Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu - ikhasi elithi "Muscovite"!

Pear "Muscovite" ngaphandle kokwedlulisa ingabizwa ngokuthi enye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu.

Kwanele unesizotha, unamandla futhi uhlangabezana nazo zonke izimfanelo ezinhle zomuthi wesithelo.

Ukwazi izici zezinhlobonhlobo futhi uhlinzekwe ngazo zonke izimo ezidingekayo, ungathola isivuno esihle semapheya esimnandi okuthiwa "i-Muscovite" njalo ngonyaka.

Uhlobo luni lwamapheya alubhekisela?

Iphakathi kwe "Muscovite" - lokhu dessert ezihlukahlukene nge-autumnal izithelo ukuvuthwa. Siyabonga ubuqili, isethulo esihle, ikhwalithi yokugcina okuhle kanye nezinye izimfanelo, kuthandwa kakhulu ngabalimi.

Inhloso yesithelo "amaMuscovites" jikelele. Bayajabula kakhulu futhi kuhle ekwenzeni ama-compotes, amakhemikhali, ama-jams, ama-marmalade, izithelo ezifakiwe kanye nezithelo zomisiwe.

Ukungafani kahle kuhlukanisa futhi iDessert Rossoshanskaya, Krasulya, Hera, Faithful and Forest Beauty.

Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa

"I-Muscovite" yimbangela yomsebenzi wokukhiqiza we-Moscow Agricultural Timiryazev Academy. Kwakuyimikhakha ephakathi kwezithombo eziphakathi kwezilwane ezitholakala mahhala impova yezinto ezihlukahlukene zaseMelika ezibizwa ngokuthi "kieffer".

Iphakathi kwe "Muscovite": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezithombe

Izinhlobo zezihlahla zamapheya "i-Muscovite" ubukhulu obuphakathi nobunjwa obujwayelekile nomqhele obukhulu kanye namahlamvu aphakathi.

Izihlahla ezincane "amaMuscovites" ube nomqhele ojutshelwe umnsalookuyinto lapho bekhula beba nemicabango.

Isigxobo somuthi obomvu obomvufuthi bark amagatsha omzimba wamagciwane akhula esiqondisweni se-oblique-mpo, grey elula.

Izinhlobonhlobo "i-Muscovite" unamandla okwenza amahlumela. Sinomumo ogobile, ubude obuphakathi nobubanzi.. Ezingxenyeni ezinenani elanele kunezinhlayiya ezincane ze-convex. Ama-internodes emagatsheni anesilinganiso sobude obujwayelekile, amaqabunga afana ne-cone afundane.

Amaqabunga ama-pear amancane anesimo se-oval. nge-notches emaphethelweni. I-platebe ye-leaf yesikhumba, ngaphandle kwe-pubescence futhi igobile kancane phakathi nendawo. Izimbali amapheya alula ziphethwe ngombala omhlophe. Izimbali ezivela ku-5 kuya ku-7 ziqoqwa ngama-racemes. Izithelo zomuthi zakhiwe ngezikhonto, izithelo zezithelo, izindandatho zeminyaka ehlukene kanye namahlumela wonyaka kusuka emahlathini ase-lateral ne-apical buds.

Isisindo sesilinganiso sepeyimu eyodwa "Muscovite" - kusuka ku-120 kuya ku- 130 g. Amanye ama-specimens angafinyelela ku-200 g ngisho nangaphezulu. Ukuma kwesithelo kukhulu.

Ngaphansi kwesikhumba esihlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubonakala amaphuzu angaphansi. Ngokuvamile isikhumba embozwe nge-rustiness efana namabala amakhulu. Ukumboza ukumboza akusekho.

I-white fruit pulp enomzimba onesisindo esinomsoco omanzi kanye ne-granulations nxazonke zenhliziyo. "Muscovite" unomusa omuhle kakhulu-omuncu ngephunga elimnandi elimnandi. Ukunambitha amapheya wokuhlola "i-Muscovite" - 4.3 amaphuzu, okuqukethwe kokushukela izithelo 9,5 %futhi acidity - 0,48 %.

Izinhlobo zezithombe zamapheya "i-Muscovite":

Izici

Ukuhlukahluka kuyamangalisa izitshalo eziqinile futhi eziphakeme ngisho ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi. Isihlahla esisodwa singanikela ku-50 kg enomnandi futhi enomsindo izithelo. Isithelo sePear "Muscovite" iqala ngomhla wesi-4ngezinye izikhathi Unyaka wesi-3 ngemuva kokufika. Ukuvuna kuvuthwa maphakathi no-September noma kancane kancane. Kumele kuthiwa uma sezivuthiwe, izithelo cishe azivumi.

Ukuphumula izithelo kungenziwa kunqume ukubukeka esikhumbeni i-yellowing kancane. Isitoreji eside eside pKunconywa ukudubula izithelo kuze kuvele uphawu lokuvuthwa.lapho isikhumba sisesehlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ekamelweni izithelo zivuthwa phakathi nesonto, ziba nemanzi kakhulu futhi zihlwabusayo, emva kwalokho ingasindiswa cishe izinsuku eziyishumi. Emaphethini angaphansi komhlaba agcinwa ngaphandle kwemonakalo kumfanelo yabathengi kusuka emavikini amathathu kuya kwangu-4, futhi efrijini ekushiseni okungenani-kuze kube yizinyanga ezintathu.

Ukuhlukahluka kunayo kakhulu ukukhuthazela okuhle, ungesabi izinguquko ekushiseni futhi unikeza isivuno esiqinile kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu. Nokho ubusika hardiness "Ama-Muscovites" kancane ngaphezu isilinganisoNgakho-ke, ezindaweni eziphakathi kweRussia, kudinga ukushisa kwebusika.

Ezihlukahlukene ze-self-infertile "i-Muscovite" udinga impova. Izinhlobo ezihamba phambili zokuvuna izilonda kule peyari: Lada, Elegant Efimova, i-Moscow Bergamot, iMarble, i-Yakovlev Intandokazi.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Ikhasi lilandela umhlaba ekuwa kwawo ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba noma entwasahlobo ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli-ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Uma utshala "ama-muscovites" kufanele anakekele ukuthi izinhlobo zokuvuna zakhula.

Iphayari idinga indawo ekhanyisiwe, ephansi futhi eyomile. Ilanga eliningi izithelo zomuthi zithola, i-tastier ne-sweeter ziba.

Izitshalo ayithandi umswakama omile emhlabathini. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba indawo kufanele ibe nokujula hhayi ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-2.5 ukusuka emhlabathiniuma kungenjalo i-pear ayikwazi ukukhula futhi izoshabalala.

Izihlahla zamapheya zikhetha ukukhula amazwe ase-sandy-chernozem noma ama-loamy pH acidity kusuka ku-5.6 kuya ku-6.0. Inhlabathi yesihlabathi nayo inhle.kodwa kulokhu udinga ukunakekelwa okungaphezulu, kanye nokukhulelwa okuvamile nokusebenza njalo. Inhlabathi enobumba engathandeki ngamapheya. Ukutshala kulelo zwe badinga umgodi omkhulu wokufika nge-primer efanelekile.
Umgodi wokufika kufanele ulungiswe kusengaphambili, okungenani amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokufika okuhlosiwe. Ngokuba ukutshala izithombo emgodini wetwasahlobo kulungiswe kakhulu ekwindla. Usayizi walo obukhulu - kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-1.2 m ngokujula nangokuzungezile 80 cm ububanzi.

Lapho ukumba umgodi isendlalelo sod phezulu (cishe 30 cm) phinda kolunye uhlangothifuthi lonke izwe likhona kwenye. Okulandelayo, umgodi ugcwele inhlabathi evundile.

Ukuze ulungiselele, i-turf ekhishwe ngamahhashi kufanele ihlanganiswe 3 amabhakede umquba noma imifino i-humus, amabhakede ambalwa enhlabathi, ingilazi ye-superphosphate, izipuni ezintathu ze-potassium sulfate kanye no-1 kg wezinkinga eziphilayo. Okulandelayo, gcwalisa umgodi ngomhlaba othuthukile bese uthela ngesisombululo sefulawa wama dolomite (400 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi). Ekugcineni wathela amabhakede ambalwa amanzi futhi Izinsuku ezingu-10-14 noma kuze kube entwasahlobo ishiya umgodi kuleli fomu.

Kubalulekile - Ngaphambi kokutshala umsebenzi nge-sapling unqume amaqabunga amaningi, eshiya amaqabunga ambalwa kuphela egatsheni ngalinye. Amahlamvu aphuza umswakama okuningifuthi izimpande emthini omncane umsebenzi usabuthakathaka kakhulu.

Ukutshala izithombo zamapheya zenziwa kanje:

1. Ngokuvame ukutshala amapheya. Lapho uthenga umuthi Kunconywa ngokushesha akhiqize ukusika izihlahla, kodwa akukho nhlobo ayikwazi ukusika izimpande. Ngolunye usuku ngaphambi kokutshala Izimpande zezimila zimanzi emanzini noma isixazululo se-mullein;
2. Okokuqala, isikhonkwane siqhutshelwa endaweni engaphakathi emgodini ukuze iphakame ngaphezu komhlaba 50 cm. Okulandelayo, uthele isigundane somhlaba emgodini bese ubeka isithombo kuso, ukhanyisa izimpande ngokulinganayo. Wonke umsebenzi wenziwa kahle ngomsizi ozosekela umuthi;
3. I-Pit ne-seedling yathululela lonke izwe ngaphandle komanyolo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-pear encane iyazanyazanyiswa ukuze umhlaba ugcwalise i-void phakathi kwezimpande. Lapho ufika intamo yempande kumele itholakale ku-5 noma 7 cm ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlaba;
4. Ukutshala isihlahla, ngokuhle ziphazamise phansi ngezinyawo zazo, zichithe ngamabhakethi amathathu wamanzi, bese ubhaqa umjikelezo we-pristvolny nge-humus eyomile. Umsebenzi wokutshala uqeda ukufaka umquba kwesikhonkwane.

Ukunakekelwa, "i-Muscovite" ayifuni kakhulu. Isimo esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa okufanele ukukhululeka njalo komhlaba emhlabeni womuthi.

Okokuqala ukhulula ngokujulile 15 cm kwenziwa ngokuqondile ngemuva kokufika. Umbuthano we-Pristvolny kufanele ugcinwe njalo uhlanzekile futhi uhlakulele nge-peat, humus noma umquba. Kubalulekile ukususa ukhula kanye nodoti ohlukahlukene ngesikhathi..

Amanzi ikhasi okudingekayo kanye ngesonto ngesilinganiso sama-10 amalitha amanzi esihlahleni esisodwa ekuseni kanye nesamba esifanayo kusihlwa. Ikwanele ngokwanele ukuphuza kubalulekile ngamapheya nge Julayi kuya ku-Agastiuma iveza izithelo futhi lapho amahlumela okuvuna okulandelayo ebeka phezu kwezihlahla. Imodi yokunisela ilungiswa kuye ngezimo zezulu.. Nge Septemba ukuchelela ukuma.

Ukondla amapheya ungaqala ngonyaka olandelayo emva kokutshala. Njalo entwasahlobo umuthi ugcwala i-ammonium nitrate ngesisekelo 20 g ngalinye 1 sq. M isondo sesondo.

Ama-organic fertilizer kufanele asetshenziswe njalo eminyakeni emithathu ekwindla. - ku-1 sq. m nge-50 g superphosphate, isigamu ibhakede lomquba noma i-humus kanye no-20 g we-potassium sulfate.

Kubalulekile - Esikhathini sokuqala ngemuva kokutshala kunconywa ukuthi ususe zonke izintambo ezivela ku-seedling., ukuze umuthi ube ngcono.

Ngesikhathi sokukhula izidingo ze-pear ukusika izihlahla. Kubalulekile ukukwenza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kwekhefu lokuphumula. Uma utshalwa, amagatsha amancane asetshenzisiwe anqunywa ingxenye yesithathu ukuze abeke umqhele ngokushesha.

Amahlumela ahlaselwa njengoba ekhula, ngenkathi egcina indawo ehamba phambili yomqhubi womphakathi. Ihlisiwe amagatsha akhula ngaphakathi, ama-curve namahlumela abuthakathaka, izintambo. Uma umqhele ubhidlizwa yiqhwa, izinsipho eziqinile zishiywe futhi zisetshenziselwa ukufaka amagatsha athela izithelo.

Iphuzu elibalulekile liyi lapho ukusika kukhishwa okungaphezu kwengxenye yesigamu samagatshaUkuze ungabonisi umuthi ukucindezeleka okukhulu.

Uma igatsha lomuthi omdala lisuswe ngokuphelele, ukusika kufanele kwenziwe esisekelweni (esendandeni) - shiya inhlanzi akuyona efiselekayo.

"I-Muscovite" yanele ukushisa okubandayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uvikele emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu ebusika, kuyadingeka ukuba udibanise isihlahla somuthi nge-humus yamahhashi. I-Shtamb kufanele ihlanganiswe ngezinto zokuvikela ezivumela ukuthi umoya udlule.. Ukulwa nezinhlamvu nezinsebe ngezansi ingxenye ye-trunk ihlanganiswa kangcono nenetha elikhethekile noma amagatsha e-coniferous aphezulu.

Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo ezinamakhaza: Nika, Samara Beauty, Svarog, Seredyanka Krasnoshchekaya nase-Uralochka.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Iphakathi kwe "Muscovite" ehlukaniswa ukuphikiswa okuphezulu kwezithelo ukubola nokukhwehlela. Ukuze kuvikelwe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kusukela ku-septoriosis, ukugqwala nomdlavuza we-baktheriya, okungenani kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokwelashwa kwezinkuni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kusetshenziswa Bordeaux liquid noma izidakamizwa ezinamandla ezifana "Skor", "Azofos", "Chorus", "Pennkotseb", "Delan" kanye nabanye

Entwasahlobo noma ukuwa kwekwephuzile, kuhle ukupheliswa sishaye izihlahla Isixazululo se-urea (kusuka 800 kuya ku-900 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi). Ngokuba ukuvimbela izifo ze-fungal ngaphambi kwezihlahla baphathwa ngekhambi le-sulphate noma le-iron.

Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziphikisana nalesi sikhumba: i-Limonka, i-Lyra, i-Northerner e-red-cheeked, i-Moscow ekuqaleni ne-Orlovskaya ubuhle, isibonelo.

Izinambuzane ezivamile kakhulu eziphakathi kwe- i-pear sucker, i-leafworm, i-aphid eluhlaza, i-pear mite, i-pear moth. Ukulwa nezinambuzane kudinga indlela eyodwa:

• I-aphid eluhlaza. Yenziwa kathathu sishaye izitshalo: ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - Kinmiksom, ngaphambi kokuzimbali - "Agravertin", ngokubonakala kwama-ovari - Iskra. Izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu nezithandwayo: soap eluhlaza, i-garlic kanye nama-chamomile broths;
• I-Pear moth. Ukubhujiswa yizokwelapha nge-drug "Agravertin" ngaphambi nangemva kokusabalalisa. Ngokulandelayo, amasonto amathathu emva kwe-ottsvetaniya esebenzisa "amaKinmiks";
• I-Pear Copper. Imithi ihlanjululwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali "Karbofos", ngemuva kokuphela kwezimbali - "Agravertin" noma "Iskra." Izimpungushe ze-sucker zingabhubhisa ngosizo lwezinhlayiya zotshani kagwayi, i-dandelion, i-yarrow, i-chamomile;
• I-Pear mite. Ukubhujiswa ngokuphatha izihlahla ngesisombululo sulfur colloidal.
• Isikhwama sephepha. Ukubukeka kwale nambuzane kuvimbela izihlahla ukuba zingcolise nge-"Tsimbush" ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuchichima.

Ngesikhathi fruiting ziqoqwe futhi zibhujiswa izibungu. I-autumn kufanele ihlanzwe futhi. ama-stumps namagatsha avela amagxolo exfolized, ukuqoqa nokushisa wonke amaqabunga awile, ukugcoba i-trunk, kanye namagatsha ezinhlanzi.

I-Pear "I-Muscovite" inezici ezinhle kakhulu futhi ifanelwe ukuba yisithelo sakho esiwuthandayo. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, kungakunikeza isivuno esicebile sezithelo ezinempilo nesinambitha - isitolo sokugcina amavithamini namaminerali.