Ama-currant enza uthando ngeze. Lokhu ngempela kuyisitoreji samavithamini, amaminerali kanye nezakhi zomzimba. Amajikijolo akhulisa ukungatheleleki futhi aqinise uhlelo lwenhliziyo. Futhi ekugcineni, lokhu kuyindlela enhle yokwelapha enamakha omuncu nephunga elingachazeki. Ngakho-ke, kubonakala kuwo wonke amasimu engadi. Kepha akubona bonke abantu abangaziqhayisa kakhulu. Ungayitshala kanjani i-blackcurrant ukuze ithele izithelo? Yini okufanele icatshangwe lapho ukhetha indawo nesikhathi sokufika?
Ukutshala i-blackcurrant
Kunombono wokuthi ama-currants ayizitshalo ezingabekezeleleki, athathe izimpande kunoma yiziphi izimo, futhi ungasitshala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Lokhu ngokweqiniso kuyingxenye, kepha ukuthatha izimpande futhi kuthele izithelo kuyizinto ezimbili ezihlukile. Ukuze isitshalo sinikeze isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukugcina izimo ezilula, kodwa eziphoqelelayo.
Owokuqala wabo: kungcono ukutshala isihlahla ekwindla. Izikhathi zokufika ziyahlukahluka ngesifunda. Inketho enhle kakhulu: ukuphela kukaSepthemba - maphakathi no-Okthoba. Kubalulekile ukuthi izithombo ezisesitokisini zibe namaviki ama-3 ukuya kwama-3 ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sizobuyisela uhlelo lwezimpande futhi silungele ubusika. Ngentwasahlobo, inhlabathi ezimpandeni izobe seyakhiwe, okuzobanika ithuba lokuthola umsoco ngokugcwele.
Ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kuzodinga inkathazo eyengeziwe, kanti amajikijolo ngokwawo abekezelelwa kambi. Entwasahlobo, kungakuhle ukutshala ezindaweni lapho isembozo seqhwa singekho ngokujulile, futhi kunengozi yokuqandeka izimpande. Ama-currants atshalwe ngo-Ephreli, lapho nje iqhwa selincibilika. Ungqimba lomhlabathi oshunqiwe kufanele lube cm cm. Umanzimanzi wenhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo, okungcono ukuthi imbewu ikhule. Ama-currants avuka ekuseni, kuyadingeka ukusitshala ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu.
Lapho ungatshala khona isithombo
Lapho ukhetha indawo engapheli, kuthathwa imingcele elandelayo:
- ukwakheka kwenhlabathi
- indawo
- Ukukhanyisa
- ababandulelayo nomakhelwane.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi
I-Currant ithanda i-chernozem evundile, ikhula kahle futhi ithela izithelo enhlabathini enesihlabathi noma esimaphakathi. Inhlabathi ingathuthukiswa ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zesihlahla. I-organic yengezwe kulolwesihlabathi, kumanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali ku-loamy. Umhlabathi we-acid ulimu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekwindla ngesikhathi sokumba, isikhunta esisikiwe sibalwa ngesilinganiso sama-40 kg ngamamitha skwele ayikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-lime eyeqile iyingozi emhlabathini. Uma umhlaba ungabunjiwe, lapho-ke kuyatshalwa khona indawo yendawo: benza imigodi ebanzi yokufika bese beyigcwalisa ngenhlabathi evundile nge-humus bese befaka ama-200 g we-limestone yomhlabathi.
Beka
Okwamajikijolo, kuyakhethwa izindawo ezikhanyayo nezine-windproof. Vikela izindawo lapho amanzi asemhlabathini angaphezulu kwamamitha nengxenye ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Indawo efanelekile noma indawo enomthambeka enomthambeka oya entshonalanga noma enyakatho-ntshonalanga izomlandela. Amathafa aphansi e-blackcurrant awalungile.
Ukukhanyisa
I-Blackcurrant isitshalo esithatha izithombe eziningi. Ingakhula emthunzini oyingxenye olula. Ngasikhathi sinye, amajikijolo ayoba makhulu kunamabhishi akhula ezindaweni ezinelanga, kodwa ngokunambithekayo acwebile kakhudlwana.
Abandulelayo nomakhelwane
Ukugwema ukutheleleka, i-berry ayitshalwa ezindaweni ezake zahlala ama-raspberries, ama-gooseberries noma ama-currants. Ezinye izithelo, amajikijolo, noma izitshalo zemifino zingaba ngabanduleli abahle.
Gwema umakhelwane nge-sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala, ama-raspberries, ama-gooseberry kanye nama-cherries. Izimpande ze-sea buckthorn sprawl amamitha ayi-10 futhi zitholakala zingashonile, ezingeni elifanayo nezimpande, ngakho-ke ama-sea sihlahla sivame ukwenziwa kanye nama-currants azolwela umswakama kanye nokudla okunempilo. Ama-raspberry nama-cherries akhula ngokushesha okukhulu bese aminza isihlahla. Ngama-gooseberry, anesitha esivamile, umlilo we-gooseberry, ngakho-ke ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kungcono ukutshala i-berry kude. Musa ukutshala ama-currants ezindaweni eziseduze nezihlahla, ikakhulukazi uphayini noma i-walnut. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-pine acidives inhlabathi. I-Walnut icindezela zonke izimila eziseduzane.
Kuhle ukutshala izinhlobo eziningana eziseduze: i-inter-impova ikhulisa umkhiqizo. Ngenxa yokuphaza impova, inani lama-ovari landa, futhi amajikijolo aba mkhulu.
Isihlahla esimnyama: ukutshala nokunakekela, uhlelo, ibanga
Umthetho oyinhloko lapho ubeka izihlahla esizeni ulula: kuyadingeka ukutshala ukuze isitshalo sihambe kahle, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ithuba lokukhetha amajikijolo.
Ama-currants adinga igumbi. Khumbula ukuthi kufanele ihlukaniswe ezihlahleni zezithelo okungenani ngamamitha ayi-2,5.Uma utshala imigqa, shiya ulayini ongamamitha ayi-2 kuye kwayi-3, ulayini ushiye okungenani amamitha elilodwa nesigamu phakathi kwezihlahla. Emabangeni amafushane, amabhasi azophazamisana, futhi umkhiqizo uzoncipha ngokubonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi sokuphila sezihlahla siyancishiswa. Uma uhlelele ukutshala ama-currant eceleni kocingo, ungagcini isikhala, buyisela emuva kusisigamu esisodwa nesigamu kuya kumamitha amabili uthango.
Iphethini yokutshala kwe-Blackcurrant ngemigqa
Yini ongayitshala eduze
Imithetho emithathu yomakhelwane isendaweni yonke kubo bonke abasensimini:
- Musa ukutshala izitshalo eziseduze uma kungokwalolo hlobo noma udle izakhamzimba ezifanayo.
- Okokutshala kwamazinga amaningi, cabanga ukuthi ngabe izitshalo ezikhula ngaphansi zinothando lomthunzi yini. Uma isitshalo esimile sinezithombe eziningi, musa ukusitshala ngaphansi kweside.
- Cabanga ukujula kwendawo yezimpande futhi ukhumbule ukuthi izimpande ziyakwazi ukuvikela insimu yazo ngosizo lwama-phytotoxins.
Ngokuqondiswa yile mithetho, sinquma ukuthi iyiphi indawo elusizo futhi engacindezela isitshalo.
Umakhelwane ongavumelekile
Okwe-blackcurrant, ukusondela kwe-sea buckthorn, ama-raspberries, izihlahla zama-apula, kanye nama-cherries akwamukeleki. Ubumakhelwane abubi nge-pearl ne-cherry. Ama-currants abomvu kufanele futhi atshalwe kude nobumnyama.
Ingatshalwa eduzane
Omakhelwane abahle babe honeysuckle kanye hops. Hlangana negalikhi le-berry, i-calendula, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema. Umakhelwane ofanelekile uyisaphetha. Aziphazamisani, futhi u-anyanisi uvikela ama-currants kusuka umkhaza. Udinga ukutshala u-anyanisi ekwindla, lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa amahlumela amasha entwasahlobo.
I-anyanisi ivikela ama-currants amasha ekhokhweni yezinso
Ungatshala kanjani
Umgcini wegadi ngamunye unezimfihlo zakhe zokuphumelela. Kepha wonke umuntu uyavuma ukuthi impumelelo inqunywa yizici ezithile, njengokuthi:
- ikhwalithi yezithombo,
- kokwehla okufanele
- ukunakekelwa okwalandela.
Ungayikhetha kanjani izinto zokutshala?
Okokuqala, khetha izinhlobo ezingcono zonedoned. Zivumelaniswa kangcono nezimo zesifunda sakho futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kuzonikeza isivuno esihle.
Okwesibili, kufanele ukhethe izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokutshala. Kuma-currants, lezi yizithombo zonyaka noma ze-biennial. Izithombo kufanele zingabi namaqabunga, ziqine. Ukunquma lapho ukhetha ukungabikho kwezifo nesimo esihle sezimpande. Isithombo esinempilo sinezimpande ze-fibrous ezikhule kahle nezimpande ezingama-3-4 ezinamahlahla ezinobude obungamasentimitha angama-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Kumuntu onekhwela osezingeni elifanele, amahlumela amabili noma amathathu ubude bungamasentimitha angama-40.
Uma izinso libukeka ligwinyekile, luyindilinga, kungenzeka ukuthi umkhaza wezinso usuhlale lapho.
Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, ungavumeli izimpande ukuba zome. Ukuvikela izimpande, kudingeka kudwetshwe ngendwangu emanzi noma kuhlanganiswe nefilimu.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu okunempilo okwenziwa minyaka yonke kube mnyama
Kufanelekile
Imigodi yokutshala ingambiwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala, kepha kungcono ukuyilungiselela kusengaphambili, amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, ukuze umhlaba ukwazi ukuhlala futhi i-chlorine eyethulwe ngomquba isishonile. Ukulungiselela umgodi:
- Khetha indawo efanelekile ekhanyayo.
- Bumba izimbobo kude ne-2 m ukusuka komunye nomunye. Umgodi wokufika kufanele ube ngu-60 cm ububanzi kanye nohhafu wemitha.
- Phansi komgodi wokufika, uthele i-humus egqumeni, ugcwalise umgodi wokufika ngowesithathu. Faka ingilazi yomlotha wezinkuni, hlanganisa.
Ukutshala izithombo:
- Hlola izimpande. Uma kukhona okonakele, kunqume nge-pruner.
- Uma usebenzisa umanyolo wezimbiwa, zimboze phezulu ngenhlabathi evundile ukuze ungashisi izimpande ngomanyolo.
- Faka isithombo emgodini, usakaze izimpande ngokucophelela. Isithombo asifanele ukuba sitholakale sibheke ngqo emgodini, kepha engela ka-45 ˚.
- Nakisisa iqiniso lokuthi intamo yezimpande kufanele ibekwe ku-6 cm ngaphansi komphetho womgodi. Ukufika ngokujulile okunethambeka kunomthelela ekwakhekeni kwesihlahla esinamandla: Kuzovela izimpande ezintsha futhi isihlahla sikhula ngobubanzi ngenxa yamahlumela amasha.
- Fafaza yisithombo nomhlaba, uzama ukugcwalisa isikhala phakathi kwezimpande. Kulula kakhulu ukutshala ndawonye: omunye uphethe umfuma, owesibili uthulula umhlaba.
- Melana kancane nenhlabathi.
- Amanzi: uhhafu webhakede emgodini ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, umhlaba uhlanganiswa ngezimpande. Kuma-currants, lokhu kubalulekile. Alithandi izikhala ezimpandeni.
- Gcwalisa umgodi ngokuphelele ngomhlaba.
- Yakha umgodi ozungeze isihlahla namanzi kakhulu.
- Thatha isihlahla esitshalwe kabusha. Bazisika kanjena: Izinso ezi-4-5 zibalwa ukusuka emhlabathini, isihlahla sokunquma sinqunywe ngenhla kwesihlanu. Lokhu kuzovumela isithombo ukuthi sikhule izimpande ezintsha futhi sinikeze amahlumela amaningi anempilo entwasahlobo.
Izingcezu ezisikiwe zingagawulwa zibe yizicucu nezimpande. Kuzoba yinto enhle yokutshala.
- Mulch fit ukuze ugweme ukubumbeka.
- Lapho utshala ekwindla ebusika, amahlahla kufanele akhwetshwe aze afike ku-12-15 cm ukuvala izimpande futhi azivikele ekuqandeni. Entwasahlobo ukubamba phezulu.
Isimo esifanele sesithombo lapho sitshala
Ividiyo: Ungayitshala kanjani i-blackcurrant kahle
Shintshela endaweni entsha
Kwesinye isikhathi udinga ukudlulisa izihlahla ze-currant ziye endaweni entsha. Kuvela isidingo esinjalo uma
- uya endaweni entsha
- izihlahla ezinde zahluma endaweni
- umhlaba uphelile
- uhlela ukwakhiwa esizeni.
Ukudlulisa isihlahla kuhlukile kancane ngokutshala isithombo, kepha kunesimiso esisodwa esisodwa: ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwezimpande. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwenza lokhu ekwindla. Futhi khumbula ukuthi izihlahla ezindala ezingaphezulu kweminyaka emi-4 azilungele ukufakelwa. Inqubo
- Thola indawo ekahle: ekhanyayo, ekhoselwe umoya.
- Umhlaba wamahhala ukhula, bambe.
- Pheka umgodi. Ukunikeza ngokushesha umhlaba otholakala ngokuqinile, umgodi kufanele wembiwe, okungenani amasentimitha angama-70 ububanzi nama-bayonets amabili ngokujulile. Umgodi ulungiswa emavikini ama-2 ngaphambi kokufakelwa.
- Lungiselela inhlabathi enempilo: uthele umanyolo, i-humus, umlotha emgodini.
- Lungisa isihlahla ukuze sitshale. Sika amagatsha amadala nama secateurs ngasisekelo. Amahlumela amasha anqunywe phakathi. Ngenxa yokuthena izihlahla, isihlahla esisendaweni entsha sizonikeza amandla okubuyisela nokwakha uhlelo lwezimpande futhi ngeke sikulimaze.
- Bamba isihlahla ama-bayonets amabili ngokujulile bese uwususa ngobumnene emhlabathini, uqaphele ukuthi ungalimazi izimpande.
- Thela amanzi emgodini olungiselelwe. Inhlabathi yezakhi kumele ibe uketshezi ngokungaguquguquki.
- Uma isihlahla sasigula, sihlole ngokucophelela futhi ususe izimpande ezinesifo, izilokazane. Hlambulula izimpande bese ubamba isixazululo esiqinile se-potanganum permanganate.
- Yehlisa isihlahla emgodini ngenhlabathi evundile enamanzi. Qinisekisa ukuthi intambo yomsuka yesihlahla ingama-6-8 cm ngaphansi komphetho womgodi bese uyigcwalisa ngenhlabathi.
- Amanzi kahle kanye mulch. Ukuchelela kuzoncintisana inhlabathi ezimpandeni, futhi i-mulch izovimbela ukomiswa kwenhlabathi kanye nokwakheka kokuqunjelwa ngaphezulu.
Bese zibanakekela njengenjwayelo: zibaphuzisa kakhulu, zibondle futhi bezinqume ngesikhathi.
Ividiyo: Ungazidlulisela kanjani ama-currants endaweni entsha
Ukuze i-blackcurrant ithele izithelo ngempela, udinga ukukhetha kahle isikhathi nendawo yokutshala, khetha izinto zokutshala ezisezingeni eliphakeme futhi ulungiselele inhlabathi. Le mithetho yokutshala elula izokusiza ekutholeni isivuno esikhulu se-blackcurrant ngokuzayo.
