Ukuzala nokugcina izigwaca ekhaya kwenziwa ngezinjongo ezintathu: amaqanda, inyama kanye nezinjongo zokuhlobisa. Kuye ngalezi zidingo, izilwane ezifuywayo ezingaba ngu-40 ezahlukahlukene zadalwa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba uqale lezi zinyoni endlini yakho, udinga ukunquma ukuthi hlobo luni lohlobo olufanele ukufeza imigomo yakho. Kulesi sihloko, sinikeza ukubuka kabanzi kwemikhiqizo engcono kakhulu yezigwaca, izinzuzo nezinkinga zabo.
Iziqu ezivamile (zasendle)
Isiqu esivamile esendle sitholakala eNingizimu naseNyakatho Afrika, e-Eurasia, ihlala eziqhingini zeLwandle iMedithera, iMadagascar, amaComoros, iCanary Islands, iBrithani, njll. Winters eNdiya nase-Afrika. Lihlala ezindaweni ezivulekile, emathafeni nasezintabeni, ezindaweni ezingasebenzi noma ezihlelekile. Esikhathini sokuhlukaniswa kwamazwe ngamazwe kunqunywe ngaphansi kwegama elithi Coturnix coturnix.
Uyazi? Ezinsukwini zakudala, izigwaca ezivamile emazweni ahlukene zasetshenziswa ngumuntu njengomdlalo wokuzingela. Wayethandwa ukuba adle njengesidlo sokudla. ERussia yangaphambi kokuguquguquka, izigwaca zazigcinwa ekuthunjweni njengezingoma zomculo. E-Turkestan bavezwa ngokulwa nezinyoni.Isikhombi singokomndeni wezinhlanzi. Kuyinyoni ebalulekile yokuzingela. Ngokwemvelo, yinto encane enezinyosi enesisindo somzimba esingu-16-18 cm kanye nesisindo sika 110-140 g. Amaphiko ayo anama-32-35 cm.
Unemibala evikelayo - engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba inombala obomvu, enezintambo ezimnyama nezomhlophe, isisu sinombala ophuzi, umlenze nomphimbo ubumnyama, umlomo ungobuhlungu obumnyama. Insikazi ibukeka njengendoda ebonakalayo, kodwa inesisu esicwebezelayo nomphimbo.Lihlala phansi. Idla ukudla kokutshala, izinambuzane ezingavamile. Amantombazane alala amaqanda angu-8-13. Ubude besikhathi sokufakelwa kwesikhashana yisikhathi sezinsuku eziyi-17-20.
Isikhombi esivamile sinama-subspecies ayisishiyagalombili, ahluke kumbala nokusabalalisa.
Inani lezigwaca emvelweni eminyakeni engamashumi eminyaka edlule lilokhu liyehla. Lokhu kungenxa yezizathu eziningana: ushintsho sezulu; ukusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane emasimini lapho izinyoni zidla khona; ukuzingela okusebenzayo kulezi zinyoni; izinkinga ezenzeka ngesikhathi sasebusika e-Afrika.
IsiNgisi esimhlophe
Izigwaca ezimhlophe zesiNgisi zibhekisela ekutheni inyama kanye nezinhlobo zamaqanda. Inemifino emhlophe, ngezinye izikhathi ngezimpaphe ezimnyama ezihlukene, futhi amehlo amnyama. Amantombazane afinyelela ku-140-180 g, abesilisa - kufika ku-160 g. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda wonyaka wama-qua ayizingcezu ezingama-280, iqanda ngalinye linesisindo esingaphezu kuka-15 g.
Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo lwezilwane zingabhalwa ukusebenza okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle, ukulondolozwa kahle kwenzalo (85-90%), ukungathobeki, uhlobo olukhangayo lwesidumbu namaqanda. 
Izinkinga zihlanganisa iqiniso lokuthi abesifazane nabesilisa abanalo ukungezwani kwangaphandle ngaphambi kokufinyelela eminyakeni yobudala bama-7-8, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ubulili babo. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela emva kokufinyelela eminyakeni yobulili ku-cloaca. Futhi, okungekho emkhakheni wezinhlobo kungase kubhekiswe kumanani amancane okudla okudliwe (40-43 g / ngosuku),
Uyazi? I-quail inyama yondla - iyancane ema-calories futhi iphansi e-cholesterol. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo njalo kuholela ekuqiniseni jikelele umzimba womuntu.
Umnyama wesiNgisi
Ngenxa yokuguqulwa kohlobo lwesiJapane eNgilandi, kutholakala izigwaca ezimnyama. Lingaphansi komalusi walo ngonyaka we-egg-laying (ngezigwaca zesiNgisi, amaqanda angu-280), kodwa udlula ngobuningi. Isisindo sezigwaya ezimnyama zesiNgisi singama 180-200 g, owesilisa - 160-170 g. 
Njengoba igama lisho, lezi zinyoni zibopha obomvu, ziphenduke zibe mnyama. Amehlo abo anombala omnyama. Izinzuzo zezigwaca ezimnyama zesiNgisi: ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphakeme kanye nokudla okuphansi kokudla (30-35 g). Ukungalungi: izinyoni zalesi sizwe zibhekwa ngokunciphisa ama-chicks angaphansi (75-85%).
Kubalulekile! Uma izigwaza ngokungazelelwe ziphelile, kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zalokhu: ukukhanya okungalungile, ukushisa okuphazamisayo, ukuguqulwa kwesondlo, ukucindezeleka ngemuva kokuthuthwa kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye, noma ukufakelwa kabusha kusuka kwesinye iseli kuya kwenye.
I-Manchu igolide
Inqwaba yenyoni yalolu hlobo iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iphakathi likhanya - umbala kakolweni, elangeni linikeza lowo muntu i-hue yegolide. Iziqu zifinyelela ubuningi bama-140-160 g, izigwaza - 160-180 g. Ukubeka ama-quails amaqanda amancane - cishe izingcezu ezingu-220 ngonyaka (ngokucophelela, 260 kungafinyelelwa). I-hatchability yezinkukhu iphansi - 75-85%. 
Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo:
- Kungenzeka ukunquma ubulili bezinkukhu esemncane;
- Umuntu oyedwa udla kancane ukudla - 30 g;
- isisindo esikhulu seqanda - 16 g;
- umbono okhangayo kokubili izinyoni eziphilayo kanye nezidumbu;
- ukumelana nezifo.
IMarble
Izikhumba zeMarble ezitholwe ngokuguqulwa kohlobo lwaseJapan. Iyakwazi ukubona i-gray plumage enesihenqo esinezinwele ezimhlophe ngamaphethini. Lezi zigwaya zingokweziqu zamaqanda. Ngokomumo kanye nenani lamaqanda akhululwa ngonyaka, akufani kakhulu nokuzalwa kozalo. Isisindo esibukhoma besifazane sithatha kufika ku-145 g, owesilisa - 120 g. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ngonyaka ngama-260-300. Isisindo seqanda elilodwa liyi-10-11 g. 
Izinzuzo zezigwaca zemabula zihlanganisa ukunikezwa okuhle kwezidumbu kanye nokudla okuphansi kokudla (30 g).
I-Tuxedo
Umphumela wokuwela kwezigwaca ezimhlophe nezimnyama kwakungukuzaliswa kohlobo lwe-tuxedo - izinyoni ezinezimpumputhe ezimnyama ezimhlophe. Iziqu ze-tuxedo ezindala zifinyelela ku-140-160 g, izigwaca - 160-180. Amantombazane abeka amaqanda angu-280 ngonyaka. Isisindo ngasinye ngu-10-11 g. 
UFaro
UFaro uyilwane elidumile kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yesisindo salo - kuhlaba umxhwele phakathi kwabo: izendlalelo - 310 g, amadoda - 265 g. Uhlobo lwakhiwa amaMelika.
Izinzuzo, ngaphezu kwesisindo, kufaka phakathi ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuzimisela kokuqala kobulili bezinkukhu, ukuhlukumeza okuphakeme kwezinkukhu (80-90%) nokukhulelwa kwamaqanda (75-85%). 
Kanye nezinkomba ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, amaFaro afana nokunye okunye ukukhiqizwa kweqanda - izingcezu ezingu 200-220, isisindo seqanda elilodwa liyi-12-16 g.
Phakathi kokungaphumeleli, umuntu angaphinda akhulume umbala we-nondescript we-plumage (ama -harahara afana nezihlobo zasendle) futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukulahlekelwa kwesethulo sezinyoni eziphilayo. Lezi zigwaza nazo zidinga izinyathelo zokulungisa ezikhethekile.
Kubalulekile! Izinhlobo zenyama zidinga ukudla okukhethekile. Ukuze bakwazi ukuthola isisindo kangcono, kunconywa ukuba wengeze amavithamini, amakhambi kanye nezithako ezenziwe ngamaminerali kokuphakelayo.
I-Texas White White
Olunye uhlobo lwama-quails olunezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni ezimangalisayo yi-pharaoh yaseTexas emhlophe. Laba bantu abamhlophe ngokuphelele banesisindo esibukhoma sika 400-480 g abesifazane futhi 300-450 kubesilisa. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zohlobo kungabuye kuqaphele ukukhula okusheshayo kwezinyoni. 
Izici ezimbi zamaPharaohs aseTexas zihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda aphansi. (Amaqanda angu 200-220 / ngonyaka) kanye nokuhlukunyezwa okufanayo kwezinkukhu (60%). Isisindo seqanda elilodwa liyahlukahluka kusuka ku-12 ukuya kwezingu-16 g. Ukunciphisa ukwedlulela kubandakanya nokudla okuphezulu (40-43 g / usuku) nokungakwazi ukwenza ucansi ngaphambi kokubeka amaqanda.
Izigwaca zase-Estonia
Izigwaca ezingcono kakhulu ezidla inyama kanye namaqanda zingase zibizwa ngokuthi izinyoni ezise-Estonia. Zibizwa ngokuthi ukukhiqizwa kweqanda elihle kakhulu - amaqanda ama-300-320 ngonyaka, kanye nesisindo esihle samantombazane - ama-200 g nabesilisa - 170 g. Bayahlukaniswa nokuhlukumeza okuphezulu kwezingane (82-90%) namaqanda anamanzi (90%). Isilinganiso sokudla komuntu oyedwa - 35 g ngosuku, okuyinto eningi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izihlobo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuphazamiseka kuhlanganiswe ngokuphelele yizinzuzo eziyinhloko zohlobo: ukunakekelwa okungazithobeki, izinga eliphezulu lokuphila nokukhiqiza okuhle kakhulu. 
Izigwaca zaseJapane
Izigwaca ethandwa kakhulu amaqanda yiJapane. Lapho kuzaliswa lolu hlobo, kwakungumkhiqizo weqanda owabeka phambili. Kodwa-ke, njengoba sekutholwe isibonakaliso samaqanda angaphezu kuka-300 ngonyaka, ngesikhathi esifanayo, izigwaca zaseJapane zalahlekelwa ukukhanya kwazo kokufakelwa. Ngakho-ke, abalimi kufanele bahlale bethola ama-incubators. 
Ubuningi besifazane ngu-140-145 g, abesilisa - 115-120 g, izidumbu - 80 g, amaqanda - 8-12 g. Uhlobo lubonakala ngokukhulelwa kwamaqanda (80-90%), ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo nokukhula, ukumelana nezifo nokungazitholi ushiye. Ukukhishwa kwezinkukhu kuphansi - 70%.
Ukubukeka kwezigwaca zaseJapane kuyinto ephawulekayo: umzimba wayo uhlukaniswe, umsila ufushane, umbala we-plumage unombala obomvu.
Uhlobo lwaseJapane luyisisekelo sokuzalisa ezinye izinhlobo. Ngakho-ke, uma umgomo wakho ukuthola amaqanda ezikhungweni, khona-ke kudingeka ukhethe ukuzalisa izigwaca ezimhlophe zesiNgisi, igolide leManchu, iJapane. Ukuze uthole amaqanda nenyama, ukhethe izigwaca zase-Estonian noFaro. Uma uhlela ukuvula ibhizinisi lamakholisi wezinyama, kufanele ubheke ngokucophelela izigwaca ezimhlophe zaseTexas futhi uFaro futhi.
