I-cherry izithelo zokuvuthwa ngokuvamile zivela engxenyeni yesibili kaJuni.
Ngenxa yesikhala esincane salanga amajikijolo, ezinyangeni ezizayo akunakwenzeka ukuba adle izithelo zawo ezihlwabusayo.
Kulesi simo, kuyojabulisa noma yikuphi izinhlobo ze-cherry "i-Regina", okuyizo izinhlobo zokuvuthwa eziseduze.
Sizokwethula zonke izimfihlo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ezimangalisayo futhi sijwayelane nemithetho yokutshala.
Incazelo yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuvuthwa ezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry "Regina"
Ezihlukahlukene eziyingqayizivele, kokubili ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo nakwezakhiwo zomuthi, zahlushwa ngaphandle kweRussia. Isizukulwane sakhe siqala ngeJalimane, lapho i-Regina sweet cherry tree ibhekwa njengenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekulimeni. Ukuklanywa kwayo kubanzi kakhulu - kuthatha izimpande kahle futhi kuveza izithelo zombili esifundeni saseNingizimu nasendaweni yesifunda se-Middle Volga.
I-sweet cherry "Regina" - isici sezithelo
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinesayizi esikhulu kakhulu sesithelo. Amajikijolo ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa okukhishwayo kufinyelela isisindo sikagremu angu-11. Zingachazwa ngokuthi amajikijolo anomzimba obomvu obomvu, ohlangene ngesimo. Inyama nayo ibomvu.
Ngokwesakhiwo saso, u-pulp walezi zithelo unomzimba oqinile futhi oqinile, oqukethe ijusi elikhulu lombala obomvu obomvu. Ukunambitheka kwe-sweet cherry "Regina" kumnandi, kuhlonishwa kakhulu ochwepheshe.
Imigomo yokuvuthwa amajikijolo asephuzile kakhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo. Inkathi yokuvuthwa iqala emkhatsini wangekubili / wesibili kaJulayi. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo yokugcina eqeda inkathi ye-cherry enkathi. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi amajikijolo angakwazi isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuba ahlale esihlahleni, uma engagqunywanga, ngenkathi engekho futhi egcina ukubukeka okuhle.
Ngakho-ke, uma ngisho nezinsuku ezingu-10-15 uqinisa ngokuya ku-cottage, i-cherries evuthiwe izolinda ukuthi ube njengento enhle futhi enhle kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwamajikijolo ama-sweet cherry kuwona wonke umhlaba, okuqinisekisiwe ngokuphila kwabo kwelanga eside esiqandisini.
Ngakho, u-Regina angakujabulela ukuluhlaza kuze kube phakathi no-Agasti. Ekubeni nasebusika, izindleko zakho zizokujabulela ama-compotes anamnandi nama-jams ezenziwe kusuka cherries amnandi.
Okudingayo ukwazi ngezici zomuthi we-regina cherry
Ubukhulu bomuthi, njengama cherry amaningi, buphakathi. Ukukhula kuhamba kancane. Umqhele ungumumo ojikelezayo, obonakala ngezinga eliphansi lokuqina. Izimbali eziqala zivela esihlahleni ngonyaka wesithathu ngemuva kokuthi zifakelwe endaweni entsha enomphela. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa nge-skoropplodny. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isivuno siphakeme, siza njalo njalo ngonyaka.
Mayelana namahlumela e-sweet cherry "Regina"
Amahlumela aseRina ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngisho nangomnyaka owodwa we-sapling, bangafinyelela ngamamentimitha angu-50 ngobude. Ngokuvamile zikhula ziqonde, zifinyelele phezulu. Umbala obomvu okhanyayo. Bangakwazi ukwakha inani elikhulu lamajikijolo, kodwa isihlahla asikwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubanikeza konke ngezinto ezidingekayo. Ukuze kuzuzwe isivuno esikhulu eminyakeni yokuqala ye-fruiting, kubalulekile ukuba unciphise amahlumela ngo-2-3 izimpande.
I-Inflorescences akufani neze-inflorescences yezinye izinhlobo. Ihlangene nezimbali ezincane ezingu-2-3 ezinamafutha amhlophe amhlophe. Inkomishi yeNdebe kaningi.
Izimfanelo ezinhle ezihlukahlukene
Izinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo ngokuyinhloko ukuvuthwa kwayo sekuphelile. Uma utshala leli cherry elihle kwisayithi, kanye nezinye izinhlobo, kungenzeka ukuba ube namajikijolo e-sweet cherry endlini yakho cishe isigamu sehlobo. Ngendlela, amajikijolo ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu, isethulo esiphakeme kanye nokunambitheka. Kufanelekile ukuhamba emadolobheni amade, okuqinisekiswa yi-structure eqinile yamajikijolo.
Ezinkingeni zokuvikela lesi sihlahla ezifweni, izinambuzane nezifo zamasimu zinezitshalo ezingenasidingo sokukhathazeka. Ngokuyinhloko, uRegina, ojwayele izifo ze-fungus, cishe awuthintekile. Ukuphikiswa kwamaqabunga kwezinkuni kuhle. Amajikijolo nawo akwazi ukubekezelela kalula umswakama ophezulu futhi ungaphazamisi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Yiba nesitoreji eside kakhulu, uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-cherry enhle, uRegina uthatha indawo ehloniphekile kakhulu.
Izimfanelo ezimbi zika-Regina sweet cherry
Izinhlobonhlobo azizitholi impova, ngakho-ke kutuswa ukutshala ezinye izinhlobo zama cherry endaweni eyodwa.
Siqala ukutshala i-cherry e-sweet cherry
Ama-cherry amnandi kufanele atshalwe kahle. Lokhu kubhekisela kokubili ukukhetha indawo yokutshala kanye nemiyalelo ethile mayelana nendlela yokutshala isilwane emgodini. Uma kungenjalo, lesi sihlahla asikwazi ukuza, noma singathela izithelo futhi silimale kakhulu.
Isikhathi esifanele sonyaka sokufika
Ukutshala i-Cherry kwenziwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkathi ngayinye inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo, esizozama ukuzitshela ngokuningiliziwe. Izihlahla zezithelo zivame ukutshala ekwindla. Lokhu kuzokwenziwa yiqiniso lokuthi phakathi nalesi sikhathi inani elikhulu kakhulu lezithombo linikezwa emakethe. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba ukhethe hhayi kuphela ezihlukahlukene ezikufanele, kodwa futhi nokuhlelwa kokuhle.
Ngemuva kokuqala kwesithwathwa esinqinile, i-trunk namagatsha we-seedling kudingeka balele phakathi kwesihlabathi, futhi kamuva - ngeqhwa. Ukuze isithombo singabonakaliswa ilanga eliqondile, kufanele futhi sihlanganiswe ngenhla besebenzisa ishidi leplywood.
Nokho ukutshala ekwindla akuhlali njalo nomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni komuthi. Ngempela, phakathi nobusika obusika, ukusikwa komzimba kungonakaliswa amaqhwa, ngenxa yokuthi ngeke isetshenziswe entwasahlobo futhi ngeke ukwazi ukukhiqiza izitshalo. Ngakho-ke, uma uqala ukutshala isinamathela ekwindla, okokuqala ungakhohlwa ukulungisa ngokucophelela inhlabathi: kufanele ikhululwe ngokucophelela futhi ifakwe umanyolo, futhi yenza inqwaba yomswakama kuyo. Kungumsoco namanzi okuzosiza ukudlulisa isithombo ngesikhathi sasebusika kahle.
Uma ukwesaba ukuqothula umuthi kukuvimbe ngaphambi kokutshala ekwindla, nakuba imbewu isetshenzisiwe kakade, ungayisindisa ngendlela efanayo kuze kube sehlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bamba imbobo encane engadini lapho kufanele ukufakwa khona emhlabathini we-45º. Umgodi kufanele ungcwatshwe kakhulu, ngisho nokufaka isigundane phezulu. I-top of the seedling kufanele ibekwe eceleni.
Ukufika kwe Spring umphumela omuhle ekukhuleni kwezithombo. Uma kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanele (ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ngemuva kokuba umhlabathi ususwe), khona-ke umuthi uzokwazi ukukhula kahle ngenkathi ekhulayo endaweni entsha, futhi kuyoba lula ukukhuthazelela ubusika obubandayo. Kodwa-ke, konke ukungalungi nokuncintisana ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuthola isitampuli esihle entwasahlobo, futhi ukuthenga entwasahlobo kuzodala izinkinga eziningi nokugcina kwayo.
Mayelana nendawo efanelekayo yokutshala ama cherry
Ukushisa kwelanga ka Cherry kumiswe kahle ezindaweni ezingezansi, kukhona amahlamvu amancane kuso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanya kwelanga kuyadingeka ukuba umuthi udale isithelo futhi ukuze udale ubumnandi. Futhi, kuyingozi ukutshala umuthi lapho umhlaba uqhutshwa yimimoya ebandayo noma emanzini emithambeka, lapho umoya obandayo uphahla khona. Ama-cherry amnandi afaneleka kakhulu amancane angabhekene nemimoya yasenyakatho yegquma.
Sakhetha uhlobo lwenhlabathi ngokukhula okuhle kwe-cherry elimnandi
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukukhula ama-cherry, udinga ukufunda konke mayelana nezici zalo. Ngokuyinhloko, lo muthi udinga umswakama wenhlabathi. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, akumele kuhlwanyelwe kulowo mhlabathi lapho amanzi ahlala khona isikhathi eside kakhulu, okungabangela ukubola kwesimiso somuthi. Ngalokhu engqondweni, kubalulekile ukuhlola izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, uma zingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.5 - kufanelekile ukunakekela uhlelo lokuhambisa amanzi endaweni yakho.
Izinketho ezingcono kakhulu zama cherry ezikhulayo kukhona inhlabathi efana ne-loam ne-sandstone. Ziphathwa kahle futhi azidingi ukunakekelwa okuningi. I-sweet cherry ngeke ikwazi ukuhlala phansi ngobumba noma esihlabathini, uma ngaphambi kwalokho leyo mhlabathi ingaphathwa kahle futhi ifakwe umanyolo. Ngokuyinhloko, kutuswa ukuxuba inhlabathi yobumba ngomhlabathi we-river and ukwethula okuningi umquba eziphilayo.
Inhlabathi, ngokuphambene nalokho, kufanele ihlanjululwe ngodaka ukuze umswakama uhlale ukhona. Umanyolo awufanelekile. Ukulungiselela ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, ngaphandle kwalokho inhlabathi ngeke ibe nesikhathi sokuvuna.
Ukuhlaselwa ekukhetheni isiteji
Kodwa, naphezu kokuthi umhlabathi kanye nendawo enhle ongayikhetha ukutshala ama cherry, okuningi kuzothola izithombo. Phela, uma isihlahla sibi, silimazekile, noma sinezimpande ezonakalisiwe, izinga lokusinda lizohliswa ngokuzenzekelayo futhi ngeke ukwazi ukukhula ama cherry amnandi.
Ukukhetha ukuthungatha unake hhayi kuphela ezihlukahlukene zayo, kodwa futhi ukuthi ihlanganisiwe noma ikhule kusuka kuthethini. Kudingekile ukuthatha i-graft, ngoba ivela kuleso sihlahla ukuthi ezihlukahlukene ozidingayo ziyokhula. Imbewu enjalo esihlahleni izobonisa indawo yokugoma.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lomuthi lunzulu kakhulu futhi alumisiwe. Kulokhu, umuthi uyoba nzima ukuhlala nokuqinisa.
Izinyathelo zokutshala isitsha se-Cherry Regina
- Okokuqala, qhubeka nokulungiselela umgodi. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe emavikini amabili ngaphambi kokutshala kwekwindla, kanti entwasahlobo - ngisho nasekwindla. Uma ubeka isithelo sensimu yezithelo cherry - ibanga phakathi komugqa owodwa wezihlahla kufanele okungenani ube ngamamitha amathathu, phakathi kwemigqa emibili - 4-5 amamitha. Ukujula komgodi - kusuka kumamentimitha angu-60, ngakho-ke kwakuyizimpande ezimbili ze-cherries.
- Uma ugoba umgodi, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa umhlaba kuwo ube yizingxenye ezimbili - ungqimba oluvundile olungenhla emgqonyeni owodwa, kanti eliphansi - kwelinye. Isendlalelo esiphezulu ngemuva kokumba imbobo ixutshwe nama-kilogram ayi-10 (ungasebenzisa okuningi, ikakhulukazi uma inhlabathi ingavuthi kakhulu) yomanyolo ophilayo. Siphululela phansi, okwenza isigundane. Ngaphambi kokutshala ngokuqondile kwama cherry, lesi sihlahla sizohlala kahle.
- Ngaphandle kwengxube, isibalo eside futhi esinokwethenjelwa kufanele siguwe phansi kwegodi. Kuye kamuva, sizobopha i-cherry, ukuze kungathinteki ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezimbi.
- Yehlisa umuthi emgodini. Ukujula kokujula kufanele kufane nendawo yekhola yempande, okungcono ukuphakamisa kancane ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, kodwa kungenjalo akukho ukuwa phansi.
- Umngcwaba kufanele ube ngokucophelela kancane kancane, ukuze ungalimazi izimpande kodwa ungashiyi isikhala phakathi kwabo emoyeni. Ngakho-ke, ungangcwaba umgodi isigamu kuphela, uthele kuwo amalitha angu-10 wamanzi bese uwugcoba kuze kube sekupheleni. Inhlabathi ihlanganiswe kahle, futhi senza umgodi ongajulile wezungeze isiqu, siqiniswe eceleni kwegundane. Kulo mgodi okudingayo ukuwazisa ukusikwa kwe-cherries ngemuva kokutshala.
- Umswakama uzohlala isikhathi eside kakhulu enhlabathini futhi uzofaka isandla ekuqiniseni kangcono imbande uma umhlabathi ozungeza isiqu uhambelana. Ukuze uthole i-peat esetshenziswa kaningi, noma i-humus.
Okudingayo ukwazi mayelana nokunakekela i-Cherry sweet cherry
Ukunakekelwa okumele kuhlanganise ukuchelela, ukusika izihlahla kanye nokudla komuthi kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthuthukisa isivuno somuthi. Phela, isihlahla esizalisayo, futhi ngisho nangesikhathi eside esidlulele eRussia, ngeke sikwazi ukugxila kahle kuzo zonke izindawo. Ngakho-ke, qaphela imiyalo elandelayo ekunakekeleni i-Cherry sweet cherry.
Into esemqoka - ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi
Sesivele sikhulume ngenhla ukuthi i-cherry idinga kakhulu ukuchelela okuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukufaka amanzi emhlabathini njalo, cishe njalo ngenyanga. Inani lamanzi asetshenziselwa ukuchelela umuthi owodwa kufanele kube ngamalitha angama-30 ngamapulangwe amaningi futhi amakhulu - amalitha angu-60.
Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, ukuchelela kuxhomeke kakhulu ezimweni zesimo sezulu nomhlabathi umswakama. Ngemvula enzima akufanelekile ama-cherry amaningi, futhi phakathi nezinsuku ezinde zesomiso - kubalulekile ukwandisa ukunisela kuze kube ngu-2 noma ngisho izikhathi ezine. Ukunisela kuqhutshwa embuthana oseduze, ubambe cishe imitha engama-radius kuya esihlahleni. Le mgodi ingasetshenziselwa ukondla izinkuni.
Iziphi umquba ezifanele u-Regina sweet cherry?
Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala ama-cherry ka-Regina, ngeke kudinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe. Phela, ngaphambi kokutshala usuvele ufake isicelo somanyolo emhlabathini. Ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala, ama-cherry amnandi azodinga. nitrogen umqubaokungukuthi, urea. Kuyoba nomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni kwesihlahla. Kodwa-ke, akusekho okusheshayo ukukwenza lapho utshala, ngoba isenzo salo singashisa izimpande zama cherry amnandi. Kodwa futhi akunakwenzeka ukuyiqeda ngonyaka wesibili, akunakwenzeka ukufaka ngaphezulu kuka-120 amagremu we-urea nge-1m2 yomhlabathi oseduze.
Ngonyaka wesithathu, usuvele uqala ukutshala izinkuni. Okokuqala udinga ukwenza cishe amalitha ayi-10. i-pus enenkani. Kodwa ukujwayela okunjalo kokuklama okumele kwenziwe kufanele kwenzeke ngezikhathi zeminyaka engu-2-3. Ukusetshenziswa kwamaminerali amaminerali nakho kunethonya elihle kakhulu ekukhuleni kwesihlahla nasekubunzeni izithelo ezihlwabusayo ezihlukahlukene zikaRina. Ngokuvame ukusetshenziswa ama-superphosphates ne-nitrate. Inani lalezi zifaka umquba, ezisetshenziselwa i-1m2 yenhlabathi, akufanele zidlule 150-200 amagremu.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nezici zezinhlobonhlobo eziphuzi zama cherry amnandi nokuzinakekela.
Ukulungiselela i-cherry sweet cherry ebusika
I-sweet cherry "i-Regina" yanele ukuvinjelwa kwesithwathwa. Kodwa uma sikhuluma ngesithombo esitshalwe entwasahlobo, ubusika bawo obusika abukwazi ukuziqhayisa izinga eliphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala kwebusika, umhlabathi ozungeza umuthi kubalulekile ukumba ngokucophelela kanye namanzi. Ungenza umanyolo omncane (kodwa kungakapheli amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuqala kwamaqhwa aqinile). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uvikele umuthi omncane emakhazeni, kunconywa ukuwubopha nge-sacking, futhi umboze inhlabathi ngobuningi beqhwa.
Ukuze i-cherry ingalimazi ngamagundane ahlukahlukene, isihlahla siboshwe ngesihlahla sokhuni, sibopha amagatsha ngokubambisana kakhulu ngosizo lwe-twine. Ungaphinde ugobe umgqomo nge-ruberoid, futhi usakaze izinhlayiya ezikhethekile zokhula lwamagundane endaweni.
Amathiphu okwehlisa i-cherry ye-cherry enhle
Ngaphandle kokusika ngezikhathi ezithile amahlumela amancane ama-cherry amnandi, esikhathini esingaphezulu komdala, i-cherry enhle idinga ukususwa kwamagatsha abonakalisiwe futhi aphukile. Ngakho-ke, umqhele kufanele uhlolwe njalo futhi ngokucophelela, ungavumeli amagatsha anjalo ahlale e-cherry isikhathi eside. Amagatsha aqunyiwe adinga ngokucophelela futhi ngosizo lwamehlo abukhali. Sika izindawo ngokushesha ngemuva kokugaya kufanele kusetshenzwe. Ngalokhu ungasebenzisa i-sulphate yethusi.
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwensimu kufanele kube nendawo ephezulu ye-seedling. Kufanele ibe namandla futhi iqonde. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo kusuka kumncintiswano avelayo, udinga ukukhetha indawo, ususe bonke abadlali. Uma kunezimboni eziningana ezihamba phambili - umqhele we-sweet cherry ngeke uthuthuke kahle, ungase uhlupheke ngokuvunwa okuningi.
