Apple Tree Delight kudonsela abalimi ngencazelo ehlukahlukene. Izithelo zalo ziheha ubukhulu obukhulu, izinhlangothi ezibomvu zokuphuza umlomo neziphunga elimnandi. Ukunambitheka kwabo okumnandi nama-raspberry amanothi nokukhanya komunyu kuyisithakazelo. Ngaphezulu nokuvuthwa kokuqala kwezihlahla ze-apula, ukumelana kwazo nezifo kanye nesithwathwa. Ake sizame ukuqonda izinzuzo nezindleko zalolu hlobo oluhlukahlukene lwe-dessert, kanye nokuhlaziya izici zomuthi ekunakekeleni.
Uyazi? Ekubunjweni kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula Uslada ziyatholakala: ushukela - kufika ku-12.8%; i-acidity - 0.68%; ama-tannins - 70 mg / 100 g; ascorbic acid - 25.1 mg / 100 g; Izinto ezisebenza nge-P - 0.15 mg / 100 g; ama-pectin - 10.3%.
Umlando wokudala izinhlobo ze-apple Delight
Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-50 edlule, umzalisi owaziwayo waseRussia, umlandeli kaMichurin, uS I. Isaev, waqala ukuhlukahluka kwekwindla yokuqala. Umphumela watholakala ensimini yezitshalo zaseMoscow University ebizwa ngokuthi iLomonosov ngokuthi kusetshenziswe izinhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kulesi sifundo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kusetshenzisiwe izinsika zeNarodnoe, Severyanka, neTaiga. Sekuyiminyaka engama-35, okuhlukahlukene kuye kwacutshungulwa, kwahlolwa. Ngokushesha, u-Ulad wakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokukhula kwezinye izifunda zezwe, efakaza ukumelana nesithwathwa nokwanda kwamanzi. Izihlahla ze-apula ezithengisiwe ziye zasakaza ngempumelelo ngisho nasezindaweni ezinamanzi, ezinomdabu zaseRussia nakwezinye izindawo.
Izinhlobo zezinhlamvu ze-Uslada
Isici semithi ye-apula Sijabule - ngokungahloniphi izimo ezikhulayo, ukumelana okubandayo, ukumelana nezifo kanye nokunambitheka okukhulu kwezithelo.
Incazelo yomuthi
I-apple yesihlahla sase-Uslada, ngokwesilinganiso, ayinamaphesenti angaphezu kwamamitha amathathu futhi kubhekwe njengamazinyane. Isihlalo sobukhosi sikhula, sivame ukuqina, okukuvimbela ekuthuthukiseni ngokugcwele. Emthini omncane, uthola isimo esiyindilinga, kanti lapho uvuthiwe ungaguquki. I-sapling ehlanganisiwe iqala ukuthela izithelo kakade ngonyaka we-4-5 futhi uletha isivuno esikhulu njalo ngonyaka - kufika ku-80 kilogram kusuka emthini ngamunye we-apula. I-trunk kanye namagatsha amakhulu abe grey emnyama njengoba zikhula futhi zikhule ngokuqondile nge-slope kancane. Inhlanhla ihlumela inhlanzi ecebile, hhayi eminyene, egcwele kancane. Ama-Buds nawo asemabhishi, amancane, agxilwe ku-germ. Amaqabunga ama-ovate, amakhulu, ane-spike encane ekugcineni, ahamba ngamanzi avela ngezansi.
Kubalulekile! Uma unyaka wonke ungaziqedi amagatsha, i-apula iyodla, izothela isivuno esincane sobukhulu obuhlukene, futhi ngokushesha sizoyeka ukukhiqiza izithelo.
Incazelo yezithelo
Izihlahla ze-Apple ziletha ukuvunwa okuvame njalo. Uma lesi sihlahla sikhula kumhlabathi ocebile, umhlabathi okhululekile, isisindo esiphezulu se-apula esisodwa esiphuthumayo singafinyelela ku-200 g. Enhlabathini empofu, isukela ku-100-140 g.
Izithelo zizungezile noma ziyi-oblong kancane, zingabanjwanga, ziphunga ngokumnandi njenge-raspberries, uma sezivuthiwe zithola umthunzi obomvu noma obomvu, ovame ukufaka izingcezu eziphuzi okwesibhakabhaka. Isikhumba sinwebeka, sincane futhi sichaza amachashazi amaningi amhlophe. Inyama iyamanzi, iyamnandi ukunambitheka, ikakhulu imhlophe, nakuba ingaba pink pink. Ama-apula alezi zinhlobonhlobo ahlanzekile futhi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokulungiselela okuzenzela. Ngisho nasezithelo ezisemathinini, amavithamini enempilo, i-pectin kanye noshukela yemvelo agcinwa. 
Kusukela phakathi kwehlobo kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekwindla, isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo ze-apula Siyajabula. Kunconywa ukuwaqoqa ungasebenzi, ususe ngokucophelela esihlahleni. Esimweni esinjalo, bayohlala ngempumelelo kuze kube nguJanuwari. Ukuze ulondolozwe kangcono, izithelo zifakwa emabhokisini ngokhuni bese zithunyelwa emiphongolweni. Abanye abesimame besifazane basula i-apula ngayinye nge-napkin ehlanganiswe utshwala ukuze kuvimbele ukubola, ikakhulukazi ekuphatheni ngokucophelela indawo eduze komsila.
Ngandlela-thile, izithelo ezithe xaxa azitholakali emagatsheni. Kungcono ukuyibuyisela kabusha noma ukuyidla eluhlaza. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, zilala phansi isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga.
Izinzuzo nezimo ezihlukahlukene ze-apula "Uslada"
Ngemuva kokuhlaziya zonke izici zezinhlobonhlobo, incazelo kanye nokubuyekezwa kwabalimi abanolwazi, singaphetha ngokuthi yiziphi izimfanelo ezinhle zokuzijabulisa.
Izinzuzo zingacatshangelwa:
- ukujwayela ukuhlukahluka kwezimo zethu zokuhlala nezimo zezulu;
- ukukhuthazela emakhazeni asebandayo nasezingeni eliphansi, ngisho nezinhlobo ezincane ze-apula ze-Uslada ngeke zihlupheke ebusika obukhulu;
- ukumelana nezifo nezinye izifo;
- izithelo ukunambitheka;
- ukulimala ekuqaleni;
- izithelo ezivame njalo;
- ukulondolozwa okuhle kwama-apula ebusika;
- kuhle ukulima ngenjongo yokuhweba - ama-apula amakhulu ngobukhulu emakethe, abukeka ekhangayo futhi ehogela okumnandi;
- ukungathobeki kwesihlahla ekutshalweni nasekunakekeleni.
Uyazi? Ama-apula Vitamin C aphindwe kabili kuma-apula kunokuthi, isibonelo, ku-Antonovka.
Phakathi kokushiyeka kwezinhlobonhlobo - isidingo sokusika izihlahla njalo. Akunakwenzeka ukungayinaki le mfuneko, ngaphandle kwalokho amagatsha azokhula ngokuqinile, ekhulula okuthiwa "izintonga", okuzokwenza umonakalo ongenakuqhathaniswa nenqubo yemifino. Umqhele okhuni uzovela maduzane ngobuningi kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo. Kodwa kulula ukulungisa, ikakhulukazi umuthi ophansi. Ngeziqhumane ze-cons zingafakwa, nezinhlobo zokuzinza. Ukuze kutholakale impova, abalimi batusa ukutshala ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula eceleni kwensimu.
Ukuhlanzwa kwezinhlobo ze-apula Uslada
Ukuvota impova, sincoma izindawo ezivelele zomakhelwane kanye nezihlahla ze-apula ezinhlobonhlobo zasebusika, kanye ne-Papy.
Okuhle njengama-pollinators baye bafakazela:
- UMongameli;
- I-Orlik;
- I-Bogatyr;
- I-Pear;
- Welsey;
- Cowberry;
- Bolotovskoe.
Ukuze ukhule ngokugcwele, ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla ensimini kufanele libe ngaphakathi kwamamitha angu-4-5.
Amathiphu okutshala izithombo ze-apula
Uma umuthi unikezwa ngezimo ezinhle zonyaka okhulayo, uzobonga isivuno, okwanele hhayi kuphela emndenini wakho, ungathola imali kuso. Umuthi we-Apple Uslada cishe awunalo okukhethekile ekutshalweni nasekunakekeleni, ngoba akusiko isiko esingenasisekelo.
Izinsuku zokufika nokukhethwa kwendawo
Nomaphi lapho unquma ukutshala okujabulisayo, kuzothatha izimpande kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi. Okunamnandi kakhulu, umuthi uzozizwa uqobo phezu kwe-chernozem enomsoco ojulile futhi ophefumulayo, indawo elele kahle phakathi kwezinye izihlahla ze-apula. Emthunzini, izithelo zizolahlekelwa yi-sugar content, kanti isivuno siyancipha. Futhi, umuthi awuthandi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Qiniseka ukuthi okungenani amamitha angu-2-3 kude. Ezimweni zokukhukhula kwesayithi, kufanele uhambe ujabulele egqumeni futhi ukuze ugweme ukuqhuma kwamanzi, kufanele kusetshenziswe kahle amanzi.
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-apula. U-Uslada ubhekwa njengentwasahlobo, lapho iqhwa licibilika futhi umhlaba ufudumele ngokwanele. Abanye balimi bakhetha isikhathi sokuwa sokutshala eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kaSeptemba nasekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ngokombono wabo, ukutshalwa kwemvelo kwenzeka ngokuphumelelayo kakhulu, ngoba uhlelo lwempande olunamandla lunesikhathi sokwenza ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo. Lokhu kunomthelela ekondeni kwezulu emvula. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zezwe, ukuhanjiswa kwanconywa ukuthi kwenziwe kancane kancane, kugxile ezintweni zezulu.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngaphambi kokufika
Umhlabathi wokutshala intwasahlobo ulungiselelwe ekwindla, nasekwindla - inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo. Okokuqala, ikhululiwe ngokususa ngokucophelela izimpande zokhula okungapheli. Khona-ke umhlaba uhlwanyelwa ngokuxuba u-8 kg womquba, 10 kg we-peat, i-100 g ye-superphosphate no-40 g we-potassium sulfate noma i-potassium usawoti ngamamitha ayi-square engadini.
Uma isayithi lalingaphansi kokuwa, ekutheni kufanele liguzwe ngokucophelela ukuze lingabhubhisi izilimo eziyizigaxa zomhlaba. Ngesikhathi sasebusika i-turf izobola. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, inhlabathi iboshiwe, futhi ngoMeyi bayaphinda baqoke. 
Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ku-acidity yenhlabathi. Isimiso semithi yama-apula kubhekwa njengeph ye-5.5-6.5. Uma kuphakeme, kufanele wenze ukucima uketshezi. Abanye balimi batusa ukusebenzisa ufulawa wama dolomite noma i-meadow marl ukunciphisa ama-asidi.
Kubalulekile! I-lime ayixubanisi nama-phosphate fertilizer, ngoba ayengenasici ekusebenzeni kwamakhemikhali. I-lime ayisetshenzisiwe ngesikhathi esifanayo nomquba ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwe-nitrogen enkulu.
Kufanelekile ukuqhubekela phambili ekuhlaleni isakhiwo esisha eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kokubeka ingadi. Emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zama-apula, u-Uslada uqala ukulungiselela izimbobo. Zibumbwe ngokujula ngo-70-90 cm futhi ububanzi buyi-50-70 cm. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukubeka inhlabathi kusuka ungqimba ophezulu ngakwesinye isiqondisi, futhi kusukela ephansi - encane encane - kwenye.
Lezi zidingo akufanele zinyalwe, ngoba ngesikhathi sokutshala sizofafaza umuthi ngensimu ecebileyo, isb.. Khona-ke phansi komgodi usukhukhule kahle futhi ingxube yokugcwalisa okulungiselelwe ngaphambi kokulungiswa ithululelwa ngendunduma, okunconywa ukuba ingalungiswa emthonjeni, kodwa eduze kwayo, okuzovumela ukuxuba umquba nomhlabathi ovundile ovela phezulu. Emva kwalokho, umgodi uhlanganiswe nefilimu, ugcine emvula. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-14, umhlaba uzokhipha, futhi kuyokwenzeka ukuthi kungcwatshwe isineti. Uma utshala, kubalulekile ukuthi uqondise ngokucophelela izimpande zawo bese uwamanisa kakhulu. Ngaphambi izimpande kufanele baphathwe udaka mash.
Sakwazi ukuqoqa ama-tips abalimi abasebenza kahle ekulungiseleleni izakhi zomsoco zokutshala izihlahla ze-apula:
- engeza ama-10 kg we-humus (angashintshwa yi-compost), 20 g we-superphosphate, 15 g we-fertilizer umquba;
- Ukutshala kahle kudinga amabhakede amabili ama-humus noma umquba, ama-3 amabhakede we-peat crumb, 1 kg we-superphosphate ene-granulated ne-ash ash;
- uma kungekho amanyolo amaminerali, angase athathe indawo yezinto eziphilayo - i-humus ne-compost;
- akukona ukuthi kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe umquba omusha njengomanyolo: ngokukhulula i-ammonia ne-hydrogen sulfide, ithobisa uhlelo lwempande;
- Ama-fertilizer ane-lime kanye ne-nitrojeni akakaze afakwe engxenyeni yokugcwalisa ngoba ayinciphisa ukukhula kwe-plant;
- umlotha okhuni ungasuswa esikhundleni se-potassium sulfate (cishe 150 g iyadingeka kahle), lapho kungekho khona izingxenye ezimbili, ingu-100 g ye-potassium chloride yengezwe engxenyeni;
- emhlabathini onesihlabathi, cishe u-10 cm we-humus ne-loamy inhlabathi yengezwe phansi emthonjeni wokugcina umswakama. Futhi idinga i-potassium magnesia.
Kubalulekile! Uma utshala isithombo, intamo impande kufanele ikhule 5-7 cm ngaphezu komhlaba.
Uhlelo lokutshala izithombo
Naphezu kwemvelo encane ye-apple izihlahla ezihlukahlukene ze-Uslada, zitshalwe kude nezinye izihlahla, ezibanikeza ukukhanya okuhle nokuthuthukiswa okugcwele. Ezimayini ezichazwe ezincwadini zesayensi, ukuhlukaniswa komugqa wamamitha angu-3-5 kubonisiwe, kanti ibanga phakathi kwemithi ye-apula emgqeni ngamamitha ayi-2-3. Ngemva kwesonto emva kokutshala, inhlabathi eduze kwenzalo ihlanganiswa futhi iphindzwa kabusha. Izihlahla ezide zidinga ukuboshwa okokuqala okokuqala.
Amacebiso we-Apple Care
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokugcwele izinhlobo ezichazwe, ukusika ngesikhathi esifanele kwamagatsha nokugqoka, inhlabathi ivusa futhi ukuchelela okuhleliwe kuyadingeka. Okukhathazayo kunazo zonke ukukhipha ipulazi le-apula. Izidingo ezisele, njengezinye izinhlobo ezikhulayo.
Ukunisela, ukukhulula nokukhipha inhlabathi
Izikhathi 4-5 ngenyanga. Ukujabula kudinga ukuchelela. Ngaphansi komuthi owodwa omdala, udinga ukuthulula ibhakede lamanzi kabili ngosuku. Ukunisela kungcono kakhulu ekuseni nakusihlwa. Isikhathi esibucayi sisuka esiphakathi kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, ngesikhathi se-fruiting. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-buds ye-isivuno esizayo iyokwenziwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ungalokothi ulahlekelwe, udinga ukucabangela ngokucophelela izidingo zamanzi zesitshalo. 
Ngo-Agasti, ukuphuza kwesihlahla kume, kungenjalo amahlumela ayofaka ukukhula okude, okungabonakala ebusika emaqabunga amakhulu. Uma ehlobo kushisa, ukuchelela kwaqhubeka kuze kube sezulu esibanda, ukuze umuthi we-apula wande umswakama. Ngezinye izikhathi ungakhohlwa ukukhulula inhlabathi bese ususa ukhula.
Umanyolo
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-apula kuqala entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza okusebenzayo. Abalimi bezitshalo basebenzisa amaminerali kanye neziqu eziphilayo. Ngokuvamile, kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-15 kg we-humus noma i-humus yamahhashi (ingashintshwa yi-bird droppings noma umquba) isetshenziswe ngemitha ngayinye yezihlahla zemithi. Futhi ulungise ingxube ye-500 g we-urea no-40 g we-ammonium nitrate, i-nitroammofoski. I-liquid ithululelwa emigodini elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile emhlabathini, kuze kufike ku-30 cm ejulile, emiswe emva kokunisela.
Njalo ekwindla, lapho izithelo sezivuna kakade, umuthi udliwe ngamanyolo angenayo i-nitrogen. Amazwe ampofu ikakhulukazi amahlwempu adinga le nqubo.
Uyazi? Ukuphila kwe-Apple - kusukela eminyakeni engu-20 kuya kweyama-50.
Ukwelashwa okuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo
Ababelethi baye banakekela ukuzinza kwe-apple Ukujabulela izifo. Kodwa ukuvimbela akulimazi. Kulokhu, njalo ngonyaka ekwindla kususwe ensimini yamaqabunga awile, ukuze amabhaktheriya angazalanga namagundane angafihli. Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuphuza ihlumela, umuthi uphathwa nge-Bordeaux ingxube: 250 g lama-li-unsold ahlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi abandayo, kanti 250 g we-sulfate yethusi uchitheka ngamalitha angu-2.5 amanzi ashisayo. Ukuhlunga isisombululo sokuqala, kuhlanganiswe neyesibili futhi ixutshwe ngokucophelela.
Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, iziqu ze-apula namagatsha, kanye nomhlabathi we-pristolovoe zifakwe ngezinambuzane. Izidakamizwa iVoliam Targo, Insegar, iNurell D zizincomele kahle.
Ukudubula
Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho ukugeleza kokushisa kuqala, amagatsha kumele anqunywe. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokunciphisa okunjalo ukukhipha "phezulu" nokunciphisa umqhele. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amagatsha awafihli. Emithini evuthiwe, ukuhlanza umqhele kunomthelela ekuvuseleleni kwabo. Ngendlela, ukunciphisa amagatsha, ungabuye ulungise umkhiqizo, ukucuketwa ushukela nobukhulu bezithelo, inani lezilokazane esitshalweni.
Kunemithetho ecacile yokusika izihlahla zemapula ngokufanele:
- Sika ngegatsha lesithathu le-sapling lapho utshalwa ukusheshisa ukubeka umqhele.
- Ukusika izimo kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngonyaka ka-Mashi-Ephreli, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqhakaze. Ukwehlisa i-autumn akunconywa.
- Inventory kumele ibukhali.
- Uma kunesidingo sokususa lonke igatsha, ukusika kufanele kudlule phansi, ngaphandle kokugubha.
- Indawo enqunywe ukusika nge-pitch pitch.
- Amagatsha anamandla amakhulu, anesithelo, lapho elele phansi, ahlanzekile.
- Lapho ukhiqiza amahlumela amancane, okuthandwa kunikwe amandla okukhula futhi okukhulayo. Kubalulekile ukungadibanisi ne "phezulu".
- "Izihloko" zisusiwe ngaphandle kokuzisola.
- Sika ngaphezu kwamahlumela angu-¼ ukuze ungalimazi umuthi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze umuthi omncane uhlale phansi, ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala kuze kufike ku-80-100% yezimbali ziyakunqunywa kuwo. Futhi esikhathini esizayo, ususe ingxenye ye "zelenushek".
Ukuvikela i-apula kusuka kumahares
Ukumelene nesihlahla esibusika esibusika asikwazi ukumelana namagundane. Ukuze usize izihlahla ze-apula, iziqu zazo ezansi ziboshwe ngamagatsha e-coniferous, ehlanganiswe ekuthungeni, efilimu noma emanzini, ehlanganiswe nokuxuba izingxube. Ukulungiselela kwabo ngokusebenzisa amafutha wezinhlanzi, i-naphthalene, isinqumelo. Lezi ziqhumane zisho ukwesaba ngisho nezinhlamvu ezilambile kakhulu. Abanye balimi basebenzisa imibuthano yamakhadibhodi amnyama afakwe emagatsheni, enza umsindo emoyeni futhi angavumeli ukubamba ibhakede njengesivikelo.
