Ungayithola kanjani isivuno sesipinashi esinamagatsha? Incazelo yamasiko nezici zokulima

Isipinashi sekuyisikhathi eside sibe yingxenye eyintandokazi yemenyu yethu, kokubili nsuku zonke kanye nemikhosi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo zalesi sitshalo, phakathi kwazo amafutha isipinashi. Kuyinto enempilo enempilo, enhle kakhulu futhi enhle kakhulu.

Lesi sihloko sinikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezakhiwo nobuchwepheshe bokukhulisa lokhu okuhlukahlukene okungafani nakancane okunambitheka-ukunambitha. Sizokutshela konke mayelana nezinzuzo nezindleko zalezi zinhlobonhlobo futhi usize ukukhula imifino enempilo.

Incazelo ye-Botanical nomlando

Isipinashi Amaqabunga amaqabunga ama-herbaceous yemifino emndenini wase-Amaranth.

Ukuphakama kufikela ngamasentimitha angu-40, amaqabunga angase abe nomumo ohlukile - oval, hhayi notched noma peristopal, ubuso bawo bungaba noma bumpy.

Umbala wamaqabunga ubuhlaza obumnyama. Isitoreji esiyinkimbinkimbi - ayikho ngaphezu kwamamentimitha angu-28. Emthini wesilisa, ama-flower stalks akha ngokushesha, phezu kwesimila ukutshala imbewu.

Isitshalo sivuthiwe. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela kwamahlumela kuya ekuvuthweni okugcwele kuphela ukudlula kwenyanga. Ukulwa nesithwathwa. Siyazi le mifino iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili, kodwa isipinashi kusuka ePersia lasendulo. EYurophu, wafika eNkathini Ephakathi.

Owaqala ukuwazisa kwakuyizindela zaseSpain, ezaqala ukuhlakulela isiko emasimini asezindlini. Emakhulwini angama-16 kuya ku-17, lokhu kuhluka kwakungokwenyama.

Izindawo zokwelapha kanye nokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali

Ngokusekelwe kumagremu angu-100 omkhiqizo, isipinashi iqukethe:

• Amavithamini:
  1. i-beta carotene - 4.5 mg;
  2. A - 750 mcg;
  3. B1 - 0.1 mg;
  4. B2 - 0.25 mg;
  5. B5 - 0.3 mg;
  6. B6 - 0.1 mg;
  7. I-B9 - 80 μg;
  8. C - 55 mg;
  9. E - 2.5 mg;
  10. H - 0.1 μg;
  11. K- 482.9 mcg;
  12. I-PP - 1.2 mg;
  13. I-Choline - 18 mg.
• Izakhi ze-Macro ne-trace:
  1. I-Ca - 106 mg;
  2. I-Mg - 82 mg;
  3. I-Na - 24 mg;
  4. I-K - 774 mg;
  5. I-P - 83 mg;
  6. Fe - 13.51 mg;
  7. I-Zn - 0.53 mg;
  8. I-Cu - 13 μg;
  9. I-Mn - 0.897 mg;
  10. Se - 1 mcg.

Ukungafani

• Urolithiasis nesifo samatshe aso.
• Isifo seGallstone.
• Gout
• I-Rheumatism.
• Izifo ze-duodenum.

Uphi lapho kusetshenziswa khona?

Ekuphekeni

• Idayi elihle kakhulu.
• Engeza ekheniwe noma ekheniwe ngokwehlukana.
• Isipinashi sopinashi sisetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa amapayipi.
• Amaqabunga afakwa kwiladidi yemifino, amasoso kanye nokudla okulula.
• Isipinashi inyama ye-patties kulula ukugaya.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo azikwazi ukuphazamisa ukunambitheka kwezitsha, okubandakanya, kodwa nje ukuthunzi kancane.

Kuzokwelapha

• Kusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-gastritis.
• Ukudla amaqabunga esipinashi kuyasebenza ekuphefumuleni kwegazi kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kubaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni kwe-enterocolitis.
• Isipinashi siyasiza ekwenzeni i-thyroid.
• Ikwazi ukukhulula ukukhathala nokuhlupha emehlweni.
• Ukusebenzisa njalo isipinashi kunomphumela omuhle emazinyo nasezinsini.

Ingahle kanjani ukunambitheka?

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo Amafutha e-sipinashi ukunambitheka akungathathi hlangothi, alula kakhuluelimnandi nelithenda.

Ukulima nokukhathalela

Isipinashi sidinga ukuthi sivuthiwe futhi sicebile enhlabathini enomsoco enomhlabathi nge-drainage enhle. Ukufika emanzini angama-sandy noma ama-loams kuhle kakhulu. Isipinashi sisondliwa ngokungajwayelekile: imifino ikhula ngokushesha futhi ikwazi ukuqoqa nitrate. I-Potash ne-phosphate fertilizer ingasetshenziswa kuphela ekwindla, enhlabathini evuliwe.

Ukuze isiko sidinga ukuchelela okunamandla, ukuphumula okujwayelekile futhi kukhululeke, lapho lesi sitshalo sifinyelela kumamitha ayishumi ukuphakama, ukutshala kumele kukhishwe. Ukunisela kuyenzeka ekuseni futhi kusihlwa esimweni esomile, uma sekuna, ngakho-ke hhayi ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezimbili.

Izimo zokushisa zixhomeke esifundeni sokulima, ngakho-ke, ezindaweni eziphethe izinkomba zasehlobo ezingekho ngaphezu kuka -20, isipinashi esishiye amafutha sisitshalwe ngo-Agasti-Septemba ukuze uthole isivuno esigcwele ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Kwezinye izindawo fat isipinashi isiko unenhlonipho futhi uzizwa ukhululekile ngezinkomba zasehlobo zama + 25 + 27 degrees.

Indlela yokutshala engadini emhlabathini ovulekile?

Imbewu

1. Ukulungiswa kwembewu ukuthi bafaka emanzini afudumele izinsuku ezimbili, bese bekhishwa futhi basomile kahle.
2. Hlwanye isipinashi ngezigaba ezimbili - ekwindla, amahlumela okuqala avela ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa licibilika, kanti entwasahlobo.
3. Lapho ukutshala kwentwasahlobo, uma inhlabathi inamathele kakhulu futhi i-oily, sebenzisa indlela engadini, kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zenhlabathi, ukutshala kwenziwa emigqeni.
4. Emhlabathini, kude no-25-30 cm, yenza amagrafu-imigqa, ububanzi obungaphezu kwamamitha amabili noma amathathu.
5. Hlwanyela futhi uvale inhlabathi evulekile.
6. Ngokushesha nje lapho amahlumela okuqala eqaqa, aqaphela ukuthi ukutholakala kwe-oksijeni kuya ezimpandeni kwanele, ngoba le nhlabathi ikhululiwe.

Izithombo

1. Kuhlukahluka kokutshala kokutshala, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ze-peat.
2. Ukufika kuqhutshwa ngo-Ephreli-Meyi.
3. Izithombo zibekwa kude kwamamentimitha amahlanu kuya kweshumi komunye nomunye, zibeke ibhodlela emgodini bese zifafaza umhlaba.

Okubaluleke nakakhulu, kodwa futhi nokuba nelungelo lokuphila lokufakelwa izitshalo - izithombo ezikhulayo emabhokisini noma ezitsheni zepulasitiki. Izinto zokutshala ezinjalo zifakelwa emhlabathini ngendlela yokuguqula.

Izici zokukhula ekhaya

Isipinashi se-bulbroot nayo ifaneleka ukutshala ekhaya. - kuma-balconi aphuziwe, kumafasitela ehlangothini oluseningizimu. Uma amafasitela ebheke enyakatho, udinga ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa emafutheni embali njalo ngenyanga, ngenxa yokuthi isipinashi sisetshenziswa okungaphezu kwamasonto ayisishiyagalombili. Ngakho-ke, ungasungula ukuthola iresidi yemifino. Izimila ezasinda ezincitsheni eziningana futhi zanikeza imicibisholo zisuswa empandeni.

Inqubo yokufika is kanje:

1. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela lamabili-litre kufakwe amanzi.
2. Ingxube yomhlabathi ingathathwa izitshalo zasendlini.
3. Imbewu iyancipha hhayi ngaphezu kwamamentimitha amabili, iphuziswa futhi igcwele ifilimu.
4. Emva kokuvela kwezithombo, cishe isonto, ifilimu isusiwe.
5. Ukushisa okwanele + 15 + 18 degrees.
6. Ukunakekelwa ukuphuza njalo futhi ukufaka umquba njalo emva kwezinsuku eziyishumi (ungasebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo zangaphakathi).

Ngakho-ke isipinashi asilondolozi isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, iqhutshwa njalo noma kabili ngesonto, ihlanjwe ngejethi kusuka eshaweni.

Nini ukuvuna?

Ukuvela esitshalweni samaqabunga ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8, isignali ukuthi isipinashi singakuqoqwa. Isikhathi esiphezulu sokuvuna - ukubonakala kwezimbali zombala. Ungakwazi ukuqoqa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene: ukugoba, ukusika noma ukudonsa phezulu nomsuka.

Kuphi ukuthenga imbewu?

Imbewu nezithombo zingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile. Uma indlela yokutshala imbewu ikhethiwe, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake izinhlamvu zembewu.

Izithombo zizuza esigabeni samahlamvu amabili noma amathathu. Akufanele kube khona izingxenye ezimele futhi eziphuziwe.

Intengo yembewu yaseMoscow naseSt. Petersburg isukela kuma-ruble angu-25 ukuya kwangu-50, kuye ngokuthi umkhiqizi. Izithombo eMoscow zingathengwa ngentengo yama-ruble angu-40 emgodleni, eSt. Petersburg - ama-ruble angu-30-35.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Isipinashi sesipinki sincike kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokubola: impande noma phezulu kwesitshalo:

• I-Fusarium;
• i-perinospora;
• i-anthracnose;
• i-curly, i-mosaic i-cucumber.

Izimpungushe zezindiza zezimayini ziletha ukulimala okukhulu kwezitshalo. Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka, udinga ukutshala isipinashi kude nezinyosi kanye nesikhathi sokususa izitshalo ezithintekile.

Akulona kunzima ukuthola isivuno sesipinashi esineqabunga kokubili endle nasekhaya, kunikezwe ukulungiswa kwezitshalo kanye nokusebenza okulula ukulima. Ngisho nomlimi wesiqalo oqala ekuqaleni angakwazi ukubhekana nalo msebenzi. Noma ubani angakhula isipinashi kuleli klasi..