ukubulala magciwane indawo lapho i-calrusine ye-citrus imile. Ukufafaza ngesisombululo se-sulfate yethusi (1 ithisipuni ilitha elilodwa lamanzi) noma uketshezi lweBordeaux (1%). Futhi ukuvimbela izikhathi 2 ngonyaka, ngaphambi nangemva kokuqhakaza. |
| I-Sooty fungus (emnyama) yisifo esithinta izithombo ezincane noma ezibuthakathaka. Ukuphila enhlabathini, kusebenze ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle - ukushisa nomswakama. | Izindawo ezincane ezimnyama ezimpunga emaqabungeni nasezithelo zivimbela isitshalo ekuphefumuleni, kuma-clog pores nasekuvimbeleni i-photosynthesis. Ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga ayawa, umuthi uyafa. | Ukuhlukaniswa okugunyaziwe kwezitshalo ezisanda kutholwa. Ukusetshenziswa kokuqinisa izidakamizwa - ama-immunostimulants. Ukususa ukulimala ngokugeza ngewulu likotini elicwengeke ngesixazululo sensipho yokuwasha kanye nomlotha wezinkuni, i-baking soda. Izindawo ezilimele kakhulu ziyachithwa, ziqweqwe - zimiswe ngaphandle. Ukubuyiselwa komhlaba. |
| I-gommosis (isifo sezinsini, ukubola oku-brown) yisifo esithile esitholakala ezithelo ezikhulile zasekhaya ezisawolintshi. Kwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo esiqwini, ukuqina ngokweqile, ukungabi manzi nokugcotshwa kwamanzi, ukwakheka kwenhlabathi okhethwe ngokungafanele, ukunisela ngamanzi abandayo kakhulu. | Okokuqala, ukukhipha okufana ne-resin kuyabonakala - uketshezi olunamathelayo lwe-hue ekhanyayo ophuzi esiqwini nasemagatsheni. Amagxolo ayafa, amaqabunga ayakhanya, ama-ovari awele, izimbali ziyama. | Njengoba kunezizathu eziningi zokuvela kwalesi sifo, ekuqaleni kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi savelaphi. Ukufakelwa okuphoqelekile ngokubuyiselwa okuphelele kwenhlabathi nokugeza izimpande zesitshalo. Sika izindawo ezilimele ngebanga noma nge-scalpel ukuze uphile ngokuphelele. Ukwelashwa kwezifiso ngesibulala-magciwane onjenge lime. Fafaza izingxenye zomoya emoyeni nge-sulfate yethusi. |
| Izinambuzane - aphid, izinambuzane esikalini, whiteflies, izibungu zesicabucabu, mealybugs mealybugs. Zithuthwa ngenhlabathi, ziwa ngezinhlaka, ziqale ngokunisela ngokweqile kanye nokushisa ngokweqile kohlelo lwezimpande. | Kubonakala iso elinqunu emhlabathini, ezimpandeni, ezihlangeni, emaqabungeni, ezimbalini nasezithelo. Isiginali ingavela ukubonakala kwezindawo ezimhlophe, ziphuzi, ezisontekile, ukuguqulwa, ukugoqa okunamathelayo, umphumela wothuli. | Ukufafaza ngama-insecticides: Fitoverm, Spark-Bio. Ukusuka ezindleleni ezidumile - ukugeza ngesixazululo se-potanganum permanganate, utshwala, i-furatsillina. Ukwenza kube lula ukufaka isicelo futhi uketshezi luhlale isikhathi eside emaqabungeni, engeza ithonsi lokuthambisa izitsha kanye nefriji. |
Izinkinga Ezikhulayo ZaseCaladiumin
I-citrofortunella ekhulayo izophumelela uma unaka imininingwane emincane kodwa ebalulekile.
| Inkinga | Isizathu | Ukuqothula |
| Amahlamvu ayawa |
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UMnu Dachnik uyancoma: izakhiwo ezizuzisayo ze-calalletine
Izithelo zeCalamondin zingadliwa, zinothile ngamavithamini, zinambitheka omuncu, isikhumba esincanyana. I-zest isetshenziswa ekubhaka, i-pulp ifakwa kuma-compotes we-Homemade, izithelo ezenziwe nge-candied zenziwa kuma-tangerine wonke akhonjwe esikhunjeni.
AmaKalamondins angakhula ekhaya ngisho nomlimi wokuqala. Ukuqinisekisa izithelo eziqinisekisiwe, izimbali zihanjiswa ngempova ngesandla sikakotini noma ibhulashi elithambile elinenqwaba yemvelo yezimonyo noma yokudweba.
Sebenzisa ikhasi elomisiwe lezithelo, elinothile ngamafutha abalulekile, njengokunambitheka okungokwemvelo ngezinjongo zasekhaya, faka ama-tincture kanye nama-decoctions izinqubo zokuhlobisa.
Amaqabunga aqotshwe kahle ngenani elincane - hhayi ngaphezu kwe-1 afakiwe ukunambitha i-cuisine yaseNingizimu Asia inyama, inhlanzi, izinkukhu.
UKalamondin ubukeka emuhle ngaphakathi, angasebenza njengemuva lesithombe, uyisipho esihle kakhulu.
