Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi iMpumalanga Ekude, uma eyazi ukuthi yiziphi izithelo zomvini, uphoqeleka ukuba akwaneliswe yilokho abakuletha esifundeni seNnyama. Yebo, noma izinhlobo ezingamelana neNyakatho ezingamangazi muntu. Uma ucabanga kanjalo, awukwazi lutho ngamagilebhisi kaTien Shan.
Ezindaweni zamagilebhisi esazijwayele - eCrimea, Moldova, Ukraine - lokhu kuyimangaliso yemvelo lapho uzothola khona ambalwa. Futhi ubani wezinhlobonhlobo, ngitshele, ingabe kukhona amajikijolo enhle kangaka, esilinganisa amagremu angamashumi amahlanu? Yebo, yebo, lokhu akuyona i-typo, okuyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu. AmaJapane akwazi kanjani ukufeza lokhu?
Uhlobo luni?
Leli fomu elimnandi kakhulu lokudla ama-grabred ezimhlophe ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kokuqala. Ukuvunwa sekuvuthwe ekuqaleni kwekwindla - eChina naseJapane, kodwa eningizimu ye-USSR yangaphambili - hhayi ngaphambi kuka-Septemba.
Okwamanje, izivivinyo zokusinda ezimweni zethu ziyaqhubeka, ngakho-ke azikho okuningi okwaziwa ngaye.
Ngokusobala, ulwazi olukhethekile luyadingeka, yilokho ochwepheshe abafuna ukukuqinisekisa - ngaphandle kwazo, indawo yaseRussia yaseTien Shan ayithandi kakhulu ukuthi ayifuni njalo ukuqala, angathandi ukumbona ngesikhathi sokuvuna.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi amajikijolo anokubekezelela ngokulinganisela isitoreji nokuthutha. Lesi sithelo semifino sinomzimba omuhle ikakhulukazi - amajikijolo amakhulu agcwele amnandi angenamnandi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo aqabula okuqukethwe nge-lemon namanothi amanothi.
Phakathi kwama-sushmi asetshalwe ensimini yeRussia omunye kufanele anakekele iKishmish Century, Attica no-Arsenyevsky.
Amagilebhisi eTien Shan: incazelo
Bush ngamandla. Amaqoqo amakhulu kakhulu, ngokwesilinganiso 1.2 - 1.5 kg, angafinyelela ku-2 noma ngisho no-3 kilo ngesisindo. Hhayi i-peas "Ukusabalalisa" okunjalo ngobuningi kuchazwa umane nje: amaJapane asebenzisa inqwaba yokukhushulwa kokukhula, okuphakathi kwayo gibberellin evelela khona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-agronomists asebenzisana nalezi zici: ukunciphisa amajikijolo, "ukukhulula" okuqinile kwezihlahla, kuyilapho ubuchwepheshe bezolimo buhlala khona.
I-Original, Ukuthakazelisa neBahena ingaziqhayisa ngamacembu amakhulu afanayo.
Amajikijolo angama-oval, ama-16-20 g ngokwesilinganiso (eRussia nase-Ukraine; eJapane angakwazi ukufinyelela ku-45), isikhumba sincane, sinamandla, siyadliwa kalula, ngokweqile "siyancibilika" emlonyeni.
Inyama iyamanzi, inyama, inambitheka eqabulayo, ingenambewu. Leli qabunga likhulu, eliluhlaza okomnyama, elihlangene, eliphakathi. Isiqu side, siqinile, siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimbali ze-Hermaphrodite. Ukudubula okuphelile kombala obomvu ogcwele obomvu.
Izimbali ze-Hermaphroditic zihlukile futhi i-Montepulciano, i-Julian ne-Memory of Dzheneev.
Isithombe
Izithelo zomvini uTien Shan:
Umlando wokuzala
Izwe lakuleli giant eMpumalanga Ekude yiChina. "Mama" no "Papa" yizinhlobonhlobo zeBejagan neRosalio Bianco. Indawo yokuhlala ngomqondo wefruiting - eChina, eJapane (isiqhingi saseHonshu), eMpumalanga Ekude. EJapane, yabonakala kuqala ngo-2008.
Eningizimu yeRussia, eCrimea nase-Ukraine - izingxenye ezivuthiwe zemivini - zithatha kahle izimpande, kodwa zikhona izinkinga ezithengwayo kanye nezimpande kanye nempova.
Njengamanje, ezihlukahlukene zihlolwe ukujwayela izimo zaseRashiya nase-Ukraine.
Izici
Isivuno eningizimu ye-CIS asiphezulu, eJapane naseChina - ngaphezu kwesilinganiso. Ukuphikiswa kwe-Frost akukona ukushicilela ngezansi -23. Ukwesaba umswakama obuningi, imvula, isichotho, i-spring frosts, idinga indawo yokuhlala edingekayo ebusika.
Akuphi ukumelana nezifo nama-parasites. Ngokusho kwabakwaJapane nabaseShayina-abalimi, ama-wasps awawathinteki nhlobo, kuphela ama-wasps ethu abonakala engazi ngalokhu - abalimi bathi abakwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kokuvikelwa ngamasaka, bazobe bethi konke. Kuzodingeka sifeze ukuvimbela kanye namagqabhagqabha. Okuqukethwe okushukela kweTien Shan - 19-20% uBrix.
Uma ufuna izinhlobo eziningi ezingenakuzithoba, kufanele unake uGivanni, Aleshenkin Dar noDelight Perfect.
Abalimi bomuzi waseJapan waseNigigata bathi uma bezama iTien Shan, awukwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kwalo. Babulala kahle, hhayi nje kuphela ngabantu. Noma ubani walaba balimi bezithelo abaye banambitha lezi zihlukahlukene ngeke banqabe nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Izinambuzane
- I-Wasps. Ukuze uvikele amagilebhisi kuwo, udinga ukupakisha amaqoqo ngezikhwama ezikhethekile zokugqoka.
Benza indima ye-agent evikelayo: amajikijolo ngeke ahlushwe ukushisa ilanga futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, azothola umoya omusha nemisebe yelanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuhlola isayithi futhi zonke izidleke ezitholakalayo kufanele zibhujiswe.
Kanti futhi izilwane ezinemifino zifuna ukuhlala ezinsika ezingenalutho, ezihlangene nezihlahla - kumele zilungiswe zonke izimbobo. Izingibe ezinamathele nazo ziyasetshenziswa.
- Izinyoni
Isivini sivaliwe ngendwangu eqinile, eqinile engavumeli abahlukumezi bamaphekula ukuba bafinyelele amajikijolo futhi kuvimbele ukuba bangene.
- I-wisp yeshidi ibanjwe, yi-weevil. Ukufafaza kuvame ukuqhutshwa emva kwehlobo lesibili lezimvemvane.
Izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa: UkuTokution, Tsimbush, Ekamet, Tsidial, Sevin, Paration, Fozalon. Izicupho zokukhanya azinikezi umphumela oyifunayo.
- Umbuzo ozwakalayo. Ukuletha kuye kanzima kune-phylloxera.
Ngenhlanhla, uyakwazi ngokufihla ukuthi uzofihla kanjani-amaqanda emagilebhisi bese edla. Ukufafaza nge-insecticide kanye ne-acaricides kusetshenziswe ngokumelene nalesi sitha: Omait, Talstar, Aktellik, Neoron;
- I-Phylloxera. Ngokumelene nalo, akekho enye ikhambi elinomthelela, njenge-carbon disulfide evuthayo.
Inkathazo yukuthi ehlathini ngokwalo kuyingozi, kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho i-parasite ayikwazi ukuhoxiswa futhi kuyobe sekukhona umbuzo mayelana nokuphepha kwesivini sonke. Ngakho-ke uchithelwa nge-carbon disulfide emgodini wezingamamitha angu-300-400 cubic kumitha yesikwele.
Kustu- njengenhlanhla. Kodwa-ke, kuneluleka ukuba usebenzise umthamo wezinhlamvu ezingama-80 "- ama-cubes" - abalimi bathi leli dose linelungelo lokugcina ama-aphid isikhathi eside, kanti isihlahla sinamathuba okuphila.
Izifo
- Idonsa likaMealy.
Nge-mildew ne-oidium, lonke isihlahla sithinteka, amajikijolo anikezwe amandla - angeke asadliwa noma ijusi elicindezelwe kubo. Ukuvimbela okuhle ukubhekana nokuhlupheka kuyinciphisa, kususa izinyathelo, ukuhlanza indawo ezungeze amaqoqo kusuka emaqabunga.
Ungazibandakanya kumanyolo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen. Ukufafaza i-fungicide kuyasetshenziswa futhi. Lawa angamaRomomil, uSandofan, uDitan M-45;
- Grey ukubola.
Ukuphalaza njenge-iodide ye-potassium kuyasebenza ngokumelene nalo - kodwa kuphela ngezilonda ezincane. Uma isihlahla sithintekile kakhulu, sebenzisa amakhemikhali - I-Topaz, Immunocetophyte, Fundazol.
- Umdlavuza wesibindi.
Lapha, indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulwa, njenganoma yimuphi umdlavuza ngokujwayelekile, ukuvimbela. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kudingeka uhlole ngokucophelela ukusika. Izithombo azidingi ukuphazamisa noma ukulimaza, ngoba i-oncology ingathuthuka kusuka kunoma yikuphi ukuqala. Isihlahla esigulayo silinde kuphela u-raskorchevka nokushisa.
Ungakhohlwa ngezifo ezinjalo zomvini ezivamile njenge-anthracnose, i-chlorosis, i-bacteriosis ne-rubella. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuzivikela kuzovikela ukufika kwakho.
U-Tien Shan uyingqayizivele, ngezindlela eziningi zabantu bakithi abakafundile. Ngokusobala, abakwa-winegrowers abanolwazi futhi abanolwazi abangakwazi ukuyikhokhela esiqhingini - iTien-Shan kuyoba inselelo enhle kumakhono abo.
Kodwa umvuzo wazo yonke imizamo uzoba phezulu - yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo ezizothola amajikijolo anjalo amahle nge ukunambitheka kwezithelo lemonade, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ngaphandle kwesibonakaliso kancane imbewu?
Izinhlobo ezifana neRuta, Chocolate neRomeo nazo ziyahlukahluka ekuthandeni kwabo okukhethekile.
Ukuqashelwa komakhelwane kanye namakhasimende kuqinisekisiwe - abakuboni ngalesi sigaba esikhulu, esikhulayo sezithelo ezinkulu ongakwazi ukuzibona ezinhlobonhlobo ezijwayelekile.
