I-Allium iyi-anyanisi yokuhlobisa, ingeyomndeni ka-anyanisi. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngamakhulu amahlanu zezitshalo. Endle kukhula eNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Ibekezelela isomiso, ibusika iqine. Ukubukeka okumangazayo kukuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise ukuhlobisa izindawo.
Incazelo
Isitshalo sinephunga elithile, izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ziyavela. Amacembe azungezwe yizingane noma eyedwa, impande ifushane.
Ama-inflorescences ayizambulela, ngesimo sendawo noma i-hemisphere. Iqoqwe ngesixha esinqunyelwe. Izimbali ezinjengezinkanyezi ezinama-petals ayisithupha zikusimo sezindebe noma izinsimbi.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Izinhlobo ezidumile:
| Buka | Incazelo | Isikhathi sezimbali |
| Isikhulu | Ngokuphakama nokuphakama komuntu. Izimbali eziyindilinga ezinoViolet, ezinamabala amancane ezinkanyezi, zinobubanzi obungafika ku-15 cm. | Meyi-ekuqaleni kukaJuni. |
| Amakhanda azungeze | Ama-inflorescence apinki noma abomvu. Okusaqanda, ukujikeleza kufika ku-3 cm. | Ingxenye yesibili yehlobo. |
| Umuhle | Izimbali ezincane ezinsomi eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence abunjwe ngesambulela. | Agasti |
| Karatavsky | UPeduncle wangena kakhulu emhlabathini. Amapuleti amaqabunga abanzi ngohlaka olubomvu noma olupinki. Izimbali zimhlophe qhwa noma zibubende. | NgoJuni |
| UGolide | Izambulela ze-Flat inflorescences ezinombuthano ongafika ku-7 cm ophuzi. Kukhunjulwa ngeminduze emincane. | |
| I-Ostrovsky | Izimbali ziyi-lilac-raspberry, zifana ne-pentagram. Zinezinsimbi eziyisithupha. Amathathu awo, atholakala endaweni eyodwa, amafushane. Amaqabunga aphakeme futhi mncane, ngaphandle kwephunga elithile le-anyanisi. | |
| UChristophe | Izimbali zeLilac zinezinkanyezi. Kuqoqwe kuma-inflorescences amakhulu, isilinganiselo kufinyelela ku-25 cm. Ungagcini izinyanga izinyanga. Fade, kepha ungawa, wenze lukhuni bese womile. | |
| Ukubhejwa | Amapuleti amaqabunga ayizicaba, aqoqwe endaweni enomphetho wama-rhizome. Izimbali zipinki noma zimhlophe qhwa emilenzeni, zifinyelela kuma-50 cm. | Ukukhwabanisa okuphakathi. |
| Schubert | Ama-Pedicels asuka ku-2 kuye ku-20 cm. Ama-inflorescence aphuzi ngezimbali ezimibalabala-zipinki. | Meyi-Julayi. |
| I-ceruleum eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Ama-inflorescence ama-Violet-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka atholakala ku-pedicle ende. Banobubanzi be-2-7 cm. | Ukuphela kwentwasahlobo ukuqala kwehlobo. |
| IsiSicilian | Izimbali zensimbi epinki noma ezi-milky, zithambekele emhlabathini ngemilenze eqondile. Izinyosi zenza u-anyanisi uju kusuka empova. | Ephreli-Meyi. |
| I-Pskemsky | Amaqabunga angama-cylindrical ngesimo. Ubukhulu obungu-2-3 cm.I-inflorescence imhlophe qhwa ngeqhwa ngendlela ye-hemisphere. | Ukuqala kukaJulayi. |
| I-Oblique (isheshisiwe, igalikhi yasentabeni) | Amacembe adliwayo kanye nama-bulbs. Ama-inflorescence aphuzi ngama-stamens amaningi anamathele ezinhlangothini. | NgoJuni-Julayi. |
| I-Roseum | Izinsimbi ze-inflorescence zikhulu, zimhlophe qhwa, kumhlophe qwa. Ububanzi bezimbali bufika ku-8 cm.Kubusika, ukufakelwa kwenziwa ebhodweni. Isitshalo silethwa egumbini, ngoba ngokwesaba amakhaza. | Meyi-Juni. |
| I-Gladiator | Ekuphakameni kuze kufike kumitha elilodwa nesigamu. I-inflaccence ye-lilac noma i-violet inobubanzi obungama-25 cm. | NgoJuni Kuhlala amaviki ama-2. |
| IGigantum | Ikhula ibe ngu-150 cm. Ama-Lilac inflorescence awekho ngaphezu kwe-10 cm. | Ukuphela kwentwasahlobo ukuqala kwehlobo. |
| IsiBulgaria | Izimbali zimhlophe njenge-burgundy. Ekuphakameni kuze kufike ku-90 cm. | Meyi-Juni. |
| I-Amethyst | I-Red Mohican Perennial ikhula ibe ngu-100 cm. Izimbali ze-Burgundy-ezimhlophe 5-7 cm. | NgoJuni-Julayi. |
| Dlula | Ama-inflorescence amnyama onsomi ama-5-6 cm. Ekuphakameni kuze kufike ku-60 cm. | |
| Indlovukazi yase-Ivory | Amaqabunga ahlanganisiwe, abanzi futhi abanzi. Ukhula aze afike ku-40 cm. | Ukuphela kukaMeyi-Juni. |
| Ubuhle Basehlobo | Ama-inflorescences angama-lavender amnene. Kancane kancane kufiphele kumhlophe kakhilimu. Unganikeli imbewu. Gcina ijamo labo izinyanga ezimbalwa. | Julayi |
| Aflatunsky | Isibazi sinokukhanya okuphelele, kumbozwe ngesikali esimpunga. Amapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza okotshani, kanye neribhoni. Isitshalo siyadliwa. | Meyi-Juni. |
| Bear | Ikhula ifinyelele ku-40 cm. Ama-inflorescence ayizambulela eziqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa. | |
| Unqobile | Ifinyelela cm 70. Izimbali zimhlophe-ziluhlaza. |
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
Ukutshala isitshalo nokunakekela akusithathi isikhathi esiningi. I-anyanisi ithanda ilanga; umthunzi oyingxenye futhi kufanelekile ukutshala. Izinhlobo eziphakeme (ngokwesibonelo, i-siculum) kufanele zitshalwe ezindaweni ezivikelwe umoya ukuze izibungu zingaphuki iziqu. Isitshalo sizokhula kahle ngesilinganiso senhlabathi evundile, elula. I-Allium idinga ukudonsa okuhle. Ngokuqina, ama aqala ukubola.
Ukuthenga
Udinga ukukhetha ama-bulbs aqinile, amakhulu, anamanzi we-creamy tones, ngaphandle kokoma nobumba. Ukutshala izinto ezinamahlumela amasha akunconywa.
Ubuchwepheshe Bokungena Kwangaphandle
Ukutshala kwangaphandle kwenzeka ekwindla noma entwasahlobo:
- Inhlabathi iyamba. I-humus ne-ash ash zongezwa ukucebisa i-substrate nge-potassium.
- Amabhule atshalwe emigodini enomswakama. Ukujula kokwehla kulingana nosayizi abathathu bekhanda le-anyanisi. Ibanga phakathi kwezimbobo ngu-30-50 cm.
- Inhlabathi ibanjisiwe.
I-anyanisi isikhulile kanye nezithombo:
- imbewu ihlwanyelwa kucezu oluncane oluhlanganisa i-humus, peat kanye ne-turf;
- amahlumela agobhoze;
- Izithombo zenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile kumoya omusha wokuqina ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile;
- izitshalo zidluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2-2,5;
- oswakanyiswe kahle ukuze ifike ibe nobubanzi be-10 cm
Ubuchwepheshe Bokungenisa Indoor
Isinyathelo sokutshala endlini ngesinyathelo:
- Imbiza ikhethwe ngokujule, enenqwaba yezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Amanzi amaningi azosibhubhisa lesi sitshalo.
- Ungqimba wokudonsa amanzi ngobumba oluhle, i-perlite ibekwe ezansi komtshali.
- Inhlabathi ithululelwa phezulu, kutshalwe isibani kuyo.
- Izinto zokutshala zifafazwa nge-substrate, inhlabathi ihlanganiswe kancane.
- Umhlaba uyaniselwa. Uma kunesidingo, inhlabathi iyangezwa (ibanga le-1.5-2 cm kufanele lihlale liye phezulu embizeni).
Izici Zokunakekela
Uma unisela, kufanele uhambisane nezincomo ezilandelayo:
- Ukusikeka namanzi ngokweqile kuyingozi kulesi sitshalo kunokuntuleka kwako.
- Ukuchelela ngokulinganisela kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo. Lapho amaqabunga kanye ne-inflorescence form.
- Ukunisela kuyadingeka. Isimo sezulu esomile kaningi. Ezimisweni - njengoba umhlabathi waphezulu womisa.
Imithetho yokufaka isicelo sokugqoka:
- Ukondla kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula. Lokhu kusiza isitshalo ukubhekana nengcindezi eyandayo.
- Entwasahlobo, bondliwa ngengxube equkethe i-nitrogen.
- Ehlobo, kunconywa ukugqokwa kwamaminerali phezulu.
- NgoSepthemba, kusetshenziswa umanyolo owomile we-phosphorus-potash. Balungiselela i-allium ebusika.
- Esikhathini esibandayo, ihlanganiswe nge-humus, i-peat.
Ukuzala
I-Allium iyandiswa
- ama-bulbs;
- ngembewu;
- ama-bulbs;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwekhisi.
Esimweni sokuqala, akukhuthazwa ukuthi uhlwanyele amabhlogo wembewu angaphansi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isitshalo sizoba nombala obuthuntu. Ngale ndlela, u-anyanisi cishe wanoma yiluphi uhlobo uyaluswa. Okubi ngale ndlela ukuthi i-allium izoqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu.
Ngokusakazeka kokutshala imifino, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuyabonakala ngonyaka wokuqala. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ngeke ikwazi ukuzala zonke izinhlobo ze-allium: eziningi azinikezi "izingane", hhayi zonke ezine-rhizomes ezilungele ukwahlukaniswa.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-allium zinikeza ama. Lawa ama-bulbs amancane akatholakali emhlabathini, kodwa esiqongweni se-peduncle.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
U-anyanisi uthinteka yilezi zifo kanye nezinambuzane ezilandelayo:
| Isifo / iPest | Ukulimala | Izindlela zokulawula |
| I-Peronosporosis | Kuvela amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kulawo mahlamvu. I-mycelium ye-grey-violet hue iyakhiwa ngohlobo lwe-plaque. Luhlaza uphenduka ophuzi, ube nsundu, womile. | Amahlamvu okugula ayahamba. Amabhasi aphathwa ngemikhiqizo ethengiwe (ingxube yeBordeaux, i-chloroxide yethusi, i-carcotide, i-ridomil). |
| Ukugqwala | Entwasahlobo, izingwegwe eziwolintshi ziyabonakala kulokho okuluhlaza okotshani. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, ifomu le-red-yellow spores. Amahlamvu omile. | Amaqabunga athintekile ayachithwa. I-anyanisi ifafazwa ngamalungiselelo aqukethe yethusi (i-chloride yethusi, ingxube yeBordeaux). |
| Smut | Imivimbo emnyama engwevu iyavela. Amapuleti amaqabunga kanye nama-pedicel agobile. | |
| IHeterosporosis | Amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, embozwe ngumbala onsundu. Imifino iyoma, isivuno siyawohloka. | |
| Isifo sofuba | Ukulimala kuvela ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Emagqumeni nasezihlahleni, kwakhiwa amabala acacile we-grey hue onomngcele omncane ophuzi ophuzi. Izindawo ezithintekile aziboli. Imifino iphenduka iphuzi futhi yomile. | |
| Yethusi yegolide | Lesi sinambuzane esikhulu esiluhlaza esine-tint yethusi, yegolide. Ifinyelela ku-14-20 mm. Uma ubheka isithombe, ungabona imigqa emhlophe eshintshayo emaphikweni. Ama-larvae aminyene, amhlophe qhwa, afinyelela ku-60 mm ubude. I-Pupa aphuzi, yakheka kukhukhunathi obumba. Izinambuzane zindiza kusuka ngoMeyi kuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. | Amabhungane nezibungu kuyaqoqwa. |
Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba
Ngomklamo wezingadi zamatshe nama-slides amatshe, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- karatavsky;
- I-Pskemian;
- Ubuhle Basehlobo.
Amapaki wezwe avela nge-allium:
- Aflatunian
- onqobayo;
- omkhulu;
- Bearish
- i-globmaster.
Emibhedeni yezimbali nemingcele ekubonakaleni komhlaba, indawo yokudlala, i-angular, i-chisel, ukubukeka okuhle ngokungagcwele. Isitsha sokuhlobisa se-Neapolitan ne-pink sisetshenziselwa i-distillation.
Izinhlobo ezinkudlwana zinconywa ukuthi zitshaleke engadini yezimbali (isibonelo, Mount Everest). Izinhlobo ezincane kufanele zifakwe ezitsheni. Ukuqhakaza kwama-allium kuzohlobisa noma yimuphi umhlaba.
