Izinhlobo ze-Cherry

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Cherry zeqembu eliphakathi

Ukuvulwa kwesithelo sehlobo sasehlobo kuqala nge-sweet cherry enhle.

Kukholelwa ukuthi i-cherry enhle iyitshalo esithisa ukushisa elikhula kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu.

Ukuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi isayensi ayimi.

Ngenxa yomsebenzi ongenalutho wabalimi, lobuhle obuseningizimu buhlale buhlelekile ezindaweni zethu.

Sizokufundisa indlela yokuthola isiko esinjalo esihlonishwayo ensimini yakho ngesikhathi esifushane.

Incazelo emfushane yezinhlobonhlobo zama cherry

Ngomuthi ngamunye, nezithelo futhi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isimo sezulu sokukhula, umbuso wokunisela kanye nenhlabathi edingekayo. Lezi yizimo ezithinta ngokuqondile ukusungulwa kwezihlahla ezincane, ukukhula kwazo, ukuthuthukiswa, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuhluma.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-cherries elimnandi kunezici zayo siqu futhi zihlukaniswa ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo, isikhathi sokuvuthwa nesayizi. Sichaza izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu nezijwayelekile lesi simithi esiyisimangaliso.

I-cherry yasekuqaleni evuthiwe - ukuhlukahluka okuthandwa kakhulu, okuhlwanyela ekuqaleni kwehlobo futhi kuveza ukukhiqiza. Umuthi kulezi zinhlobo uhamba futhi ukhululekile, isici esihlukanisayo esivela khona lapho kukhona khona amahlumela amakhulu. Lezi zinhlobo zibekezelela i-moniliasis nomdlavuza wetshe lembewu. Iqala ukunikeza isivuno kusuka eminyakeni engu-4-5 emva kokuduka.

Izinhlobonhlobo ukuvuthwa kokuqala uValery Chkalov iyinhlobonhlobo ehloniphekile ye-cherry enomnandi, enesihlahla esinamandla-ukukhula nomqhele ngendlela yemipiramidi, eshintsha isimo sayo futhi isakazeka ngokwengeziwe ekugugeni. Lezi zinhlobo zibekezelela kahle izifo, kodwa akuthandi neze ukushisa okuphansi, ngoba ukumelana kwasebusika kwe-flower buds kuphansi kakhulu.

Owesifazane uhlala - uhlobo lokuvuthwa okuphakathi kwe-cherries elimnandi, elisezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zasebusika-eziqinile kanye nesomiso. Izithelo zawo zivuthwe phakathi kukaJuni.

Izithelo ezinkulu - I-cherry yaseLate yamuva, evuthwa ekupheleni kukaJuni futhi ibe nokubekezelelana okuphezulu kwamazinga okushisa aphansi. Kulezi zihlahla zemithi yezithelo ezithwala amajikijolo athengiswa kahle. Isici esihlukile sama cherries amakhulu-fruited yilezi zivuno zonyaka eziphakeme.

Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ze cherry ezivuthwe ekupheleni kwesikhathi.

Izithelo

I-Cherry berry - Lokhu kungenye yezithelo eziwusizo kakhulu izithelo, ezicebile ezihlukahlukene vithamini kanye trace izakhi. Le berry yindawo yokugcina i-carotene, i-nicotinic acid, i-coumarin ne-oxycoumarin, i-vitamin C, i-B1, i-B6, i-K, i-E, i-PP, i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-calcium, i-iron, i-manganese, ithusi, i-phosphorus ne-iodine, kanye nezinye izinto eziningana ezibalulekile. Iqukethe i-salicylic acid, i-fiber kanye ne-substance-amygdalin, esisiza isisu ukuba siphume.

Zonke izinhlobonhlobo ze-cherries elimnandi zihluka phakathi kwabo ngokwesilinganiso sebheki, umbala wayo kanye nokunambitha. Sichaza izithelo zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu.

Izinhlobo zezithelo eziphuzi zasePulazini enye-dimensional, kunkulu, cishe ngo-6-8 g, ihluke ngendlela efomile inhliziyo enomsele ocacile. Ingxenye yesibhamu ihlanganiswe ukugqama okubomvu okukhanyayo. Izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo aziqhekeki sezulu. Zonke amajikijolo anokunambitheka okunambitheka ketshezi futhi abe nomzimba obuthakathaka, obunamanzi, obuthakathaka.

Izithelo ezinemibala ehlukahlukene nxazonke ze-Valery Chkalov zihlukaniswa ngobukhulu obukhulu, obufinyelela ku-7-9 g. Phezulu kwebheyili ngayinye kukhona idayi elimnyama ne-knoll emgodini. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zinobomvu obomvu, cishe umbala omnyama wamajikijolo, ijusi kanye ne-pulp.

Amajikijolo aphuzi, ayingxenye eyodwa zikhulu kakhulu (8-7g), zine ukunambitheka okumnandi futhi zibe nefomu elihle elihlotshiswe enhliziyweni nge-top round izithelo kanye nokucindezeleka ezisekelweni; ibherri nayo ine-fossa encane ebanzi kanye nesigxobo esincane esingavamile esiswini. Amajikijolo anomzimba oncibilikayo, onamafutha, onomusa onombala omuhle ukhilimu. Juice amajikijolo angenambala. Isiqu samajikijolo singaphakathi, esihlukaniswa kalula namajikijolo.

Ikhulu kakhulu, inqwaba, izithelo ezimnyama ezibomvu Izithelo ezinkulu ezinhlobonhlobo ze-sweet cherry. Ubuningi bamajikijolo ufinyelela ku-10 kuya ku-18.2 g wesisindo. Amajikijolo ane-dimple empandeni nasendongeni elungile, elincinci, kanye ne-fossa ejulile nengqubu engavamile emathunjini. Izithelo zinomzimba omuhle futhi omuncu, omuncu, onomuncu, ohlukaniswa kalula ngetshe.

Isici esithakazelisayo kakhulu esichaza isihlahla somuthi cherry sweet yisikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezithile zamajikijolo. Ukuthola ulwazi oluthile lwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry, umuntu angathola ukuvuna okuqhubekayo kwalesi sithelo esihlwabusayo futhi esinempilo, esizoqhubeka siqoqiwe izinyanga ezimbalwa, esihlokweni segadi.

Ukuvusa

I-sweet cherry yanele isidingo somuthi wesitheloIzinhlobo zazo, kuye ngokuthi isikhathi sokuvuthwa, zingahlukaniswa amaqembu amaningana. Eqenjini lokuqala lingabizwa ngokuthi i-cherries yezikhathi zokuvuthwa zakuqala, eqenjini lesibili - ukuvuthwa okuphakathi, futhi eqenjini lesithathu - ukuvuthwa kwekwephuzile.

Kuqala izinhlobo ze-cherry elimnandi faka izinhlobo: Valery Chkalov, Lasunya, Debut, Ruby Early, Vyznannya, Melitopol Ekuqaleni, Homestead, Melitopol Red, Fairy Tale, Era, Chance, Electra. Lezi zinhlobo zivuthwe ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi futhi zivuthwe kuze kufike ngoJuni.

Kuya isikhathi sokuvuthwa esiphakathi Izinhlobonhlobo zama cherry zifaka phakathi: i-Dachnitsa, i-Vinka, i-Dilemma, ngoJuni Ekuqaleni, i-Zabut, i-Dniprovka, i-Izyumnaya, i-Mirage, i-Rival, i-Prostor, iTavrichanka, i-Talisman, i-Totem, i-Epic. Izinkathi eziphakathi nonyaka ze cherry ezivuthiwe zivuthiwe maphakathi noJuni.

Kuya ama-cherry aselephuzile faka: i-Milestone, Ukumemezela, i-Marvelous, i-Anshlag, Ubuhlobo, i-Spark, i-Zodiac, i-Cosmic, i-Favorite Turovtseva, i-Large-fruited, i-Meotida, i-Melitopol emnyama, i-Orion, ihloniphekile, i-Temporion, i-Romance, isimanga. Zonke i-cherry ezithambile zivuthiwe kuze kufike phakathi noma ngisho nasekupheleni kukaJulayi.

Isihlahla

I-Cherry Fruit Tree - lezi zihlahla ezide kakhulu, ezitholakala kuhlobo lwe-cherries elibomvu. Umuthi ngokwawo ukhula ubeke umqhele ophakeme futhi unamagxolo anemibala enemibala ekhanyayo, enamaqabunga ama-oval ahlaza okwedlulele. I-Cherry ihluma umbala omhlophe kusukela emakethe. I-cherries ngokuvamile imithi ephila isikhathi eside okuphila kwayo kuze kube ngu-100 noma ngisho neminyaka engu-300.

I-Cherry isitshalo ivame ukuthinteka yizo zonke izinhlobo zezilokazane, njenge-gland yegciwane, uphawu, i-weevil nezifo ezifana ne-cocomicosis, i-cholerosis, i-moniliosis.

Ama-Cherries athiwa yizihlahla ezibekezelela ukoma kahle, futhi ukunyuka ngokweqile ehlobo kuholela ekuqandeni kwesitshalo ebusika. I-Cherry tree ine-rhizome ejulile, evame ukuphakama. I-sweet cherry idinga indawo enkulu yokudla. Futhi ayibekezelelani eduze kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, okungabangela izimpande ukubola, futhi ukhetha inhlabathi emiswe okwesikhashana.

Kuyinto umuthi okhanyayo, okuyinto emthunzini unikeza isivuno esibi futhi ashukumise ngamandla. Ngokuvamile, ama-cherry ngokuvamile avumela ukushisa okuphansi okungaqiniseki, futhi umuthi ngokwawo awudingi indawo yokuhlala endaweni evulekile.

Ukuthela

Umuthi we-cherry ungowesihlahla esizimele, esihle kakhulu zithele izithelo ngesikhathi sokuvotela. Kuze kube sekugcineni, engadini zitshalwe izinhlobo eziningana zezimbali zezimbali zama cherry. I-sweet cherry pollinator ivame uketshezi.

Isivuno somuthi siqala eminyakeni engama-4-5 emva kokutshala kwezithombo ezincane. I-fruiting ye-cherries incike kakhulu endleleni yokukhiqizwa kwalesi sihlahla.

I-sweet cherry esakazwa ngokuhlwanyela, kanye namafomu alinywa - ukuxhunyelelwa. Imithi etholakele ngokuphindaphinda imbewu iqala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni eminingana kamuva. Bakha ama-cherries kaningi emakhakheni we-antipka kanye nezithombo ze-cherry zasendle. Izitokisi ze-clone ezisetshenziswa njalo.

Isihlahla esibuthwe kwi-cherries sithatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwesihlahla se-cherry esibuthwe kwizithelo ze-cherry.

Ukuhluka okulula kakhulu kokuhlanganiswa kungenzeka, lapho ama-cherry ahlukahlukene, izinkathi zokuvuthwa ezihlukene, ezongezwa emthini owodwa wesithelo.

Izintandokazi

Kuya ukufaneleka kwesihlahla I-cherries enhle ingabonakala ekunambithekeni okuhle kwamajikijolo, imigomo elula yokuvuthwa kwezithelo, okuyinto, uma ikhethiwe kahle, izonikeza izithelo ezintsha izinyanga ezimbalwa. Amajikijolo amnandi ama-sweet cherry nawo athuthwa kakhulu, futhi agcinwa kahle.

I-Cherry ngumuthi okhula ngokushesha, onomkhiqizo omuhle wonyaka we-fruiting futhi omuhle kakhulu, okuzokwenza ngokushesha ukubuyisela izindleko zokutshala insimu futhi uzoba ngumthombo wemali engenayo.

Ukungalungi

Njengazo zonke izihlahla zezithelo, i-sweet cherry inezinkinga zayo, ukwazi ukuthi ungakugwema izinkinga eziningi ezihambisana nokunakekela nokulima kwalesi sihlahla sesithelo.

Kuya ukungapheleli kwesihlahla Amandla ayo angafakwa - umuthi ukhula kakhulu, futhi lokhu kuvame ukuhida ukuvuna, ngakho kufanele ucabangele lapho ukhetha isithombo somuthi wesitoko futhi usika izihlahla njalo.

Umuthi we-cherry nawo awuthandi isimo sezulu semvula nokuswakama okweqile - lokhu kuholela ekumpandeni izimpande, ukukhwabanisa amajikijolo nokuqhwaza kwesitshalo ebusika. I-sweet cherry iyisitshalo esincane kakhulu, esithandwa kakhulu yizo zonke izinambuzane nezifo.

Izici ukunakekela ezihlukahlukene

Ukwazi izici ze-cherry elimnandi nokuzinakekela kahle, umuntu angase akhule kamuva umuthi omuhle futhi ovundile. Lesi siko esihle kakhulu kudinga isimo sengqondo sokucophelela nokukhathalelayoKule ndlela kuphela ozoyivuza umlimi wase-gardens ngokuvunwa okuhle minyaka yonke.

Ukudubula

Isihlahla se-cherry ehlukaniswa ukukhula kwayo okusheshayo, ukuphakama kwayo kungafinyelela kumamitha angu-15. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umuthi ngokwawo amagatsha obuthakathaka futhi ngaphandle kokusika izihlahla amahlumela ashintshiwe kuya komunye umqhele. Futhi kulokhu kuphakama, izithelo azivikelekile kakhulu ezinyoni nasezikhungwini ze-cherry.

Ngakho, ukwakha umqhele, umuthi waminyaka yonke izikhwebu entwasahlobo 40 cm ngaphezu kwendawo ehlanganisiwe ku-triple noma i-germ izinso. Futhi ususe wonke amahlumela abasafufusa, eshiya kuphela i-apical eyodwa neyodwa - ezingeni elifanayo ezinhlangothini zombili zesiqu.

Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, amahlumela ahlanganiswe ku-degrees angu-45 kuya kwesitimela, futhi ngemva kwenyanga, lapho amahlumela amancane ekhula futhi ekhula ngamasentimitha angu-45, umqhubi oyinhloko uthathe indandatho, futhi uthathe amafutha we-grease engadini.

Ngaphakathi eminyakeni emithathu elandelayo Ukwakha umumo olinganiselwe, izihlahla zithengwa kakhulu. Ehlobo, ama-cherry anekhanda lomuthi esihlahleni asuse phansi wonke amahlumela akhula ohlangothini. Ngokushesha nje lapho kunezinhlamvu ezingu-4-6 emagatsheni amancane, angahlanganyeli ekubunjweni komqhele, ahloswe ukuyeka ukukhula.

Ngaphakathi isivuno esibi ama-cherries, ama-fan-shaped, anqume izimpande zawo. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhula kwesiko futhi kushukumise ukwakhiwa kwamahlumela amasha. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi izihlahla ezindala zidinga ukushintshwa kwelinye lamagatsha ezinhlanzi.

Ukushintshwa okunjalo kwenziwa ngokuhlanganisa ibanga elikhulayo kusukela ohlangothini kuya endaweni yegatsha elidala; igatsha elidala liyakunqunywa ekupheleni kwehlobo ngendandatho, ngemuva kokusika ukusika nge-bale baledi.

Kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusika izihlahla kungenza umonakalo omkhulu esihlahlenifuthi ngisho nokulichitha. Ngakho-ke, kubaqalayo, abalimi bayanconywa kakhulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga avule, ukukhiqiza kuphela izihlahla eziphukile nezomile, kanye nokunciphisa umqhele.

Umquba

Ngaphandle kokugqoka okuphezulu ukukhiqizwa kwanoma imuphi umuthi wezithelo nomuthi we-cherry nawo wehla. Ukunikezwa kwezakhi zomhlabathi kufanele kuhlale kugcwaliswa. Ukwesekwa kozalo, okwenza umquba ohlukahlukene.

Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuba benze i-cherry umanyolo ophilayo, kungaba umquba, superphosphate ne-potassium sulphate. Lokhu kugqoka kwenziwa ekwindla, kanye emva kweminyaka emithathu. Entwasahlobo, kunconywa ukuba ukondle izihlahla ze-ammonium nitrate ne-nitrogen, lokhu kunomthelela wokwandisa isivuno somuthi.

Okuningi ukuthuthukisa i-fruiting, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, umuthi uchithelwa ngesisombululo samanzi nobusi ngokulingana - isipuni esingu-1 soju siyengezwa ku-10 amalitha amanzi.

Ukunisela

Akuyona imfihlo kunoma yikuphi ukugqoka okuphezulu kunika umthelela omkhulu ngokuhambisana nokunisela okufanele. Ngokuvamile futhi egcwele, kodwa ngokulinganisela, ukuchelela cherries ukuhlinzeka isivuno esithembekile nokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sitshalo.

Uma inhlabathi isomile ngenkathi yokuvuthwa, ukuchelela kufanele kume, ngoba umswakama obuningi uyosiza ukuchotshozwa kwe-cherry enhle.

Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kokuqala baveza ukuchelela kokuqala kwama cherry, owesibili - emva kokuphela kwezimbali ezinsukwini ezingu-15-20, okwesithathu - ngaphambi kokuvuna izinsuku ezingu-15-20, kodwa hhayi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, okugcina - ekuwa kweqabunga lamahlamvu.

Ebusika

I-sweet cherry isitshalo se-thermophilic kakhuluobalungiselela ubusika kuqala ehlobo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ukukhipha isitshalo, umquba we-nitrogen umiswa kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo, futhi ukwethulwa kwama-fertilizer umanyolo kuphakama.

Umanyolo we-phosphate owasungulwa ngo-Septhemba nawo ulungiselelwe ubusika. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi umuthi uvikeleke ekunciphiseni izinga lokushisa lomoya.

Ngenhloso efanayo, kusukela ehlobo, ukuchelela kwezihlahla zezithelo kuvaliwe. Kufanele futhi ukuvimbela isihlahla ezifweni ezihlukahlukene, njengoba lokhu, kunalokho, kunciphisa kakhulu ukumelana nesithwathwa.

Izifo, izinambuzane

Ama Cherries amane adonsa izinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokunakekelwa.

Umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu cherries womuthi uletha ama-aphid, ebonakala eziqongweni zamahlumela ngoMeyi. Ukuze ugweme ukukhiqizwa kwayo, umuthi uchithelwa nge-Aktofit, isixazululo samanzi asozini kanye nogwayi, kanye namalungiselelo amakhemikhali Konfidor noma Bi-58. Ukucubungula okunjalo kwenziwa ngaphambi kokukhipha amajikijolo ngezinsuku ezingu-20.

Ukuthandwa kwe-cherry okuphakathi nokwephuzile cherry fly. Ukuvikelwa okuthembekile kule nkathazo kungumuthi weKarate, Decis, Confidor noma i-Arrivo. Jays and Starlings bangabathandi bama cherry asekuqaleni. Inetha kuphela elivikelayo elihlala emagatsheni noma emthini wamamithabhili otshalwe eduze angakuvikela izithelo ezihlwabusayo zomuthi emigqumeni yezinyosi.

I-sweet cherry nayo ekwazi ukugula kakhulu. Kuzo, isitshalo sizosindisa ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa I-Topaz, Strobe, Horus noma i-Bordeaux ingxube.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ama-cherry ayakuthanda ukushisa, ngakho akuyona indawo enomoya, evulekile futhi evulekile emthambekeni oseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga onenhlabathi evulekile, enamathele kahle, njengoba lesi siko singathandi umhlaba onesihlabathi.

Izici zokutshala izinhlobo

Isikhathi sokufika

Izihlahla ze-Cherry zitshalwe ngaphambi kokuba ihlumela liqhume kwentwasahlobokanti ukushisa kwe-air akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0 ° C. Ipaki ngaphansi kokufika zisakulungiswa ekwindla ngokufaka umquba ohlanganiswe nenhlabathi kuwo. Umgodi ugoqa ngo-1m ubude no-70 cm ejulile. Ukuqaphela konke ukucabangela kokunakekela ama cherries, ungashesha ukuthola isivuno esihle salesi siko esihle esaseningizimu.