Izithelo zomvini ziyisiko sasendulo kakhulu, okwamanje, okuye kwakhula ngokushesha futhi kukhula kuwo wonke amakhulu eminyaka.
Ngokuyinhloko ukuphumelela okukhulu kwenziwa ngokukhethwa okufakelwayo, imiphumela esivela izinkulungwane zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngisho ne-winegrower enolwazi oluningi kakhulu angahle alahlekelwe ikhanda lakhe lapho ehlangana nale ningi.
Sizozama ukwenza yonke imizamo yokwethulwa okungenani okungenani okunye okuhlukahlukene okubizwa ngegama elithi "Timur".
Umgomo wethu ngeke ube nje incazelo yezithelo zomvini nezithelo zawo, kodwa futhi isingeniso esimisweni sokutshala nokunakekela isihlahla salesi sivini esihle.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi "Timur"
Lezi zihlukahlukene ziwumphumela wemizamo yabososayensi baseRussia, abayibhidliza ngokuzalanisa. Amafomu afana ne "Frumoasa Albe" nethi "Ukuthakazelisa" yaba izinhlobo zomzali zamagilebhisi atholakele.
Amagilebhisi "Timur" athola kubo izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu, futhi namuhla yiyona intandokazi yabalimi abaningi abafuna ukukhulisa amagilebhisi etafuleni labo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhuthazela nokuzinza kwezihlahla zemivini kuchazwa ukuthi kuvunyelwe ezindaweni eziningi zezulu, ikakhulu uma ikhulile ukumboza isiko.
Ngokwemvelo, isici esiyinhloko sezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi akusilo isihlahla esithile, kodwa i-cluster yayo. Kulezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi, zinamazinga amakhulu nesisindo esifundeni se-0.4-0.6 kilogram. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, banesimo se-cylindrical noma se-conical, kanye nesakhiwo sokusabalalisa se-berry esilinganiselwe.
Ukuziqhenya okukhethekile kwezihlukahlukene yiyo amajikijolo ayo amakhulu futhi amahle kakhulu. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile berry eyodwa buyi-2.9 x2.1 amasentimitha, kanti isisindo sabo esilinganisweni sinama-6-8 amagremu. Ukuma amajikijolo kunezinhlobo ezimbili: i-oval noma i-ingono enephosi elikhomba kakhulu.
Umbala wombala ongaphandle wamagilebhisi "i-Timur" nawo unemibala emibili - emhlophe, ene-amber enhle noma ekhanyayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ohlangothini olukhanyayo, futhi olubomvu. Kodwa-ke, owokuqala uvame kakhulu, ngakho-ke sikhuluma ngawo (Yebo, sikhumbula futhi nge pink, kodwa kancane kancane futhi hhayi okuningiliziwe).
Amagilebhisi omnandi "Timur" kufanele anakekele ngokukhethekile. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esinyene, lapho sidla, senza umphumela we-crunch. Futhi ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokuqoqa ushukela (kusuka ku-17 kuya kwezingu-22% nge-acidity yalezi amajikijolo kuphela ngo-6-9 g / l) kanye nephunga elimnandi le-musk, ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi okuhlukahluka okuchazwe kuba okuhlukile.
Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi isikhumba sesithelo sincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke, uma sidliwa, sibheka kalula futhi singacabangi.
Okokuqala, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi lezi zihlukahlukene yizici isilinganiso sokukhula kwehlathi. Ngakho-ke, ingahlakulela kabi uma itshalwe eduze kwehlathi eliqinile.
Ukuqeda le nkinga, izithelo eziningi zomvini "Timur" ezihlahleni ezinamandla. Ngenxa yalokhu, hhayi kuphela ukwandisa usayizi wehlathi, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa fruiting yayo.
Umehluko kuphela ekutshalweni kwezimila ezimpandeni zawo kuphela kuzokwenzeka esikhathini esizayo sokuvuthwa kwesitshalo, ngokuvamile esenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-105-115 zonyaka okhulayo wesihlahla somvini. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, izinhlobonhlobo zizozibonakalisa zakuqala.
Ngokuvamile, isivuno Amagilebhisi "Timur" phezulu.
Inendima ebalulekile kulokhu idlalwe ukuvuthwa okuhle kwamahlumela, okuphakathi kuka-75-95% okukhiqizayo, kanye nokukhiqiza okuphezulu kwehlathi, okuyinto eyi-1.5-2 (okungukuthi, kusukela ku-1 kuya ku-3 amaqoqo angavuthwa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho namahlumela ezinkuni ezingapheli kukhona ukufaneleka okuhle kwe-fruiting.
Inzuzo enkulu yalezi ezihlukahlukene Ukuhluma kwemifino emihle kakhulu, okusiza kakhulu inqubo yokukhiqiza amagilebhisi. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi izivini ezihlukahlukene zeTimur ziba fruiting, kakade eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu emva kokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo yokukhula.
Okuncane ngokubaluleke kakhulu kufanelekile Amagilebhisi "Timur"
- Izinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi zinembali yobungqingili, okuqinisekisa isivuno esinezinzile futhi esiningi ngaphandle kwamajikijolo.
- Isivuno esiphezulu kanye nesethulo esihle samagilebhisi amagilebhisi.
- Ikhono lokuthola amasayizi amakhulu amaqoqo namajikijolo lapho ehlukanisa isihlahla emahlathini angama-20-25 noma lapho ihlanganiswa emthonjeni okhulayo oqinile.
- Ukuhambisana okuhle nezinqolobane cishe zonke izihlahla zomvini ezide.
- Uma ukhula lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi eduze kwodonga noma ezinhlobonhlobo zasemaphandleni, kungenzeka ukufezekisa inkomba yokuqoqa ushukela ka-25%.
- Kukhona ukuphikiswa okuphezulu kwezifo ezivamile zezivini njengezifo nezimpunga.
- "I-Timur" ibhekisela kwenye yezinhlobo zamagilebhisi ezinamandla kakhulu, ngoba ngisho nalapho ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ku--25ºС, izinkuni zalo zilimale kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile.
Eqinisweni, okuwukuphela kokungalungi kwalolu hlu oluhlukahlukene lwamagilebhisi ukukhula buthakathaka kwesihlahla sakhe. Ngenxa yokuthi isihlahla sincane - futhi inani lamahlumela kuwo livame ukwenza uhlobo oluthile, futhi ngisho nezitshalo eziningi kakhulu, isihlahla asikwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusidonsa ezingeni eliphezulu ngaphandle kokujwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zihlukahlukene zifuna kakhulu izimo zokukhula, uhlobo lomhlabathi nokugqoka okuphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele, ngeke kube nezithelo futhi kuthuthuke kahle ngisho njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, futhi kungase kupheleke ngokuphelele.
Isihlahla ikakhulukazi sithinta kakhulu ukutshala kwalo emhlabathini owunzima. Kulokhu, naphezu kokuvuna okuhle, izinga labo lihluka kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, isikhumba samajikijolo siyaba yiziqhumane futhi sithola i-tart engavamile kanye ne-flavour enotshani. Ngenhlanhla, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa okugcwele kwesitshalo kanye nokuthola ukukhula komthengi, lokhu kunambitheka ngokuphelele.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngemithetho yokunakekelwa kwezithelo zamagilebhisi.
Amagilebhisi "i-Timur" pink: umehluko nokufanisana nomhlophe odumile
Eyaziwa yilolu hlobo lwamagilebhisi kuqala okokugcina kanye nezici ze-fruiting.
Iqala ukukhiqiza futhi, njengamhlophe, kodwa izithelo zayo zivuthwa kancane kancane, phakathi no-Agasti. Phela, isikhathi esikhulayo sehlathi sihlala okungenani 110 futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezinsuku ezingu-130. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izithelo zomvini zinezithelo ezivuthiwe azitholakali njengalezo ezichazwe ngenhla, nakuba zinezithelo ezinkulu: amaqoqo anesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-0.8, abe namajikijolo amakhulu ama-pink. Isakhiwo se-cluster siphumele.
Ngokungafani nesihlobo sayo esimhlophe, i-"Timur" ebomvana inezinhlobo zayo ukunambitheka okumnandi amajikijolo Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, futhi okuqukethwe kwayo nge-caloric kuphakeme kakhulu, cishe ama-khalori angu-70 ngamagremu angu-100 amajikijolo.
Kanti futhi, amagilebhisi omvini ngokuvamile anezimo ezixubile nezikhumba. Kodwa isikhumba sidliwa futhi akukho ndlela eboniswa ngayo ukunambitheka. Ngendlela, ukunambitheka lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zamagilebhisi "Timur" ziyahluka kakhulu.
Ukulimala okunamandla kakhulu kulezi zihlukahlukene ukuthi isihlahla saso ngokuvamile sithinteka yi-mite yamagilebhisi. Kunzima kakhulu ukulwa nale nkathazo, abantu abaningi bakhetha ukukhetha i-Timur emhlophe yokutshala isakhiwo sabo siqu.
Sinezimiso ezikhethekile zokutshala amagilebhisi "Timur" bese uphendula imibuzo "kanjani?", "Nini?", "Kuphi?" futhi "kanjani?"
Isifiso nje sokuba nesayithi lakho sihlale sincane. Ngemuva kwalokho, akudingeki ukuba uhlwanyele kuphela, kodwa futhi ukukwenza kahle. Okokuqala, kudingeka ukhethe ukuthi ungatshala kanjani isihlahla somvini, ngoba kukhona ngempela izindlela eziningana:
- Ukukhiqizwa kwamagilebhisi ngosizo lwezithombo ezihlanganisiwe.
- Ukuqoqa ama-cuttings emagodini ezinhlobonhlobo zezinye izinhlobo.
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yamagilebhisi.
- Ukukhulisa indlela entsha yokuhoxiswa kwamahlathi.
Kodwa, ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi, kungcono ukukhetha le ndlela yokuxhunyelela emithonjeni enamandla ekhula, enesisindo esikhulu semithi engapheli. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukuba sikhule isihlahla esihle esinamandla okukhula. Futhi, kulokhu, ungafinyelela amagilebhisi angaphansi kancane, anezinhlobonhlobo ze "Timur".
Ukuphumelela okungenasiphansi kungatshalwa futhi kushicilelwe, ngezimpande zabo. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ubungakanani nekhwalithi yesitshalo kuzoba kancane.
Ayikho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokuthi uzotshala amagilebhisi ekwindla noma hhayi entwasahlobo. Inkathi ngayinye inezinselele zayo kanye nezinzuzo zayo.
Kubalulekile ukucabangela kuphela ukuthi lezo zithombo eziluhlaza nezitshalo ezihle zitshalwe entwasahlobo, ngoba ekwindla zingonakaliswa yiqhwa. Noma kunjalo, ekwindla kukhona ukukhetha okukhulu kakhulu kwezitshalo ngokwabo, futhi ukutshala ngalesi sikhathi kwenziwa ngokuphumelelayo ngenxa yokwehla okuphezulu kwenhlabathi ngomswakama.
Uma uzothela izithelo zomvini entwasahlobo, khona-ke ungayenza kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaMatshi ezifudumele. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungatshala izithombo ezisindiswe ekwindla noma wenze imishanguzo ezinqolobaneni ezindala.
Ezinsukwini zentsuku zentwasahlobo, izithombo ezahlwanyiswa ebusika eziphuma kumagilebhisi zitshalo zitshalwe kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Ngakho-ke banamahlumela aluhlaza okwedlulele, ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uyawadlula, amathuba okulondolozwa kwawo kusukela entwasahlobo yamahlumela.
Ukutshala kwe-autumn yamagilebhisi kwenziwa ngegama elincane. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yisikhathi lapho izithombo zomvini sezivele ziphumula. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuphela umvini ohlwanyelayo ungenayo isikhathi sokuqala ukukhula, okuyinto engathandeki ngokwedlulele ngenxa yokungena kwamaqhwa ebusika.
Futhi, mayelana nama-frosts afanayo angeke aphuze ngokufika. Kungcono ukukwenza engxenyeni yesibili ka-Okthoba, ezindaweni ezingaphezulu ezisenyakatho nasebandleni - ngasekupheleni kuka-September noma ngasekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
Izithelo zomvini ziyakuthanda kakhulu ukushisa, futhi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeTimur zidinga inhlabathi evundile futhi elula yokukhula okuhle. Kule ndaba, vele utshale isihlahla esikhaleni samahhala se-cottage yakho ehlobo ngeke isebenze.
Kumele uqaphele kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isihlahla asikho esimweni esifihliwe izakhiwo noma ezinye izitshalo, futhi sinomthamo okwanele wezakhi.
Abavini bewayini abanolwazi batusa ukuvuna amagilebhisi "aseTimur" eduze kwezindlu zabo, ohlangothini lwabo oluseningizimu (kahle, noma kusukela eningizimu-ntshonalanga). Ngenxa yalokhu, isihlahla ngeke sithole kuphela ukukhanya kwelanga, kodwa sizovikeleka kahle emoyeni.
Lezi zinsuku ziyingozi kakhulu kumagilebhisi ngenkathi zikhazimulayo, ngoba zingakwazi ukuqeda zonke izifo ze-inflorescences. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagilebhisi atshalwa kahle emagqumeni amancane noma emagqumeni amancane, ngoba ezigodini zingaphinde zihlasele imifudlana emikhulu yemimoya ebandayo, ebangela izifo ze-fungal.
Kungcono ukhethe inhlabathi evundile yokutshala izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemagilebhisi. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi akunjalo kwisayithi lakho, kufanele uzifakise ngezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi "i-Timur" iyisithelo esihle kakhulu futhi ikhula emhlabathini oshisayo nokufudumele.
Uhlelo lokutshala leli grape kufanele lucabangele ukukhula kwehlathi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ibanga eliphakathi kwehlathini emgqeni ofanayo lingenziwa kuphela kumitha eli-1, kodwa phakathi kwemigqa - kusuka ku-1.5 kuya ku-2.5.
Ukuhlanganiswa okufanelekile kuyisihluthulelo sokuvuna kwamagilebhisi esizayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngaphambi kokuba uqalise kuso, kufanele wazi kahle le nqubo, esiyiphakamisa ukuthi uyayenza.
Okokuqala udinga ukwenza ukulungiswa kwezicuttings. Ngokuvame ukuvunwa ekwindla, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukufeza igciwane ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Kodwa-ke, ama-cuttings akwazi ukugcina ngisho kuze kube semuva, uma uwamboza ngesihlabathi futhi uwagcine egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa elingekho ngaphansi kwe-12ºС. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusika okungcono akufanele kube nokuncane, okungaphezu kwama-2-3 amehlo.
Ukuze uhlanganiswe, ingxenye engezansi ye-cut is cut off kusuka zombili izinhlangothi, okwenza umkhawulo. Lokhu kuzomvumela ukuba acindezele kakhulu esitokisini, ngaleyo ndlela aphuthumise ukuthungathwa kwakhe.
Futhi, ingxenye engezansi kufanele ibe ubambe isikhathi esithile emanziniukuze ukusika kufanele kudliwe ngomswakama okudingekayo kanye nokuqina okukhulu. Ngenhloso efanayo, engxenyeni engenhla yokusika, okungukuthi, amehlo akhe, kunconywa ukuba i-wax.
Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele uqale ukulungiselela isitoko kuqala, ukususa isihlahla esidala. Ingqimba yesigamu sesokunxele, ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angu-10, kwenziwa kuze kube bushelelezi bushelelezi.
Futhi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukususa kuyo yonke ingcola engabangela izifo. Khona-ke ungayenza ukuhlukaniswa kwesitoko. Kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela hhayi ngokujulile, ukuze kungabangela umonakalo.
I-stalk elungiselelwe ifakwa ekuhlukaniseni futhi igxiliswe kuphela ngengxenye ehlutshiwe. Uma isitoreji sikhulu ngokwanele - ungakwazi ukuhlunga izinhlamvu eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ukuze kusebenze ukuhlanganiswa kahle, isitokisi kufanele sihanjiswe njengoba sinamandla ngangokunokwenzeka futhi sivikeleke ngendwangu ehlala njalo. Ngemva kwalokhu, isitokisi senziwe ngodaka olumanzi futhi sithelelwa kakhulu ngamanzi. Kubalulekile ukufaka noma ukusimba eduze kwakhe ukusekelwa kwehlathini esizayo, kanye nokuxubha umhlabathi nxazonke.
Ukunakekela amagilebhisi "Timur": izici ezibaluleke kakhulu
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale uphuza amanzi ehlathini lalezi zithelo zomvini. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokubhakaza futhi ngesikhathi sokuvuna ukuvuna okuzayo. Ngesikhathi sesomiso, akunakwenzeka ukuba ushiye isihlahla ngaphandle komswakama owengeziwe.
- Ukunisela okunye kufanele kuhambisane nokuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi: eduze kwe-trunk kubeka uhlaka lwe-3 cm we-sawdust noma i-moss.
- Ukuze isihlahla esihle se-fruiting sidinga ukusika izihlahla njalo. Umthwalo ojwayelekile wesihlahla unamahlo angaba ngu-30, nakuba ukwandisa ubukhulu bamaqoqo, ajwayelekile kuya ku-20-25. Ihlumela ngalinye lifinyezwe amehlo angu-10-12.
- Lokhu okuhlukahlukene, naphezu kokuzinza, udinga ukumboza ubusika, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubudala nobani.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesihlahla somvini kufanele kube njalo njalo. Okuphakelayo kungaba okujwayelekile, okuphilayo kanye namaminerali, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungayithinti ngamanyolo we-nitrogen.
- Ukufuthola ukuvikela okuhlathini kwenziwa njalo ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuqhakaza futhi lapho sekuphelile.
