Ekwindla, lapho amaqabunga wokugcina ephuma e-cherries futhi isihlahla silungiselela ukuphumula kwasebusika, umgadi wensimu kufanele akhohlwe ngokuthula. Phela, lokhu yisikhathi lapho umuthi udinga ukondliwa okuningi, ukulima, ukusika izihlahla kanye nokuvikelwa kusuka ebusika frost esondela.
Ngezansi kuneziqondiso eziqondile zokunakekelwa kwama cherry ekwindla, okuqondiswa yiyo ongakwenza kalula futhi ngokushesha ukubeka ingadi yakho ngokuhlelekile.
Amathiphu Okunakekelwa Komhlabathi
Inhlabathi yindawo esemqoka, kuhulumeni kanye nokuzala okuhambisana nokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwesihlahla, ukwakheka kwezithelo. Ngakho-ke, ukumba nokukhulelwa kwenhlabathi ezungeze isiqu se-cherry kufanele kwenzeke ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa njalo. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi kusukela ebusika umuthi awuqhakazi futhi ungatheli izithelo, asikho isidingo sokunakekela inhlabathi.
Empeleni, ngisho ebusika, uhlelo lwempande lomuthi kumele lube nomoya okwanele namanzi. Phela, isihlahla singumzimba ophilayo, okuyinto, nakuba iwela "ebusika obusika" obunemibandela, kodwa namanje ukugcina umsebenzi obalulekile, kufanele ube nemithombo yokudla kanye nezinto ezidingekayo.
Ukufaka umhlabathi okufanelekile ekwindla
Ezimweni eziningi, abalimi bakholelwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukutshala ama cherry entwasahlobo. Phela, entwasahlobo, idinga izakhi eziningi eziyokwenza ithonya elikhulu ekukhuleni kwesihlahla kanye nezinye izinqubo zemifino.
Konke lokhu kulungile, kodwa enye ye-nuance ebaluleke kakhulu ayifakiwe - iziqu ezifakwe entwasahlobo zizobola kuphela enhlabathini futhi kancane kancane zifinyelele ezimpandeni, lapho isihlahla sesivele sesiqhakaze futhi amajikijolo aseqalile ukukhula kuso. Ukuthi umuthi ube nokugqoka okuhle ngesikhathi sezimbali - ucele ekwindla.
Kodwa-ke, lapha kubalulekile ukuthi ungalingani ngesikhathi esifanele lapho udinga ukondla okwengeziwe. Emva kwakho konke, uma umanyolo usetshenziswe kakhulu kakhulu futhi, ngenxa yomswakama omuhle wehlabathi ekwindla, uqala ukubola, ukukhushulwa kokukhula kwamahlumela ama-sweet cherry kungenzeka, okuyinto eyingozi kakhulu emthini (ubusika buhamba phambili ngamaqhwa anamandla). Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwenza umquba ngaphambi nje kweqhwa.
Uma uhlala esifundeni esiyisikhombisa, kungenzeka kube ngo-Okthoba noma ingxenye yesibili. Uma kunengxenye enkulu yezwe - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. ENingizimu, uma insimu yalesi sifunda ingazange ibanda, ungakwazi ukutshala i-sweet cherry ngisho nobusika.
Ukondla ama cherry ekwindla kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa kokubili umquba wamaminerali kanye umquba eziphilayo. Okuhle kunakho konke ukuhlanganiswa kokubili.
Umanyolo we-Organic, ikakhulukazi i-humus ne-compost, kungcono ukuvuza ngaphansi komhlaba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungqimba lomhlabathi okufanele uwamboze kufanele ube ngaphansi kwamamentimitha angama-20. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ngisho nangabe kungabikho iqhwa, umquba awugcotshwa yizilwane noma aphethwe yimimoya.
Futhi, ekujuleni okunjalo, bazoqala ukubola ngokushesha futhi cishe bawela ezimpandeni zomuthi we-cherry omnandi. Uma ungenayo umquba ongenhla, i-peat ingaba yindawo engcono. Phela, futhi kuyinto engokwemvelo, eyakhiwa izinsalela ezitshaliwe zemizuzu, ezihlanganiswe nokungcola kwamaminerali.
Phakathi kwama-fertilizer amaminerali ekwindla kungcono ukwengeza ama-superphosphates kanye ne-urea emhlabathini ozungeze i-cherriesokuyinto othwala we-nitrogen. Ngokuvamile ukusebenzisa umanyolo owomile wamaminerali, abalimi bawafafaza nje emhlabathini. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni ezomile zomswakama wemvelo yemvelo kungenzeka ukuthi akwanele ukuqothula amakristalu omanyolo.
Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthi ungabungozi futhi uchithe umanyolo emanzini, bese uthele i-cherry enhle phezu kwalo. Akunakwenzeka kakhulu ukusebenzisa amaminerali amaminerali amaningi, ngoba njengamakhemikhali angashisa uhlelo lwempande. Inani labo lizoxhomeka ekukhuliseni kwenhlabathi, kodwa akunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-gramu angama-200 omanyolo ngamunye nge-1m2.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kudingeka ukugeleza emjikelezweni we-okolostvolnom, okungukuthi, iphi izimpande ezinamandla kakhulu ezikwazi ukukhipha umanyolo obangelwayo.
Iseluleko esibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi akumele kube khona umanyolo okufanele usebenze ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwesiqu se-cherry tree.
Phela, ngokushesha ngaphansi kwebhodi kukhona izimpande ezinkulu, ezithwala kuphela izakhi emthini, kodwa azikwazi ukuzibamba. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa kokubili umquba eziphilayo kanye nomanyolo wamaminerali ezungeze umjikelezo womjikelezo oseduze, emkhatsini wamamitha angu-0.7-1 ukusuka esihlahleni somuthi.
Ukukhululeka komhlaba - izinzuzo kanye nemihlahlandlela eyisisekelo
Umsebenzi oyinhloko ophishelwa abalimi, ukumba umhlabathi oseduze ne-cherry enhle ekwindla, ukuwugcwalisa ngomoya odingekayo ohlelweni lwempande. Futhi, ngenxa yokumba, inhlabathi ingadlulisa amanzi ngokuphumelelayo ngokwayo, futhi ngeke libekezelele kakhulu isikhathi sebusika ngaphansi kwethonya lokuqhwala kweqhwa.
Ukucubungula umhlabathi kungenziwa kokubili nxazonke zomjikelezo oseduze, futhi uqukethe yonke inhlabathi endaweni engaphansi komoya omnyama. Ngokwehluka kokuqala, ububanzi bendilinga eseduze nonyaka wesibili ngemva kokutshala kufanele kube okungenani imitha eyi-1. Njalo ngonyaka kuindawo ngokukhula kwe-sweet cherry, lo mbuthano kufanele wandaeselulele elinye imitha engama-0.5. Ngasemaphethelweni wevili elincane eliseduze, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukujula cishe okungamamitha ayi-5 ukuze kusetshenziselwe ukuchelela namaminerali omanyolo.
Uma ugoba, udobe inhlavu emhlabathini ngokujula ngamasentimitha angu-6-8. Kodwa lapho kwenzeka ukuthi indawo yakho ilawulwe inhlabathi eyingozi, udinga ukumba umhlabathi ngamasentimitha angu-8-11. Ngemuva kwalokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uxoxise yonke inhlabathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlabathi izohlala i-hydrated isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Inhlabathi esiseduzane-stem ingahlala igcinwe ngaphansi kwe-steam. Noma kunjalo, le ndlela inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo.
Iphuzu lonke lalo yilokho Inhlabathi ehamba ngokuzungezile i-cherries yenziwa phakathi nesikhathi sayo semifino, ngaphandle kokukhululeka, inhlabathi ihlanjululwe ngokuphelele kuwo wonke ukhula. Ngenxa yalokhu, umswakama emhlabathini uzoqhubeka isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, kuyokwazi ukuphuza i-cherry eningi kakhulu kaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi uhlale ugcina inani elidingekayo lomoya emhlabathini kanye nomthelela omuhle emsebenzini wezinyunyana ezincane.
Kodwa namanje, usebenzisa indlela yomnyama omnyama, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela ukungaphumeleli okungabangela. Okuqukethwe njalo kulo mhlaba womhlabathi ozungeze ama cherry kungabangela ukuhlanganiswa kokukhanya okucacile. Ngemva kokususwa kokhula njalo, izinguquko emanzini-izimo zomzimba zingase zenzeke, kanye nokwehla kokuzala kwayo.
Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, kunconywa ukuyibeka ngezikhathi zeminyaka engu-2-3 futhi ukuhlwanyela umhlabathi oseduze nomgodla wezitshalo eziluhlaza futhi uvumele ukhula lukhule kulo. Izitshalo eziqhamukayo zingasetshenziswa njengezitshalo zommbila, ngoba zigcwala inhlabathi nge-nitrojeni enkulu (izofaka indawo engaba yi-4 kilogram yama humus noma umquba). Umphumela omuhle ekutshalweni kwenhlabathi lwesinaphi, ukudlwengulwa kwentwasahlobo, ama-oats.
Imithetho nemigomo yokubilisa ama cherry ekwindla
Uma i-autumn idlula iminyaka eyishumi futhi ingathokozi ngemvula, inhlabathi engadini ingase isomile. Noma kunjalo, sesivele sibonise ngenhla ukuthi lokhu kungathinta kanjani i-cherry enhle.
Ngakho-ke, podzimny ukuchelela kuleso simo kufanele kudingeke. Phela, njengabagadi bezolimo kanye ne-agronomists baveza ukuthi, uma inhlabathi iminyene ngokuphelele kumamitha amahlanu kuya kwangu-2-2, khona-ke ubusika bayo ebusika buzoqedwa, okuzogcina izimpande zomuthi zingaguquki. Ngakho-ke, naphezu kokuchichima kwemvula, ungakwazi ukumane uhlole ukuthi umhlabathi uyanzulu kangakanani futhi ulungise isimo sakho ngokwakho.
Uma ungenalo ithuba noma umhlabathi awudingi ukuchelela njalo ehlobo, khona-ke ekwindla, kuze kufike ku-100 amalitha amanzi kufanele asetshenziswe u-1m2 womjikelezo wama cherry; (isib., kuze kube ngu-10 amabhakede).
Uma emva kwehlobo inhlabathi isomile kuphela ekujuleni kwamamitha angu-0.6-0.7, khona-ke kuzodingeka amanzi angaphansi kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi sebusika, i-sweet cherry ngeke ikwazi ukusebenzisa wonke umswakama owenziwe emhlabathini, ngakho-ke intwasahlobo ngeke isenzeke ukunisela - umuthi uyoba namanzi anele ukuze ufake kahle isikhathi sokudla.
Ukuphuza i-cherry ngaphambi kokuqala kwebusika kungenzeka kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zenhlabathi.. Ukuphuza okunjalo kuyozuzisa isihlahla uma i-cherry ikhula ehlathini, enhlabathini enesihlabathi noma e-podzolic. Uma inhlabathi iqukethe ubumba obuningi, futhi ikhona ngisho nasezindaweni eziphansi - kungcono ukwenqaba le ngxenye yokunakekelwa kwama cherry.
Kubalulekile ukuthi lolu hlobo lokunisela lwenziwe kanye nokudla kwama cherry amnandi. Uma, emva kokufaka umanyolo, uwazisa umhlabathi, izakhi zingathola ngqo ohlelweni lomsuka womuthi ngokushesha. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthungatha umhlabathi. Lokhu akufanele kwenziwe masinyane, kepha emva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-4 ukuphuza.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zama cherry ebhodini eliphakathi
I-autumn cherry tree pruning
Ezingqungqutheleni ezihlukahlukene ze-intanethi zabalimi nasezincwadini ezikhethekile ezinikezwe eziqakathekile zokulima nokunakekelwa kwama cherry, imibono ehlukene kakhulu ichazwa ukuthi kungenzeka noma akunakwenzeka yini ukusika lesi sihlahla ekwindla.
Abaphikisi bathi ukusika okunjalo ngasekupheleni kweqhwa kungabhubhisa kuphela ama cherry amnandi. Phela, lesi sihlahla asikwazi ukuqinisa ngokushesha amanxeba ayo, futhi lapho kungekho khona izimo ezidingekayo kuzolimaza.
Ngokukhethekile izicubu zezinkuni zingafisa, okuzobangela ukuphazamiseka kwamagxolo, futhi kamuva - izithelo zibole. Ngisho noma ama-robot asusa amagatsha futhi agcinwe, izingxenye eziqunyiwe kufanele zihlanjululwe ngommese wensimu, bese ziphathwa nge-pitch pitch.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ncamashi ekwindla, ungakwazi ukususa ngokuphumelelayo wonke amagatsha abonakele nalabo abagulayo, ukunciphisa, ngakho-ke, amathuba okusabalalisa lesi sifo kuwo wonke umuthi. Ngemva kokudubula, kulokhu, wonke amagatsha akude kufanele ashiswe kanye namahlamvu awile.
Ukwenziwa komqhele wesihlahla esincane
Ngedwa ama cherry angakha kabi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kumqhubi oyinhloko. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngamasentimitha angu-20 ngaphambi kwamagatsha onke. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulawula isikhathi eside, futhi ulungise ubude bamagatsha asele. Okude kakhulu kufanele kube ngamagatsha aphansi, futhi okuncane kakhulu - okuphezulu (okuyiwona wonke, ngaphandle komqhubi).
Kuhloswe ngenhloso yokulungisa umqhele ukusika izibusi ebusikalapho umuthi uphumule. Ngakho-ke, lapho uhluma entwasahlobo, uzokwazi ukuqinisa ngokugcwele izindawo ezilimaziwe.
Indlela yokuvikela ama-cherry ezifweni namagundane ekwindla
Ekwindla kubaluleke kakhulu ukulwa nokulwa nezinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene esihlahleni. Ngakho-ke, ngeke umonakalise noma uthinte ukukhula kwezithelo zomuthi, futhi ngeke uphazamise isikhathi semifino yemifino yamnandi cherry.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalesi sikhathi amagundane ahlukahlukene aqala ukusebenza, angakwazi ukulimaza kakhulu ensimini yezithelo. Uma kunezinye izihlahla ensimini ezithintekile izifo, kubalulekile ukwenza izinqubo ezifanayo nazo, njengoba lezi zifo zingasakazeka kuma cherry amnandi.
Sivikela i-cherry ekushiseni kwelanga
Ukuze amagxolo ama-cherries angalimazi ilanga ngesikhathi sasebusika, lapho izinqubo zangaphakathi zomuthi zivame ukuma futhi zenzeke kancane kancane, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezithile. Uma sikhuluma nge-sapling encane ye-sweet cherry-yayo i-trunk ingahlanganiswa ngamabhodi amancane ahlukahlukene. Njengomuthi omkhulu, omncane ohlanjululwe ngosizo lokumhlophe, kuhlanjululwa ngamanzi. Ngalokhu, isihlahla ngeke sivikelwe kuphela elangeni, kodwa futhi sivela ezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene.
I-autumn frosts - indlela yokulondoloza i-cherry elimnandi?
I-autumn frosts iyingozi kakhulu emithini encane eyayitshalwe kuphela entwasahlobo. Ngakho-ke, ekwindla, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga, kunconywa ukubopha a i-burlap wood. I-trunk yomuthi ibaluleke kakhulu emanzini omningi okungeke nje agcine amanzi emhlabathini, kodwa futhi azoyigcina ekhanda.
Uma unesikhathi sokuthulula i-cherry ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuzosiza nesihlahla esingenakuphila ngendlela yaso, ngoba kuyobe imelana nezimo ezinzulu zesimo sezulu.
Izithombo ziyolimaza umuthi ngaphansi uma indawo yokutshala ikhethwe kahle. Ikakhulukazi, uma kungabikho imimoya ebandayo, uma isihlahla sisesimweni esiphuthumayo futhi esingenayo, kungenzeka ukuthi umonakalo we-frost unciphise.
Ukuvikeleka kwe-Cherry kusuka ezinambuzane nezifo
Ukuze uvikele i-cherry enhle kusuka ezinambuzane entwasahlobo, kuqala futhi ebaluleke kakhulu ususe wonke amagatsha namagatsha awonakeleezonakaliswe izifo noma izinambuzane. Uma zishiswa - ukusabalala kwezifo kuzoqhubeka.
Kodwa ingozi enkulu kunawo wonke ama-cherries phakathi nalesi sikhathi kukhona amagundane nezinye izintonga, ezifuna ngokuthokoza ukudla amagxolo alo okumnandi. Ngakho-ke, njengoba nje emva kokuvuna kusuka ensimini yonke, okungukuthi, ekwindla, kunconywa ukuba uhlole yonke indawo yensimu kahle ukuze uthole imink yalezi zinambuzane.
Ukukhipha izinhlayiya ezingabhubhisa. Ngokuyinhloko, iziqhwa ezifana ne-Clean House ne-Storm zisetshenziswa kakhulu emasimini.
Ukupheka cherry sweet ebusika
Eqinisweni, zonke izinyathelo nezinqubo ezingenhla zenziwa hhayi nje ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa ukukhula kwe-cherry elimnandi kanye nomsebenzi wayo obalulekile, kodwa futhi nokulungiselela umuthi ubusika. Phela, izinhlobo eziningi ze-cherry elimnandi zinokumelana okuncane neqhwa, futhi zingahlupheka kakhulu kubo.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala ebusika, umuthi kufanele uphuze kahle, inhlabathi ikhululiwe futhi ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela. Kubalulekile ukubopha isiteji esigxotsheni ngokubanjwe eduze nayo.. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuyokwenzeka ukuba ungakhathazeki ukuthi umuthi uzophuka emoyeni wasebusika obandayo, noma ngaphansi kweqhwa elinzima entwasahlobo.
Ngemuva kweqhwa liwela emhlabathini, kubaluleke kakhulu ukumboza isihlahla somuthi kuso bese usigxilisa ngangokunokwenzeka esihlahleni somuthi. Lokhu kuzovimbela inhlabathi ekuqandeni ngisho nasezingeni eliphansi kakhulu lokushisa.
