Ukuhlobisa indawo ye-suburban ngezimbali ezinhle ezinenkathi ende yezimbali futhi ingahlanganiswa, ukukhetha kungenziwa kumiswe kwi-clematis. Indlela yokukhulisa i-clematis, thina ichaza ngezansi.
Ukukhetha indawo yokufika
Izimbali zeClematis ekutshaleni emhlabathini ovulekile zidinga ukukhetha kahle indawo, ngoba kwezinye izimo kuzoba nzima ukufeza izimbali ezikhanyayo. Kubalulekile ukunamathela emithethweni elandelayo:
- I-Clematis izitshalo nezimbali ziyakuthanda ukukhanya kwelanga, ngakho-ke akufanele uzitshale ngasenyakatho lendlu. Noma kunjalo, uhlelo lwazo lwempande aluthandi ukushisa okuphezulu.
Kulesi sixhumanisi, kunconywa ukutshala ezinye izimbali eduze kweClematis, okuzokwenza umthunzi ube nezimpande zawo futhi uvimbele inhlabathi ukuthi ikwazi ukushisa kakhulu ezinsukwini ezishisayo.
I-Clematis iyimbali eguqa lapho imivini yayo ibambelela ezintweni ezibafanelekayo ngesikhathi sokukhula. Uma lesi sitshalo sitshalwe endaweni evulekile, siqhutshwa yimimoya, ngeke sikwazi ukubamba ukusekelwa. Umoya onozini ngezimbali ezizohamba ngokushesha.
I-Clematis ekukhunjweni nasekunakekeleni kubalulekile ukuvikela emanzini, ngoba uhlelo lwempande oludlulayo lwembali lungase luqale ukubola. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, zama ukugcina amanzi emgodini we-sewer ezimpandeni zawo, bese utshala imbali engaba ngu-50 cm kusukela ezindongeni zezakhiwo. Uma isayithi lakho liphakeme kakhulu emanzini angaphansi komhlaba, kuyadingeka ukumba imigebe eduze kombhede wembali nge-clematis lapho umswakama obuningi ozophelelwa khona.
Ukutshala kweClematis: ukutshala nini futhi kanjani ukutshala imbali
Kunezindlela eziningana zokutshala i-clematis. Uma kudingekile ukusabalalisa izithombo zezimbali ngenqubo yezimpande ezivaliwe, khona-ke ukuhlwanyela kwe-clematis kuzokwenzeka kokubili ehlobo, kanti entwasahlobo, nasekwindla. Uma uthenge isiteji, kodwa ubanda kakhulu ngaphandle kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, isitshalo singafakwa efrijini lefasitela endlini noma endaweni yokushisa lapho ikhula khona.
Kubalulekile!Ekwindla, i-clematis enezimpande ezivaliwe kumele itshalwe ngaphambi kokuphela kuka-Okthoba (uma inyanga ibanda, khona-ke sekuyisiqalo). Lokhu kuzovumela isitshalo ukuba sivumelane kangcono nezimo ezintsha futhi kulula ukudlulisela isikhathi sasebusika. Ukuze uvikele kusuka efrijini, izithombo kumele zimboze amaqabunga awile noma okunye okushicilelwe.
Uma kungenzeka ukuhlwanyela i-clematis ngesistimu evulekile, isitshalo esinjalo siyobe sesilungele ukufakelwa kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuMeyi (kungcono hhayi ukufika ekupheleni kwenyanga). Uma ifihlekile yesitshalo ivuvukala - imbali ingase ingahlali emva kokufakelwa kabusha. Ngisho noma lesi sitshalo sijwayele, khona-ke ukuphila kwayo kuyashintsha, futhi ebusika umvini ngeke ube namandla ngokwanele ukuze usinde amaqhwa.Njengoba unqume indawo yokufika, ungafaka ngokushesha ukusekelwa kwe-liana, ikakhulu uma usebenza entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukwenza ukulungiselela imbobo yembali.
Kubalulekile!Endaweni eyodwa, izibalo zingakhula iminyaka engaba ngu-25, ngakho-ke ngisho nangesikhathi sokutshala kufanelekile ukunakekela umanyolo okwanele kwi-flowerbed.
- Bamba umgodi wokutshala omkhulu - 60x60x60 cm. Uma utshala izitshalo eziningana - kuzoba lula ukulungisa umsele.
- Ukuze ugeleke phansi emgodini, ungabekeli ngaphezu kuka-15 cm wegridi, ubumba obunwetshiwe noma izitini eziphukile.
- Qaphela ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi, okuzodinga ukulala emgodini. I-Clematis engcono ifaka izimpande kumhlabathi onomsoco nokuphefumulela, ngakho uhlanganise ngokulingana okulingana nomhlabathi kusukela emgodini otholiwe, isanti, umquba kanye ne-peat. Ukwengeza, uthele cishe ilitha lezinkuni kanye no-100 g we-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze izimbali zensimu zingene emgodini.
Ubukhulu bokusika buzocacisa ukuthi uzongena kanjani ngokujulile emhlabathini. Uma ukusika kunkulu kakhulu futhi sekukhulile kakhulu, kufanele kuhliswe yi-12-20 cm, kanti ukusika okuncane kufanele kuncishiswe ngo-6-12 cm.
Lokhu kuzofaka isandla ekukhuleni kwesimiso esiqinile sezimpande kanye nesiqu, kanye nokuvikela izimpande ekuqhenqeni ebusika. Uma utshalwa izitshalo emgqeni phakathi kwehlathini ukushiya isikhala samamitha angu-1-1.5.
Indlela yokunakekela i-clematis
Ekunakekeleni ama-clematis, iminyaka yesitshalo idlala indima ebalulekile. Ukunakekela imbali encane, kubalulekile ukuqeda cishe zonke iziqu zayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amandla okuphila esitshalweni azange aqhube, kodwa ukwakha uhlelo lwempande kanye nesitshalo. Futhi esitshalweni esincane, kubalulekile ukuchofoza wonke amahlumela, okuzosiza ekwakheni inombolo enkulu. Ungakhohlwa ukubopha yonke imivini ephumela emhlathini we-clematis yayihle kakhulu.
Indlela yokuwazisa amanzi
I-Clematis ayithandi ukwanda kokuswakama, ngakho kufanele baphuze ngokulinganisela. Izitshalo ezincane - kanye ngesonto, kepha lapho isimo sezulu somile, ukuchelela kufanelekile kuze kube kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu. Izitshalo ezindala zidinga ukuphuza okungenani isikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-10.
Uma ungabaza ukuthi ungayiphuzisa yini imbali, hlola umswakama womhlabathi. Uma sewomile, ngisho nangama-30 cm ejulile, kudingeka i-hydration esheshayo. Ngesikhathi sokuphuza, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungena kwamanzi kungena ngqo ezimpandeni zesitshalo, ezineminyaka engama-5 ubudala, zingahamba emitha elilodwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunconywa ukumba izimbiza ezine zezimbali ezivela ezinhlangothini ezine ze-clematis lapho kuzodingeka khona ukuthulula amanzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuzomiswa ezimpandeni.
Ukukhulula nokuhlanganisa umhlaba
Ngaphezu kokuswakama, i-clematis idinga ukugeleza okuqhubekayo emoyeni, okubalulekile ukuthi ukhulule njalo umhlabathi. Yenza lokhu ngawo wonke amanzi futhi emva kwemvula. Kodwa ukukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze izimbali ezincane kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ukuphakamisa kuphela u-2 cm ophezulu.
Kubonakala kahle ekukhuleni kwe-clematis mulching, evame ukusetshenziselwa esikhundleni sokunisela nokukhulula inhlabathi. Njenge-mulch kulezi zimbali, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umquba obolile, ongagubungelwa phezulu ngezingqimba ze-peat. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-mulch ebusika, ngakho-ke kungaba nokuvikela izimpande ekuqandeni.
Uyazi? Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlobonhlobo ze-clematis. Phakathi kwabo ungathola amahlumela ngezimbali ezifle, izinsimbi, amashubhu ngisho nama-tulips. Kodwa okuvame kakhulu izimbali zenkanyezi.
Umanyolo we-Clematis
I-Clematis Umanyolo ihlale idingeka, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezimbali. Uma zikhudlwana izimbali zalesi sitshalo, kuzodingeka ukuthi kudingeke ukuba wengeze umquba owengeziwe emhlabathini ozungezile - cishe kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili. Uma izimbali zincane - kuzodingeka futhi ukugqoka okungu-2 - 3 kwonyaka ngamunye. Ngokuya ngobudala nobukhulu behlathi, kuzodinga amalitha ayishumi esisombululo sezakhi.
Ukuntuleka kwezakhi eziningi emhlabathini kungabonakala ngesimo se-clematis:
- lapho amahlumela esitshalo eba mfushane, kanti amaqabunga amancane, aphenduka aphuzi noma abomvu, izimbali ziba zikhulu futhi zilahlekelwe ukukhanya kwazo - lesi sitshalo sinokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen. Ukwenza lokhu kusetshenziswe ngokweqile entwasahlobo, lapho amahlumela eqala ukukhula. Isitshalo se-nitrojeni singatholakala kumanyolo we-fertilizer (kuhlanjululwa ngamanzi 1:10), izinhlanzi zezinyoni (1:15), i-nitroammofoskoy (20 g ngalinye ngo-10 l), zishintsha njalo lezi zinto;
- Amaqabunga omnyama anama-violet tint akhombisa ukuntuleka kwe-phosphorus, okungaholela ekuthuthukiseni izimpande ezimbi; Kunconywa ukuba wenze i-phosphorus ekulungiseleleni inhlabathi yokutshala, ukwethula isidlo sesithambo (esingaphezu kuka-200 g ngalinye 1 sq. m); ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo, njalo ngenyanga kaSeptemba ungasebenzisa i-phosphorus ngesimo somanyolo we-superphosphate (20 g ngalinye 10 l amanzi);
- lapho i-peduncles nefihlekile iphenduka emnyama, cishe cishe umhlaba lapho i-clematis itshalwe khona ihlangabezana nokuntuleka kwe-potassium. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, yondla imbali nge potassium nitrate njalo entwasahlobo nango-Agasti nge potassium sulfate, esimweni ngasinye ukwenza isisombululo se-20-30 g yezinto eziyi-10 amalitha amanzi.
Imithetho yokudla izitshalo
Uma ukhathalela isitshalo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwondla ngesikhathi esifanele. Phela, ukudlula kwamaminerali emhlabathini kungabhubhisa imbali. Ngakho-ke, Ukuthola imivini ende kanye nezimbali ezinhle zilandela imithetho elandelayo:
- Njengoba usenze umquba omningi uma utshalwa imbali, ukondla okulandelayo kungenziwa eminyakeni engu-2-3.
- Njalo njalo umanyolo wamaminerali nge organic. Lezi zinsuku zingasetshenziswa enhlabathini kuphela endaweni ehlanjululwa ngamanzi.
- Ukudla okunempilo kaFoliar ngeke futhi kungabi nakakhulu. Sebenzisa le urea (3 g ngalinye ilitha lamanzi). Ehlobo, fafaza amaqabunga ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate (i-boric acid ingabuye yanezelwa). Ama-10-15 amalitha anele amaconsi amabili alowo mzimba.
- Ebusika, amahlumela ahlanganiswa kuphela ngamapulangwe.
Izici zihlahla izihlahla
I-Clematis idinga ukusika izihlahla njalo ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwezitshalo nokubonakala kwenani eliphezulu lezimbali emivini yalo. Ngaphandle kokunciphisa amahlumela ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa, lo msebenzi kufanele wenziwe minyaka yonke, kodwa ucabange ngezinhlobonhlobo zesitshalo.
Izimbali emahlumela kokubili esidlule nonyaka wamanje
Ukutshala izihlahla ezinjalo kuqhutshwa kabili ngonyaka. Isikhathi sokuqala sidingeka phakathi nehlobo, lapho amahlumela omnyaka odlule ephela, kanti okwesibili - ngaphambi kwekwindla, lapho amahlumela amasha ephela. Ekupheleni okunamandla kakhulu amahlumela omnyaka owedlule angadliwa phansi.
Izimbali emahlumela omnyaka wamanje
Inqubo yokusika izihlahla iyenziwa ngaphambi kokumboza isihlahla ebusika, futhi wonke amahlumela angadliwa phansi.
Izimbali emahlumela ngonyaka odlule
Ezinye izinhlobo zingakhula kahle ngaphandle kokusika. Ungasusa kuphela amahlumela, okwenziwa emva kwezinhlobo zezimbali. Uma isihlahla sinamahlumela amaningi abuthakathaka, anganciphisa ukuze ngonyaka ozayo babe namandla.
Indlela yokumboza i-clematis ebusika
Ngokuvamile, i-clematis ayidingi ikhava enamandla, kodwa namanje awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwayo. Njengendawo yokukhosela, ungasebenzisa umquba, futhi uthele amaqabunga awile phezu kwezihlahla.
Izihlahla, eziqhakaza amahlumela wonyaka odlule, zidinga indawo yokuhlala yokucophelela. Kuzo, ungasebenzisa amagatsha ase-fir. Kodwa lezo zinhlobonhlobo ze-clematis eziqhakaza amahlumela okwamanje ebusika, kubalulekile ukusika endaweni ephakeme ye-10 cm, futhi ezingeni elifanayo ungakwazi ukulala nesihlabathi, ngokungeziwe futhi uhlanganise ungqimba lwama-peat noma u-sawdust olungama-20 cm. Ungabeka ifilimu phezulu esihlahleni, kuphela entwasahlobo kuyodingeka isuswe ngesikhathi ukuze isitshalo singapheli.
Indlela yokwandisa i-clematis
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-clematis kusetshenziswa izindlela ezilandelayo:
- Cuttings. Yenza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. I-cuttings ivunwa kusukela enkabeni ephakathi kwehlumela; kubalulekile ukuthi ibuye iqukethe i-internode kanye namafihledi amabili athuthukile. Ubude engxenyeni engezansi ye-cutting kufanele kube ngu-4 cm, ngaphezulu-2 cm. Ukunquma okunjalo kuphelile kahle ngisho nasemhlabathini ovulekile, into esemqoka ukuthi izinga lokushisa aliphansi kune + 25 ° ะก. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, zingagxila ezinkomishi.
- Ukusetshenziswa kokubeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha eyodwa ukuphunyuka ehlathini elitholakala ngezansi yonke into phansi, bese uyigcwalisa ngomhlaba ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Kakade ngoSeptemba isihlahla esisha sizovela ku-internode ngayinye. Ukuze utshale isitshalo, kuyobe kudingekile ukuba usike amahlumela ngefosholo bese uhluma izihlahla ezihlumekile.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Ungahlukanisa izihlahla ezidala kuphela ezifinyelele eminyakeni engu-6-7. Ukwenza lokhu, isihlahla kumele sitshale futhi sibe yizicucu ngokusebenzisa i-secator. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kungalimazi uhlelo lwempande.
- Ukusebenzisa imbewu. Le ndlela yokukhiqiza ifanele kuphela ngezinhlobonhlobo zasendle ze-clematis. Izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela (kumele kuhanjelwe ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli) imbewu kufanele ithululwe ngamanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa, bese ihlanganiswa nesihlabathi kanye nesifriji. Ungahlwanyela izimbali ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile.
