Sekuyisikhathi eside izihlahla zeConiferous zibhekwa ngabakhi bezemvelo futhi lokhu akumangalisi. Izitshalo ezinama-evergreen ezihle zanoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinaliti zazo ziyakwazi ukuhlanza umoya. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngo-Engelman adle, izici zokukhula kwesihlahla kusayithi lakho.
Incazelo ye-botanical
I-Engelman's spruce isisitshalo se-coniferous esivame ukukhula esingaba ngamamitha angu-50, ububanzi be-trunk ngokukhula okunjalo kufinyelela ku-90 cm. Njalo umuthi ukwandisa ukuphakama kwawo ngamasentimitha angamashumi amabili. Lezi zinhlobo ziyisibindi eside, zihlala ezimweni zemvelo kuze kube yizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amahlanu, noma kunjalo, izinaliti zingapheli iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15.
I-fir-tree inomqhele obuncane obunama-cone, amagatsha ahlambalaza, ngokuvamile avame ukukhula ngokulinganayo. Esikhathini samagxolo e-scaly wombala obomvu obomvu, ne-cracks amancane. Emagatsheni amancane emagqumeni omthunzi ophuzi, onqenqemeni.
I-buds yommeleli wezinhlobo zinezimo ezilinganayo ezifana nomqhele. Izinaliti ezincane ezinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, omdala unamabala aluhlaza, izinaliti ziyi-tetrahedral, zibukhali, kodwa azizinzi. Isilinganiselwa ubude - kufika ku-2 cm. 
Ngo-Agasti, ama-cones, amakhulu, amaqanda, afika ku-7 cm ubude, obunombala obomvu (uvuthwa omncane). Ngaphansi kwezilinganiso ezinemiphetho ebukhali efihla imbewu enamaphiko ombala omnyama omnyama.
Ukusakaza kanye nemvelo
Indawo yokuzalwa yase-Engelman Spruce yihlathi lezintaba zaseRoty of North America, futhi isifundazwe saseCanada British Columbia. Imithi ikhula ngamaqembu eduze nemifula, imithambeka yezintaba, ukukhetha izindawo zethunzi.
Ukukhula, leli qembu "likhuphuka" endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-3 500 ngaphezu kolwandle. Zihlala ngokuhlelekile nezinhlobo ezihlobene: i-fir ne-pine; ngezinye izinhlobo ze-larches, ukwakha amahlathi ahlanganisiwe noma ahlanzekile ama-coniferous.
Uyazi? AmaNdiya aseNyakatho Melika, ekwazi ngezakhiwo zokwelapha zezinaliti, ezakhelwe iziguli ezinezifo ze-pulmary wigwams ezivela emagatsheni e-spruce, i-pin ne-fir. Iziguli zasezibhedlela kanjalo kuze kutholakale ngokugcwele. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinaliti ziqukethe izinto ezinamandla ezikwazi ukubulala amagciwane namagciwane.
Isicelo ku-landscape design
Ngokuvamile, izihlahla zesihlahla sase-spruce zisetshenziselwa ukuvikelwa okuvela emoyeni, ezintabeni zeqhwa nokucindezelwa komsindo. Ukufika okunjalo kungatholakala kokubili ngaphandle kwedolobha nasezigodini zasemadolobheni, ngendlela yezindlela kanye namapaki amancane. Isihlahla sibukeka kahle ku-plantings eyodwa kanye neqembu ngama-coniferous and deciduous plants.
Futhi izitshalo ze-coniferous ezifana ne-thuja, umjunipha, i-crossbi-pair-microbiota, yew, i-cypress, i-fir, i-boxwood, i-pseudo-topsug, i-larch, i-cryptomeria, i-pin, i-cedar, ne-meririum foxtail, izohlobisa ngokuphelele i-cottage yakho ehlobo.
Izinhlobo ezincane ezikhulayo zihlobisa izivande zamadwala, zivikela imibhede yemifino, zisetshenziselwa izingoma ze-bonsai. Umumo omuhle womqhele nokuhambisana nokubunjwa kwezinwele kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise ngempumelelo umuthi wesihlahla sase-spruce u-Engelman njengoMuthi Wonyaka Omusha, abaningi abanikazi bendlu yangasese abawasebenzisa.
Izinhlobo ezihlobisa i-Engelman ngesi-spruce zihlanganisa:
- ama-conifers amancane (microphilla);
- ukukhala okwesibhakabhaka (glauca pendula);
- okwesibhakabhaka (i-glauca);
Uyazi? UCaptain Cook kanye neqembu lakhe basizwa ukuba balwe ne-scurvy ngokwenza iwayini elenziwe ngama-alamu ase-spruce. Izakhi zokwelapha zewayini zibangelwa inani elikhulu likavithamini C ekubunjweni kwezinaliti.
- isiliva (i-argentea).
Ukutshala nokunakekela ekhaya
Lapho kutshalwa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zisabela kabi endaweni engcolile. Azinconywa ukuba zifike ezindaweni ezikhiqizwa embonini enzima, eduze nemigwaqo enezimoto ezinkulu, eduze kweziteshi zegesi.
Ukukhetha indawo
Umbono awwesabi umoya, ubekezelela ukushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi okulinganayo. Futhi nesomiso akuyona into embi, ama-saplings amancane kuphela adinga ukuchelela ngokucophelela. Njengoba, ezimweni zemvelo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Engelman zakha ama-plantings amakhulu, endaweni eyithuthukile izokhula kanye nokukhanya.
Akunconywa ukutshala umbono ezindaweni lapho umswakama uphazamisa khona, endaweni engaphansi komhlaba eduze nendawo. Lokhu kungalimaza ohlelweni lwempande. 
Substrate kanye nomhlabathi
Lesi sitshalo sikhethweni ekukhethweni kwenhlabathi, emvelweni ikhula kahle emlilweni we-limestone. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi isiko sinikeze isisetshenziswa esincane, esincane semvelo ngokusabela okungathathi hlangothi, isibonelo, ihamba.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi, ama-fertilizer systems, kanye nokuthola ukuthi yiziphi izindawo eziyisisekelo zenhlabathi, indlela yokuthuthukisa inhlabathi yokuzala.
Izifo nokuvimbela kwabo
Cabanga ngezifo eziyinhloko zezinhlobo, njengoba zivela:
- Schutte - izinaliti zikhula zibe nsundu entwasahlobo, engxenyeni engezansi yezinaliti ziqoqwa izinhlamvu ze-fungal;
- i-snow shutte - Isikhwama esibomvu ezinalitile sibonakala ekwindla, entwasahlobo itholakala nge-scurf emhlophe;
- i-fusarium - ikakhulukazi izitshalo ezincane zihlupheka, izinaliti ziba nsundu ngombala futhi zijikeleze;
- stem kanye nezimpande zokubola - izingxenyana ezomile zamagatsha, i-trunk ihlanganiswa ukuhlala kwamakhowe;
- i-necrosis ye-cortex - igxolo liba lomsindo, lishintsha umbala, ligcwele ukukhula okukhukhulayo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, lifa;
- umdlavuza wesilonda - izilonda zivela emagqabeni e-trunk, egijima nge-resin, ngokuvamile ngokubunjwa kwefungi;
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Sikululeka ukuthi ufunde mayelana nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani u-spruce endaweni yasendaweni ye-suburban, nokuthi ungavikela kanjani isi-spruce ezifweni.
- izigaxa ukugqwala - ama-pustules angenangqondo, umbala omnyama ubonakala ngaphansi kwezilinganiso ze-cortex, ama-cones awawi ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi imbewu ayinalutho;
- isihlahla sase-spruce swivel - Ifomu elibi lesifo esedlule, siqhutshwe yi-curvature yamagatsha.
Ukulwa nezifo kuhilela ukuphatha izitshalo ngamafungicide, ngokuvamile ukuphuza umuthi empande.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
- Kunconywa ukutshala endaweni enelanga, ukuthungatha isikhathi eside kuveza umswakama, okuyinto amabhaktheriya ayathanda.
- Khetha ngokucophelela izithombo.
- Uma utshala, phatha uhlelo lwempande nge-fungicides.
- Ukufeza izihlahla zangasese ngesikhathi esifanele, inqubo yokusika nge-pitch pitch.
- Entwasahlobo ukuqhuba amalungiselelo okufiphala aqukethe ithusi.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuba ungabandakanyi umakhelwane ne-cherry bird, ngoba lesi sifo sibhekene nezifo ezifanayo futhi singaba yisithwala se-virus namabhaktheriya.Ividiyo: indlela yokuhlunga kahle izitshalo ze-coniferous
Zijwayeze ngokutshalwa kwesihlahla se-spruce "Konica", "i-Nidiformis", kanye ne-Serbian, i-prickly, i-spruce eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nejwayelekile.
Izinambuzane nokuvimbela kwabo
Izinambuzane eziyinhloko ze-Engelman ngesi-spruce yizi:
- i-spruce moth;
- isi-spider mite;
- Aphis spruce sitkhinskaya.
I-spruce worm, ngokusho kwegama layo, ibhubhisa izinaliti zesitshalo. Izindawo ezithintekayo ziphathwa ngamanzi asozini, ngosizo lomuntu oshayisayo abasusa izinaliti ezilimele futhi azishise. Uma isimo sisasebenza sisebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane zesistimu.
I-spider mite ihlala futhi ikhiqize inzalo eningi, ikakhulukazi ezintsheni ezincane, ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo obalulekile, umuthi ulahlekelwa izinaliti zawo. Ukulwa nokubulala inkathazo kuhluma nge-colloidal sulfur, ungasebenzisa izindlela zendabuko: ukudonswa kwe-dandelion, i-garlic. Ngokunqotshwa okunamandla yizinambuzane zisebenzisa i-acaricides.
Kubalulekile! Ungavumeli izindawo ezincane zezintuthwane (zizala ama-aphid). Esikhathini nesomiso esinamandla, fafaza amagatsha ukuze ugweme ukudala indawo enhle yokudla isikhumba sesicabucabu.I-Aphid nenzalo yayo eningi incelisa yonke imfucuza kusuka ezingxenyeni eziluhlaza zesitshalo, okuholela ekufeni kwesihlahla. Egcwele kakhulu ama-aphid, amagatsha angasetshenziswa ngokucubungula ukusika. Izindawo ezisele zizodinga ukwelashwa ngamanzi asozini, ngaphambi kokubeka isitshalo sesitshalo ukuze ungalimazi inhlabathi ye-microflora.
Izenzo zokuvimbela:
- Yenza izihlahla ezihlanzekile ngesikhathi esifanele.
- Ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela izithombo ezincane.
- Ungavumeli ukuqhubekela phambili.
- Ukufeza isilonda sokuzivikela nge-insecticide.
Izici zenqubo yokunakekela nokufika
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, i-spruce ikhetha inhlabathi enomswakama, ene-drained, ngakho-ke lapho uhlwanyela bayilungiselela ingxube efanelekayo:
- umhlaba we-sod - izingxenye ezimbili;
- amaqabunga emhlabeni - izingxenye ezimbili;
- peat - ingxenye eyodwa;
- isihlabathi sinye.
Umgodi wokutshala uguguwe ngobukhulu be-50x70, futhi izingcezu zitini ezinezingqimba ezifinyelela ku-20 cm zibekwa phansi phansi njengamanzi. Uma kwenzeka ukufika kweqembu, ibanga eliphakathi kwemigodi lingenani ngamamitha amathathu.
Lapho utshalwa, i-collar yezimpande ayingcwatshwe, ishiya izinga ngenhlabathi. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, ukuchelela ngamanyolo kuyisibopho - 100 g we-nitroammofoski, 10 g wezimpande zamalitha angu-10 amanzi, kutholakala amalitha angu-40 amanzi.
Ividiyo: indlela yokutshala u-spruce Ukunakekela i-spruce akulula:
- ukuchelela - kabili ngenyanga (ngesomiso kanye ngesonto) amalitha ayishumi nambili wamanzi;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu - kabili ngonyaka (izakhiwo ze-conifers);
- ukudubula - ukungcola kanye nokwenza (entwasahlobo noma ekwindla);
- ukukhulula - ayikho ngaphansi kwamamentimitha amahlanu;
- weeding.
Amanye amaphuzu abalulekile:
- Empeleni, ukusika izihlahla akudingekile esihlahleni, kepha uma utshalwa uthango noma indawo, kuyadingeka;
- ebusika, izihlahla ezincane zigcwele amaqabunga e-spruce;
- izihlahla ezindala kanye nezihlahla ezincane (eduze nhlangothi-mjikelezo) ebusika zihlanganiswe ngendwangu ye-peat, entwasahlobo ixubene nomhlabathi;
- ukuvikela izithombo ngokushisa okujulile nelanga elikhanyayo, zimbozwa ngezinto ezilula;
- ukukhiqizwa kwenziwa yizimbewu kanye nemifino;
- imbewu ka-Engelman idle igcina i-fecundity iminyaka emihlanu.
Izihlahla zeConiferous esiqhingini zihlale zihle futhi zihlelekile, ziveza iphunga elisha futhi zivumela ukuba uzizwe unobunye nemvelo. Imithi eminingi ye-coniferous ne-Engelman's tree tree ikakhulukazi ayithobekile ekutshaleni noma ekunakekeleni, okuyinto ekhangayo ngisho nabalimi abangenalwazi.
