UKnifofiya (Kniphofia) ungowokudabuka e-herbaceous ongowomndeni ka-Asphodel. Kwi-vivo sikhula eMadagascar nase-Afrika. Uhlobo luqukethe izinhlobo ezingama-75. Izinhlobo zazo nzalo ezitshaliwe zingatshalwa engadini. Owokuqala ukuchaza isitshalo esinezimbali kwakungu-botanist I.I. Kniphof. Ama-Knifophies yi-thermophilic, ngakho-ke akhula kahle kakhulu ezindaweni eziseningizimu.
Incazelo ye-knifofiya
Kniphofia babe izici ezilandelayo:
- ukuphakama - kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-3 m;
- ama-spike inflorescence aqoqwe kusuka kuzimbali ezincane;
- i-corolla perianth;
- i-ovary emithathu-yesibeletho.
Ngokubukeka, izithelo ziyibhokisi. Izimbali zitholakala phezulu kwesiqu. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi uqaphele ukuba khona kwama-stamens ayisithupha kanye ne-syncarpous gynoecium eyenziwe ngama-carpels amathathu. Amanxusa abekwa phakathi kwezidleke. Ukuhlukaniswa kompe kwenzeka nge-tubule, etholakala ngaphansi kwekholamu. 
Umbala we-inflorescence nama-buds
Umbala we-inflorescence nama-buds uhlukile. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngoJulayi. Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwayo, lesi sitshalo sithola ukubukeka okuhlobisa, okuqhubeka kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile.
Zonke izinhlobo zingama-perennials. I-Knifofiya esesimweni ifana ne-lupine. Izimbali zakhe ezinhle kakhulu zinokubukeka okuhle.
I-Knifofiya: izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Lezi zimbali zihlobisa ingadi phakathi nenkathi yokukhula. Ukutholela indawo kulula. Zitshalwe ezingadini ezinamatye nezingadi zezimbali ezixubile.
I-Kniphofia ihlukile kumibala emibala emibili. I-hue ishintsha kancane. Isikhathi sezimbali sincike kakhulu esimweni sezulu. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, ama-inflorescence akhanyayo ahlobisa imibhede yezimbali kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba.
Izinhlobo ze-knifophia zenani elikhulu engadini
| Buka | Incazelo, izinhlobo, umbala we-inflorescences |
| Tukka | Ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla nama-inflorescence alingana no-0.8 m no-15 cm, ngokulandelana. Kuhluka ngohlobo olucebile olubomvu ophuzi. Qhakaza kuyo yonke inyanga (Julayi-Agasti). |
| I-Hybrid | Kwasuselwa kwisisekelo se-berry kniphofia. Kubonakala ngemibala ehlukahlukene. Ukuphakama - kusuka ku-60 kuye ku-100 cm.
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| Berry | Amahlamvu amaningi aluhlaza-grey, izimbali ezinde (izinyanga ezi-2), eziqala maphakathi nehlobo. Ama-inflorescence abumbeke esimweni esibonakalayo.
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| Shaggy | Phezu kwamaqabunga kukhona i-villi. Ukwakheka kwama-inflorescences kuxubile. Izimbali ezinamaphimbo amabili: ophuzi ngezansi, obomvu-pink ngaphezulu. Ukuphakama kwezimbali - 3 cm. |
| Isostolic | Amacembe aqondile, izimbali ezimise okomhloshana eziqhakaza ukusuka phezulu kuya phansi. Ukuphakama komzimba kusuka ku-60 kuye ku-100 cm. |
| Mhlophe | Kungenzeka ube neziqu eziningana. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-efihlekile iqonde, imhlophe qwa. Ama-inflorescence ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza aqondiswa ezinkomba ezihlukile. |
| Ekuseni | Uyakwazi ukukhula ezimeni zomile. Ukuphakama akwedluli kumamitha ayi-1.5. Kuqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo. |
Ukutshala i-knifofiya emhlabathini ovulekile, ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo
Lezi zitshalo azinconyelwe ukutshala ezindaweni ezinomthunzi nasezindaweni eziphansi.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ama-inflorescence namaqabunga azokhanya kancane, ukukhula kwawo kuzoncipha kakhulu. I-Knifofii idinga ukuvikeleka kokusalungiswa. Azikubekezeleli ukunyinyitheka kwamanzi.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi kumele ikhululwe futhi ivundiswe. Ukujula okulinganiselwe kunqunywa ngokusekelwe ekuphakameni kwesitshalo. Okokuqala, ungqimba lomsele lubekwa emgodini, bese kwethulwa inhlabathi elungiselelwe kwangaphambili.
Ukufudumeza kahle, amatshe abekwa eduze kwe-landings embozwe ngento emnyama. Usayizi wabo ungahluka.
I-Kniphofia iyi-perennial emelana nokuntuleka komswakama. Ngakho-ke, ayifuni ukunisela. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbali itshalwa ezindaweni ezinesistimu enhle yokudonsa.
Umanyolo usetshenziswa ngezigaba eziningana. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kokuqala kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlamvu okuqala, isizathu esibalulekile sesigaba sesibili ukuqedwa kwenkathi yezimbali.
Uhlu lwamanyolo asetshenzisiwe:
- izingxube eziqukethe i-nitrogen;
- Peat;
- umlotha;
- umquba
- humus.
Esinye isinyathelo esiyisibopho ukusika. Kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Uma isitshalo siphuze emhlabathini ovulekile, khona-ke kuphela ngemuva kokususa indawo yokukhosela. Izingxenye ezonakalisiwe, eziphuzi futhi ezilunywe yiqhwa ze-knizofia zingaphansi kokuqothulwa. Imbewu evuthwe emabhokisini ayisebenzi.
Izitshalo ezinobunzima bebusika (i-Tukka) zingaba semhlabathini ovulekile ngenkathi ebandayo ezifundeni ezinjengeSifunda saseMosos kanye nomucu ophakathi neRussia. kepha noma kunjalo kulokhu kudinga ukumbozwa ngefilimu ekhethekile, amagatsha esihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi kanye namahlamvu
Ukuba khona kwezimbobo zokufaka umoya omncane kuyadingeka. Uma ungqimba oluvikelayo lusetshenziswe kahle, imbali ingaphila ngokushisa kuka-15 ° C. Ubusika ekhaya buyisidingo sezinhlobo eziningi ze-kniphofia. Igumbi akufanele libe ngaphezu kuka +8 ° ะก.
Ukutshala nokusakazwa kwe-knifofiya
Izitshalo ezintsha zitholakala ngezindlela zezitshalo nezokuzala. Lapho ukhetha owokugcina, kusetshenziswa imbewu. Izinto zokutshala kumele zithengwe ezitolo ezikhethekile. Isidingo salokhu kungenxa yenani elanele lezinsuku zokukhanya ezifudumele. Inqubo yokukhulisa izithombo ezivela ezinhlanyelweni isebenza kanzima.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa engxenyeni yesibili kaMashi. Ukhulisa ukuhluma, ibhokisi limbozwa ngengilazi noma ngefilimu amasonto ama-2-3. I-greenhouse kumele isuswe ukuze kufakwe umoya omncane, nenhlabathi ivame ukuthambisa.
Ngemuva kokuvela, izithombo ziqala ukuba lukhuni ekushiseni kwegumbi. Isidingo sokhetho senzeka lapho kwakhiwa amaqabunga amabili esiqwini. Ukufakwa emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa maphakathi nehlobo. Ukuqhakaza okwenzeka ngonyaka wesithathu kuphela.
Indlela ye-vegetative yokuzala iqukethe ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhethini endodakazi. Efanelekile la mabhasi aneminyaka emithathu ubudala. Izingxenye ezivelayo ziphathwa ngamalahle. Izisekelo ezifakiwe zitshalwe emithonjeni. Izithombo zidinga umthunzi wesikhashana. Kulokhu, ama-kniphofia aqhakaza unyaka emva kokutshala.
Izinambuzane nezifo ze-knizofia
Izimbali ezikhula engadini zingathinteka ngokubola kwezimpande. Into edala ukubukeka kwayo umswakama obedlulele kanye nobuningi bomhlaba okhuphukile.
Uma kunezimpawu zalokhu kugula, kuyadingeka ukususa izingxenye ezonakalisiwe zesitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzodingeka ukuthi kudwetshwe bese kucutshungulwa ngendlela engamukelekile. Ngemuva kwesihlahla udinga ukudlulisela kwenye indawo.
Ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane kungenzeka. Phakathi kwazo, izimbuzane zesigcawu kanye nokujikijela kuyabonakala. Ukuqeda i-foci yomonakalo, i-knifofia iphathwa ngama-insecticides. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, umanyolo oluhlaza namakhambi anamakha amnandi atshalwa. Uma umlimi ehambisana nayo yonke inqubo nemithetho yokunakekelwa, ubungozi bokuthola izifo zezimbali mncane.
UMnu Dachnik uyancoma: i-knifofiya ekwakhiweni komhlaba
Izinhlobo ezinde zisetshenziselwa ukudala ingemuva. Izitshalo zazo zazo zitshalwe ngemuva kwezimbali eziphansi. I-Kniphofia, ebonakala ngosayizi omncane, iba umhlobiso wama-rockeries nama-alpine slides.
Ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zemithunzi, ingxube yemibala, ukungabikho kobunzima bokutshala nokunakekela, ukwakheka okuqediwe kuzothokozela isikhathi eside ngomphumela wawo wokuhlobisa. Uhlu lomakhelwane abafanele luhlanganisa i-bearded irises, i-rudbeckia, i-ripsalis, ama-santolines, i-eremurus.
