Isihlahla saso sonke isikhathi, esakaza isiphunga esiphundu se-coniferous, sakha umoya ofudumele nokutholile endlini. Fir in the ebhodini kufanelana ngokuphelele kunoma yiliphi igumbi. Futhi kubonakala sengathi akufanele kube khona ubunzima ekukhuleni lesi sihlahla ekhaya (ngemuva kwakho konke, baqondiswa kahle emgwaqweni).
Kodwa uma ufuna i-fir yakho ibe yinhle, udinga ukucabangela ezinye ze-nuances bese ulandela imithetho yokunakekelwa.
I-Fir: incazelo yezitshalo ze-coniferous
Izwe lakithi lesi sihlahla esiyisiqhingi yiCaucasus neNyakatho Melika. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezihlahla zenza kube yintandokazi yabalimi abaningi. Uma i-fir ikhula emvelo, ukuphakama kwayo kungafinyelela amamitha ayisishiyagalombili, ukukhula kwezinhlobo zezinto zokuhlobisa ngokuvamile akudlula amamitha amabili. 
I-trunk ye-fir ihlanganiswe ngogxolo olunzima ngezinsalela ezincane noma ngisho ezibushelelezi (kuxhomeke ezihlukahlukene), i-taproot, kodwa enamandla kakhulu, evumela ukuba ifike ekujuleni okwanele. Izinaliti zalesi sihlahla zihlala flat, ezithambile, zomoya ngokuhlelekile ehlathini (ezinye izinhlobo zinezinga).
Ukukhula emiphakathini ye-fir (incazelo yokunakekelwa esikucabangayo okuqhubekayo) ihluke kumbala womgwaqo wezinaliti nokuma komqhele. Ama-Fir akhule kakhulu ekhaya:
- I-Nordman (noma i-Caucasian);
- I-Frazer;
- imisa;
- igolide elimnyama;
- Sizu.
Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-fir zingaphila amakhulu eminyaka, futhi zasendle - cishe eminyakeni engu-800. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlahla esitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile sikhula ngamasentimitha angu-30 ngonyaka, kuyilapho ebhodweni kungakhula kuphela ngo-4-6 cm ngonyaka.Ukuhlwanyela ekutshalweni nokukhathalela okwengeziwe kungenakuzithoba, abalimi abaningi balitshala emagcekeni abo. Ngesikhatsi izimbali zivela ku-fir zivela emadodeni (afana namacici) kanye nesifazane (izikhukhula ezikhulayo) izimbali. Zifakwe impova yomoya futhi zinikeze imbewu evuthiwe ngonyaka ofanayo.
Uyazi? I-Fir yeminyaka embalwa yokuqala ingcono ukukhula ngomthunzi okhethekile. Uma likhula elangeni, ligcwele ukuthambekela kwezifo kanye nobuthakathaka bomuthi esikhathini esizayo.
Kungenzeka yini ukuba ukhule fir ebhodweni
Imikhakha emifushane namuhla etholakalayo kuwo wonke umuntu ilungele ukukhula fir ebhodweni.
Uma uthenga umuthi, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka ukumelana okubandayo.
Uma ibhodlela le-fir lichitha isikhathi esiningi ebhaleni noma engadini, ukuphikiswa kwayo kweqhwa kumele kube ngaphezulu (ngezindawo ezingu-1-2) kunesifunda.
Kubalulekile! Fir in the container igxuma ngokushesha kunomhlabathi ovulekile.
Indlela engcono kakhulu - ukutshala imbewu ye-fir. Ngenxa yalokhu, zivuna ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa kwama-cones. Kutshalwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela avele, ahlezi eziqukathi ezihlukene.
Kungenzeka ukusabalalisa i-fir encane nemifino, ngosizo lwe-cuttings nge-Budget phezulu, imbewu enjalo kuphela iyokhula isikhathi eside futhi ifake izimpande eminyakeni eyi-8-10.
Izici zokutshala i-fir ekamelweni
I-fir in the container ibukeka imangalisa kakhulu, kodwa ukulima kwayo kudinga ukuhambisana nemithetho eminingi.
Ukuze ukwazi ukunakekelwa kwe-fir, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-stand for pots on wheels - ngakho-ke umuthi omdala ungadluliselwa kalula ekamelweni.
Uyazi? I-fir yokuhlobisa ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi ngokunakekelwa kahle ingaphila iminyaka engaphezu kweyikhulu futhi ibe yinto yomndeni.
Ukukhanyisa, umswakama nokushisa
Uma isithombo sithengwa ebusika, ke ngaphambi kokutshala i-fir ebhodweni elihlala njalo, udinga isikhathi sokujwayela izimo ezintsha. Ekuqaleni, izimo akufanele zihluke kulabo ababesesitolo - endaweni yokushisa ephansi kunekamelo.
Ngokushesha nje lapho umuthi uhambelana nemvelo, uyithuthele endaweni ohlela ukuyishiya esikhathini esizayo. I-pallet enhle ne-drainage kufanele inakekelwe ekuqaleni - i-fir ithande inhlabathi enomhlabathi, kodwa ayibekezelelani ukuqhuma komswakama (izimpande zayo zivele zibola).
Umoya ukukhula okujwayelekile kwe-fir kufanelekile noma yikuphi. Asikho isidingo sokuthatha noma yiziphi izinyathelo okuhloswe ngazo ukugcoba indawo ye-fir.
Indlela yokukhetha isitsha sokutshala i-fir
Umuthi othengiwe ungatshala ngokushesha embizeni enkulu (ama-5-10 amalitha) enhlabathini efanelekile, ngaphandle kokubhubhisa i-clod yobumba ezungeze izimpande. Kungcono ukukhula i-fir ebhodweni elikhulu, njengoba lizinzile, liqukethe umhlabathi owengeziwe futhi, ngokunjalo, inhlabathi kuwo ihlala iluhlaza isikhathi eside.
Kodwa kumabhodwe amancane kudingekile ukuba utshale inhlanzi encane yonke iminyaka emibili. Isikhathi esihle sokufakelwa kabusha ngoSepthemba-Okthoba. Ukuze i-fir ithathe izimpande endaweni entsha, akudingekile ukususa umhlabathi kusukela ezimpandeni, kanti inhlabathi ngemuva kokufakelwa kokutshala kufanele ihlanganiswe ngamalungiselelo.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala i-fir
Into eyinhloko okufanele uyinakekele yiyona enhle yokukhetha inhlabathi. Umhlaba kumele ube nesondlo futhi ungathathi hlangothi (ungaba u-alkaline kancane).
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ukuzaliswa kwe-fir kubonakala ngenzalo, ngakho-ke isisekelo singcono ukuthatha inhlabathi elula, i-loam, inhlabathi ekulungele izitshalo ze-coniferous noma ingxube ekhethekile (ubumba, i-peat, isihlabathi, umhlabathi).
Ukugcina ukudla okunomsoco ngesikhathi sokutshala wengeze umquba obunzima. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intamo yezintambo ze-fir isezansi.
Indlela yokutshala i-fir ekhaya
Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge i-fir ekhulayo, isuse ngokucophelela izimpande ebhodweni ukuze uhlole uhlelo lwempande.
Njengomuthi uqobo, kumele ube mnandi nomhlabathi onomanzi. Indlela imithetho yokunakekelwa ngayo esitolo igcinwa ngayo, itholakala ngokuqondile ukuthi ungakwazi kanjani ukukhula kalula ekhaya.
Kubalulekile! Kudingekile ukuthola izihlahla kuphela ezinezimpande ezivulekile - abantu abancane nabasha bayothatha izimpande zibe ngcono. Omdala u-fir, kunzima kakhulu ukusinda ekucindezelekeni kokufakelwa.
Izitolo eziningi zinikeza ukuthenga i-fir etshalwe ku-substrate ekhethekile. Enhlabathini enjalo isihlahla ngeke siphile isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ukuthenga kufanele kugwenywe. Izitshalo zidinga ukuthengwa kuphela nge-clod yebumba - i-fir enjalo ikhulelwa kusuka kumbewu iphinde ikhiphe umenzi ngenhloso yokuthola ukucindezeleka okuncane ngesikhathi sokuhamba okunye.
Ngemuva kokufakelwa isitsha esitsheni, faka umhlabathi ngokugcwele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunconywa ukubeka ibhodlela amahora ambalwa ebhodini, ibhakede noma ibhasi ngamanzi. Ngemuva kwalendlela, udinga ukulahla amanzi amaningi ngokwemigodi yamanzi.
Manje ungabeka ibhodlela le-fir ebhodweni lokuhlobisa (emva kokutshala ngaphezulu kwesihlahla - emibhokisini). Uma ivolumu evumela, ungadlulisa ungqimba lobumba obunwe phansi bese uthele ngamanye amanzi ukuze ukhulise izinga lokumswakama.
Amathiphu aphezulu okunakekela ekhaya we-fir
Ukwazi ukudala izimo zokukhula okugcwele kwe-fir, ungajabulela umuthi omuhle we-coniferous ngesikhathi esifushane.
Ukunisela nokutshala izitshalo
Uma nje umuthi usuhlezi phansi, akunconywa ukuphuza i-fir ebhodweni kaningi - kungcono ukuphambanisa njalo kwezinsuku ezintathu (kushisa kusenzeka kaningi kangako), futhi ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe emmpandeni.
Umuthi udinga ukondla okwanele, kodwa kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-14 emva kokufakelwa kabusha. Izitshalo ezinama-granular zezitshalo ze-coniferous zilungele ukudliwa (okulungile - i-Kemira wagon).
Ngenhloso yokuhlanzeka, ungahlela ngezikhathi ezithile ukugeza okufakiwe.
Uyazi? Benza i-balm yokuphulukisa kusuka e-fir bark, nezinaliti zabo namagatsha - ama-fir. A decoction of izinaliti kanye amagxolo kunganciphisa acidity, ngcono i-immunity futhi kunciphisa amazinyo.
Ukunciphisa i-fir
Isici esihlukanisayo se-fir isakhiwo esizimele somqhele. Kodwa, uma ufuna ukulawula ukuphakama kwesihlahla, kungcono ukuguqula. Njengomthetho, le nqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Ngokuvamile, i-fir ayinakudinga ngokukhethekile ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi, kodwa ikhetha hhayi icebile futhi i-asidi encane. Uma ufuna ukuthi umuthi wakho ube okhanyayo futhi uphefumule, ungangeza i-humus ku-substrate.
Ngaphambi kokuba ukhule i-spruce fir, udinga ukulungiselela inhlabathi efanele. Ingqimba engezansi kufanele ibe nomxube wezakhi: i-peat, isihlabathi, i-humus (iqabunga lomhlabathi) nomhlabathi wobumba (isilinganiso - 1: 1: 3: 2).
I-second layer - sawdust, ufafaze izimpande phezulu emhlabathini ngaphandle komanyolo.
Izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukuzulazula okungajulile kwenhlabathi nokuhlanganiswa komjikelezo wempande nge-sawdust ne-peat.
Izifo nezinambuzane zegumbi eliphansi
Naphezu kokuthi i-fir ekhaya ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, izinhlobo zabo zokuhlobisa zihambisana nezifo ezithile:
Uma usunciphisa inhlabathi, i-fungus ingavela. Isitshalo esinjalo kumele siphathwe ngesisombululo sethusi sulfate (1%) futhi sitshalwe kwenye inhlabathi. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuphuza okuningi kwesihlahla akukhuthazwa.
I-Coniferous leafworms, impande i-aphid futhi ihlumela inundu. Ungawaqeda ngokuphatha lesi sitshalo nge-pesticides. Ukuze uvimbele, ukupomfa kufanele kuphindwe entwasahlobo.
Le miyalo elula yokunakekelwa kwe-fir kuyokuvumela ukuba ujabulele ubuhle nobuhle bayo obuhle obude isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuzikhandla okukhulu.
Ukuze ujabulele umoya wokuphulukisa, akudingeki ukuba ungene ehlathini - ungafaka ibhodlela ngefir ekamelweni ngalinye, okusho ukuthi lizoba yisithunzi esifanelekayo kunoma iyiphi indawo yangaphakathi. I-Coniferous iphunga ekhaya akuyona into emnandi, uma wazi konke mayelana ne-fir.
