Coleus - isitshalo sezimbali, kodwa asibaluli kakhulu izimbali, njengama-motley namaqabunga afakiwe. Noma kunjalo, ubuhle bukaCleus nakho nezinye izinzuzo eziningi. Kungaba kokubili endlini nasendlini, futhi kuzo zombili izimo ngeke ube nobunzima ekunakekeleni, okungekho noma isiphi sikhonsela esingakwazi ukubhekana nayo (Yebo, uma eqonda ukutshala kwe-coleus). Eqinisweni, akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi kulokhu nangemva kokufunda isihloko oyozibona kulesi sitatimende.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yamaCleus
Kungenzeka ukusabalalisa isitshalo kokubili ngokusika kanye nenzalo.
Ngokuvame ukusetshenziselwa kahle ukuhluma imbewu, njengoba kunokwethenjelwa, nakuba kunzima kakhulu.
Uyazi? Lesi sitshalo sinalo igama elithi Coleus futhi singokwesihlobo seSponge yomndeni noma Sula. Igama livela ku-Greek kleos, okusho ukuthi "icala." Kodwa abalimi abathile bayibiza ngokuthi "i-croton ehlwempu," ngoba umbala weqabunga ufana ne-croton, nakuba kubonakala kulula. Ezingxenyeni zethu, ngokuvamile kuthiwa yi "nettle", ngoba amaqabunga empeleni afana nettletle. Izwe lomlando laseColeus yi-Afrika ne-Asia.
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela kakhulu
Imbewu yesitshalo iyingcosana, edala ubunzima ekuhlwanyeleni kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banenkathi eqondile yokuvusa. Ukuhlwanyela iCleus nge imbewu kungenziwa kuqalwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari bese uqhubeka kuze ku-Ephreli.
Ingxube yomhlabathi
Ukutshala imbewu kuzodinga inhlanganisela ekhethekile yomhlabathi. Kumele kufake ingxenye yesihlabathi, ingxenye yezwe le-sod, kanye nezingxenye ezintathu zomhlaba ohlaza.. Inhlabathi ifakwa e-flatbed noma ebhokisini lezinkuni kuya ku-8 cm.
Uyazi? Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-60 zeCleus, eziningi zazo ezitholakala kuhlobo lwe-Blume. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi bayaqhubeka bebonisa izinhlobo ezintsha. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kokuhlukahluka okunjalo, ngokuqinisekile uzothola umbono wensimu yakho.
Ukulungiselela imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, kunconywa ukuba kusetshenzwe ngesisombululo esilula se-potassium permanganate. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu ifakwa kwisisombululo cishe imizuzu engu-15. Ngemuva kwalokho, badinga ukuthola futhi bomile ukuze bangabambi ndawonye, emva kwalokho imbewu izobe isilungele ukutshala.
Ukutshala imbewu efanele
Ngokuvamile imbewu ihlakazekile phezulu enhlabathini, njengoba kukholelwa ukuthi ukuhlwanyela okunjalo kulungile kumuthi.. Kodwa-ke, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukubacindezela kancane, ngaphandle kokushisekela kakhulu.
Inhlabathi ngokwayo kumele ibe nemanzi ngokwanele, futhi indaba yokutshala kumele isakazwe ngokulinganayo. Phezu kwawo ufafaze inhlabathi noma isanti cishe 4 mm.
Ukuqinisekisa umphumela wokushisa, iziqukathi ezinezithombo kufanele zivaliwe ngefilimu noma ingilazi, ibekwe endaweni efudumele lapho ungagcina khona izinga lokushisa + 22 ° 25 ° C.
Amahlumela kuzodingeka alinde cishe ngesonto, kodwa nsuku zonke udinga ukuhlola inhlabathi ngaphansi kwefilimu bese uyayinisela uma kudingekile.
Kubalulekile! Kanjani okunye okwenziwa i-coleus? Yebo, cuttings. Kudingeka ukhethe ukudubula okunamandla kakhulu futhi okunempilo, ukuyiqede ngokucophelela ngommese obukhali bese uyibeka emfudumeni kancane, hhayi amanzi onzima. Isiqukathi sifakwa endaweni egculisiwe ngokwanele ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile. Lapho izimpande zivela esibambini, itshalwe embizeni yembali ngehlabathi elingenayo noma elincane.
Izimo zokugcina nokunakekela izithombo ze-coleus
Ukunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo kuyadingeka ukuze i-coleus e-flowerbed igcine umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Ngendlela, abanye abalimi bakhula njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke.
Ezinye zifakelwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kweyithathu, futhi zatshala enhlabathini engathathi hlangothi noma encane. Ukuhluma kwakunamahlumela, phezulu kwesitshalo kumele kukhonjwe, kushiya izimbobo ezingu-5-8.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zokuqala zokukhula kwayo. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa kukaCleus kuhilela ukufakwa kweziqukathi kwi-sill efakwe kahle. Kubalulekile ukuthi lokhu kukhanya kwahlukana.
Indlela yokukhanyisa ixhomeke kuhlobo lwesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ama-green blotches emaqabunga, khona-ke imisebe eqondile yelanga ayinakuphikiswa ngokuphelele - umbala ungase uphele futhi isitshalo sizobukeka sishisiwe.
Uma zilawulwa imibala ekhanyayo, imisebe eqondile ayiyona isithiyo. Kodwa ngisho nakulolu cala, lesi sitshalo kufanele sibe kancane kancane sijwayele ilanga.
Uhlumela ukhethe
Ukukhethwa kwezithombo zeCleus kuqala lapho amahlumela evela emgqeni owodwa noma amabili wamaqabunga. Bese batshalwe emabhodini ahlukene ngokujula kwe-7 cm. Emva kwenyanga, amahlumela kufanele athuthelwe emibhoshini ejulile - ngo-9-11 cm.
Bake banakekele amahlumela ngendlela efanayo nangendlela abayenza ngayo isitshalo somuntu omdala: bahlela ngokujulile, kodwa bahlukanisa, ukukhanyisa, amanzi, ngokwanele, futhi baphonsa njengoba kudingeka. Cishe ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, uCleus angatshalwa embhedeni wembali ngenhloso yokuhlobisa.
Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukugcina hhayi izinga elifanele lokukhanyisa, kodwa nokushisa. Kungcono ukukhula izithombo zikaCleus ngesikhathi sokushisa kuka-21 ... +23 ° C. Uma kungenjalo, amahlumela azokwelula, afinyelele, futhi ishidi lamathebula, elikhona ku-Coleus, lizolahlekelwa inani lalo lokuhlobisa.
Ukudla izithombo
Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili emva kokuhamba, izithombo zingadliwa umanyolo obunzima. Ngokuqondene nobukhulu, kungcono ukunciphisa umthamo ophakanyisiwe wezimiso izikhathi 3-4. Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise umanyolo, inhlabathi eseduze nesitshalo kufanele ihambelane.
Ukunakekela i-coleus engadini
Ukuthunyelwa kwezithombo ukuvula umhlaba kuqala ukuqala phakathi noJuni noma ekupheleni kwenyanga. Uma uCleus etshalwe njengesitshalo sezindlu, inqubo ingenziwa amasonto amabili ngaphambili.
Ukukhethwa komhlaba ukufika
Uma ukhetha indawo yesitshalo, khumbula ukuthi kudingekile, kodwa ayikubekezeli imisebe eqondile yelanga (ingahle ilahlekelwe ubuhle bayo kanye nomphumela wokuhlobisa). Ngakho-ke, emibhedeni, khetha izindawo ezithuthukile.
Uma insimu yakho ikhanyiswa ngokugcwele ngelanga futhi akukho ndawo "yokufihla", bese uyeka ezinhlobonhlobo ezinemibala ekhanyayo. Uma kungenjalo, kuzodingeka uhlole ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani izitshalo emini.
I-coleus yabadala ayifuni kakhulu emhlabathini. Banikeza ukukhula okuhle emagqabini, ama-sod, nasendlini evamile engadini.
Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sibekezelela kalula ukushisa okuphakeme nokushisa okukhulu, kodwa kuphela uma kuphuziswa kahle. Kodwa-ke, kuzwela ekushintsheni okusheshayo kokushisa. Njengoba i-thermometer ifundwa ngezansi + i-15 ° C, ihlehla ngokuphawulekayo.
Ukuchelela okulungile
Ukunisela okulungile kweCleus ukuthi inhlabathi ayimile ngaphansi kwayo. Kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla kuniselwa kakhulu kakhulu, ngokufafaza ngezikhathi ezithile isitshalo ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
Le nqubo yokuvuselela ihlelwe kahle kusihlwa. Amanzi esitshalo kufanele athathwe ngokushelelayo, mhlawumbe ahlukaniswe futhi afudumele kancane. Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamanzi emvula. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liphansi, bese unciphisa inani lokuchelela.
Izitshalo zomanyolo
Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo asizithobeki futhi sikhula kahle emakhazeni futhi ngaphandle kokugqoka okuphezulu. Kodwa namanje ukunakekelwa okunjalo ngeke kube okungenakuqhathaniswa.
Umanyolo (umanyolo ongcono we-potash) ungathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile futhi ugxile emiyalweni yephakheji. Ngenkathi yokukhula okujulile (entwasahlobo nehlobo), iziqu zomquba eziphilayo zingasetshenziswa. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyenzeka kanye ngesonto.
Sebenzisa kumklamo we-landscape nokuhlanganiswa nezinye izitshalo
I-Coleus ithathwa njengokuthola kwangempela kumklami. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zayo zikuvumela ukuba uhlanganise izingoma ezihlukene emabhukwini, okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakha amaphethini emapaki asezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
Ungakha futhi izingqungquthela ezimangalisayo nezinye izitshalo, uma wazi ukuthi uCleus uhlangene naye. Amaqabunga ahlukahlukene kanye nesimanga esitshalo abukeka enhle ngokubambisana nezitshalo ezinamagatsha amancane. Lokhu fescue grey, sage, cineraria.
Coleus izinambuzane nezifo, balwe nabo
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, izitshalo ziyancipha uma zingenaso ukukhanya okuncane, azicatshangwanga noma azihambisani nombuso wokunisela. Njengoba ukukhanya okunganele, amaqabunga aphelile, anokuphuza kancane - aqhuma. Ngenxa yalokho, abagcini nje ukulahlekelwa ukuhlobisa kwabo, kodwa futhi banciphisa amandla. Ngalesi sikhathi, uCleus angase abe yisisulu sezifo noma izinambuzane.
Ama-Whiteflies kanye nezinambuzane ze-spider zihlasela lesi simila kaningi. Ama-aphid adla ijusi lawo, yingakho amaqabunga awonakele yi-curl futhi aphuzi. Ungumthengisi wezifo.
Kungenzeka ukuqeda ama-aphid uma isitshalo siphathwe isisombululo seseva, ngaphambili sasibekela umhlabathi ukuvimbela insipho ukungena kuwo. Kodwa lokhu kuphela uma kunezitshalo ezimbalwa ku-flowerbed, kungenjalo izinambuzane kufanele zisetshenziswe.
I-Fitoverm noma i-Actellic isetshenziselwa ukulwa nama-aphid, ama-whiteflies nama-aphid asetshenziswa ngu-Oberon, i-Aktara, i-Actellic nabanye. Kodwa kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali zinomthelela omubi ezitshalweni ngokwazo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukunakekela izinyathelo zokuvimbela, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukunakekelwa kahle kukaCleus.
Ezimweni eziningi, isifo se-coleus siwumphumela wokunakekelwa kwezitshalo ezingafanele. Isibonelo, ukuwa kweqabunga kungabonisa ukuphuza okwanele, i-stem rot ivela ekutheni ukuphuza ngokweqile.
Uma amaqabunga ephuzi, kodwa ungawa, kanti iColeus ngokwayo ikhula kancane - ayitholi ukudla okunomsoco. Amabala aluhlaza emaceleni nasemaphethelweni amaqabunga abonisa umoya omile ngokweqile. Uma amaqabunga echotshoziwe futhi ephihliwe - isitshalo sibanda kakhulu.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-coleus
Enye yezinzuzo ezizuzisa kakhulu ze-coleus yisenzo sayo se-bactericidal. Ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zinezokwelapha ezisetshenzisiwe kusukela esikhathini esidlule.
Isibonelo, uCleus "Forskolia" uqukethe ingxenye ebalulekile - i-Forskolin. Khipha izitshalo ukuphatha izifo zokuphefumula, u-colitis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kuyasiza ukunciphisa ama-cramps e-asthma, umsebenzi we-thyroid, futhi usetshenziselwa ukuvimbela i-glaucoma nemithi.
Isidakamizwa simisa umsebenzi wamathumbu, sithuthukisa ukungenisa izinto eziwusizo, ngakho-ke, kunomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokushisa amafutha futhi kusetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ukulahlekelwa isisindo.
Ukukhishwa kwe-Forskolia kukholwa ukuthi kwandiswe amazinga e-testosterone futhi kunikeze umphumela we-vasodilator, othuthukisa umsoco wokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyasiza ukubuyisela izintambo zensimbi zomzimba. Umphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala usetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezifo zesistimu ye-genitourinary ngokuhlanganiswa nemithi elwa namagciwane.
Njengoba ubona, uCleus uyisitshalo esimangalisayo. Ukungazihloniphi ekulimeni, kusiza ukwakha imibhede emnandi yemifino emasimini, amapaki, izintambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zisetshenziselwa kakhulu kwezokwelapha, njengoba zinezinto eziningi eziwusizo.
