Uhlobo luni lwemifino emnyama ebusika? Ngesikhathi sokutshala lesi sitshalo, kunjani ukunakekelwa okudingekayo futhi kuyasiza kanjani?

Ubusika obusika obumnyama bunomdla ovuthayo, obabayo. Umthombo oyigugu wamavithamini nezakhi, ophakeme kunamanye izinhlobo nezinhlobo zezithombo. Kuyinto ewusizo okudingekayo ekudleni ngenkathi ebandayo.

Angikaze ngizwe ngalezo ezihlukahlukene? Sekuyisikhathi sokuhlangana nawe! Sizokutshela ngakho konke okuvela ekubukeni, ukubukeka nokuphela kokusetshenziswa kwemithi yendabuko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizokwabelana ngezinhlobonhlobo ezifana kakhulu nobusika obusika obusika ekunambithekeni futhi nakho okuwusizo kakhulu.

Isici esijulile

Ukubukeka

Amaqabunga omsila omnyama webusika ahlakazekile, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enesibindi.

Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezincane, ezibomvu. Ama-racemes e-Inflorescences, ahlekile. Esikhathini sezithelo - i-pod ivuthwa kuze kube ngu-10 amagremu okuzungeza, uhlobo olufanele lwembewu.

Izitshalo zomsuka zizungezile, zilinganiselwa ku-200 kuya ku-500 g, zibe nobubanzi obufinyelela ku-10 cm. I-peel inomzimba omncane, obushelelezi, obukhulu, umbala omnyama. Inyama iyinambitheka enomsoco, inomunwe omncane, ogqamile, ovuthayo.

Imifino inekhwalithi yokugcina kahle kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, isikhathi sokugcina kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimpande kuzoxoxwa kamuva kulesi sihloko.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala?

Izinhlobo zebusika nxazonke zesikhukhula phakathi nonyaka. Isikhathi esihle sokufika - ekupheleni kukaJune - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi.

Lapho isithombo sihlwanyela kakhulu kakhulu, izimpande zilahlekelwa yi-juiciness, ziba nzima, ziqhekeke, isivuno siyancipha.

Iyini isivuno?

Ubusika obusika obumnyama bunomkhiqizo ophezulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, amathani angama-35 kuya kwangu-45 ezimpande zivunwa kusuka ku-ha 1 (3.5-4 kg ngalinye 1 sq. M).

Kukuphi lapho kunconywa ukuthi ikhule?

Ubusika obusika obusika butshalwa kuphela emhlabathini ovulekile. Ikhula ngisho nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Amasiko adinga ukukhanya okuhle, akhula kahle emthunzini.

Kungcono ukukhula emva:

• izaqathe;
• ukhukhamba;
• utamatisi;
• amazambane

Musa ukuhlwanyela emva iklabishi kanye isithombo, amathuba okungcola kwenhlabathi yizinambuzane kanye nezifo.

Ungakwazi ukuhlwanyela phakathi kwemigqa ye-anyanisi, ukhukhamba namazambane.

Izifo zokuphikisa

Izinhlobo zobusika obusika obusika obungenakuzithoba, okumelene nezifo. Ukuze kuvune isivuno esihle, kufanele kusetshenziswe imbewu enkulu kuphela. Masinyane ngaphambi kokutshala, inzalo igcwele ihora elilodwa kwisisombululo sama-manganese noma kunoma yimuphi umgqugquzeli wokukhula.

Ukuvusa

Isibhakabhaka esimnyama sasebusika sivuthwa ezinsukwini ezingu-75 kuya kwezingu-80 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela (isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuvuthwa).

Uthanda ukuphi uhlobo lomhlabathi?

Ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi akulona imifino efuna ukudla. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe:

• okuxekethile;
• kulula;
• i-acidic kancane;
• okunomsoco.

Izitshalo zomsuka zizoba yizicucu uma ama-fertilizer amaminerali enziwe emhlabathini ngaphambi kokutshala - ingxube ye-superphosphate, i-potassium chloride, urea (3: 1: 1).

Umhlabathi waguqa ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, ngaphambi nje kokuhlwanyela. Lokhu kwenziwa ukwenza umhlaba ube okhululekile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Umlando wokuzala

Imifino eyigugu yafika kithi evela eMpumalanga. Izithombo zasebusika ezimnyama zanda eRussia kusukela ngekhulu le-12.

ERussia yasendulo, isivuno sempande sabhekwa njengomkhiqizo owusizo nokuphulukisa.. Hlanganisa ama-subspecies asekuqaleni, okuphakathi kokuvuthwa kanye nokuphumula.

Uyini umehluko kwezinye izinhlobo zemifino?

• Izitshalo ezibomvu zasebusika zingatshalwa ngisho nasezindaweni ezipholile zezindawo ezisenyakatho zezwe, eSiberia.
• Ihlukana nokubukeka okhethekile - ukunambitheka okumnandi.
• Izinhlobonhlobo zalolu hlobo lwesithombo zifanele kakhulu ukugcina ubusika.
• Isici sokukhula: imifino yezimpande, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zesithombo, zigcwele ngokuphelele emhlabathini.

Amandla nobuthakathaka

Ukwakhiwa kwezitshalo zezimpande yizinto ezenza isenzo sokulwa namagciwane. Ubusika obusika obumnyama - i-antibiotic yemvelo.

Iqukethe eziningi:

• amavithamini;
• amaminerali;
• amafutha abalulekile;
• i-glycosides;
• phytoncides, njll.

Umsuka womsuka:

• uthatha amakhaza, urolithiasis;
• unomphumela we-choleretic;
• uphulukisa izilonda namanxeba.

Kuvinjelwe ukusebenzisa okuluhlaza ngesilonda esiswini, isisu somzimba, ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwesibindi, izinso, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Yini futhi isetshenziselwa kuphi?

1. It isetshenziswa salads kanye ukudla okubandayo. Ubusika obusika obusika buqinisa ukuzivikela, kuqinisa isimiso sezinzwa, ngokuqinisekile kuthinta isimo somzimba jikelele.
2. Kusukela ku-gruel wezimpande izitshalo zivuselela imaski izinwele nezipikili. Ukufudumala kwe-pulp crushed treat pneumonia, bronchitis.
3. Isetshenziselwa imithi yokwelapha - isithombo nesinyosi inciphisa ukuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela, iphilisa ukukhwehlela, ukuphuza komphimbo nokuphuza impumu.
4. Umusi we-black black radish ohlanganiswe noju, i-vodka kanye nosawoti kuhoxisa ukuvuvukala emajoyini.
5. I-prophylactic ngokumelene nokubukeka kwezicubu ezimbi.

Ukukhula

1. Ngaphambi kokutshala, bamba umhlabathi ekujuleni kwe-30 cm.
2. I-peat, humus kanye ne-compost ifakwe emhlabathini.
3. Yakha imifantu noma imigodi.
4. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo liyi-15-20 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - kufika ku-30 ​​cm.

Uhlelo lwe-Seeding:

1. Imbewu ijuliswe ngo 2 - 3 cm.
2. Esikhathini ngasinye isidleke 2 - 3 imbewu zihlwanyelwa.
3. Emva kokuhluma esihlahleni kushiya ihlumela eliqine kakhulu.
4. Emva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwangu-3 ukuvuselelwa kwesitshalo kuyadingeka.

Ukuhlwanyela njalo okumanzi, okuyimpuphu nomlotha ukuyibulala imithi. Ukuphuza okunye okunamandla kuyinqwaba (kufika ku-10 amalitha ngehora elilodwa le-1 sq. M), kanye ngesonto. Umhlabathi kufanele ukhululiwe futhi ukhula ngemuva kokunisela ngamunye.

Umanyolo omusha ongasetshenzisiwe awukwazi ukusetshenziswa, izimpande ziqhekekile.

Imifino yemifino ekhule kakhulu kumele ihlehliswe ngobumneneukuze badle kuphela nge-taproot. Umanyolo usetshenziswa njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwangu-3. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izithako zamaminerali:

• superphosphate;
• i-potassium;
• i-saltpeter.

Qinisekisa ukwenza umquba nge-boron ne-magnesium ukuze uthuthukise okuqukethwe kokushukela kwezitshalo zezimpande. Amaviki amathathu ngaphambi kokuvuna, ukupha ukudla.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Izitshalo zomsuka zivunwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Imifino enamafutha ayifanele ukugcina.

Amahlamvu kufanele aqedwe, izimpande ezomile. Ukuvuna kugcinwa emabhokisini okhuni, iziqukathi, amaphakheji amnyama emiphongolweni. Imidwebo kufanele yenziwe emabhokisini okwenyuka umoya.

Ukushisa okungcono kokugcina kungu-1 - 2 ° C. Umswakama kufanele ube - 80%

Ukulimazwa yizinambuzane, izimpande ezivame kakhulu nezingavuthiwe zihlanganisiwe. Ukuwashiya ngezithelo enempilo akunakwenzeka ukuze kungabikho ukuwohloka.

Izifo nezinambuzane

• I-bacteriosis yempande idluliselwa ngembewu. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwembewu kuyadingeka.
• Ukusuka ekukhanyeni okuphelile kushiya kusindisa imibhede ye-mulch.
• Izimpukane ze-carrot nezinhlanzi ezibambe iqhaza zisakaza amabhaktheriya abolile. Ukwelapha okwesikhashana komhlabathi namaqabunga ngokusetshenziswa kwe-fiber noma i-lipocide kuyadingeka.
• Kusukela ku-beetle yeqabunga leqabunga kanye ne-aphid kuzosiza ukufafaza konfidorom.
• Ama-slugs kanye nezimbali eziphuziwe zibhujiswa ngesisombululo sanoma iyiphi inambuzane.

Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene

1. Ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwezinambuzane, izitshalo kufanele zibe yimpuphu kanye nenhlanganisela yezinkuni nomlotha ogwayi, ngokulingana okulinganayo. Inqubo kufanele iphindwe izikhathi ezimbili - 3 ezinsukwini ezingu-7.
2. Ukuvimbela ukubonakala kokuhleka, izimbungulu nezinye izinambuzane kuzosiza ukubhujiswa okuvamile kokhula.
3. Ukufafaza nokulimala nge-burdock tincture, ukuhlaziywa komhlonyane - ithuluzi elihle kakhulu ekulwa nezilokazane.
4. Ukuze kuvikelwe i-penosperosis, ukubola, i-leaf mosaic, ungasebenzisa isisombululo se-boric acid ne-iodine. Emalitha angu-10 amanzi afudumele kufanele ahlakazwe 1 tbsp. l boric acid, engeza amakristalu ambalwa we-potassium permanganate, amaconsi angu-40 - 50 we-iodine.
5. Ukuvikela ngokumelene nokhula nokusabalalisa kwezifo ezitholakala e-pathogenic, ukulondoloza umswakama emhlabathini, kunconywa ukuba uxolele imibhede nge-sawdust, utshani, amaqabunga.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo zemifino yezimpande

I-Duanea

Izitshalo zomsuka zinkulu njengalabo abathandekayo bebusika, abamnyama, abazungezile. Inyama iyamanzi, isinyene, imhlophe. Ibanga lenzelwe ukugcina isikhathi eside..

Ubusuku

Futhi isebenza ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkathi zonyaka, ukukhula kwezinyanga ezingu-2.5 kuya kwezi-3 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela. Izithelo ziyindilinga, umthunzi omnyama. Inyama i-crispy, emhlophe.

Udokotela

Izimo ezihlukahlukene zonyaka we-hybrid zasendlini zinikeza isivuno esikhulu. Izithelo zinkulu, zilinganiselwa ku-300 g. I-rind ibomnyama, inyama ibukhali ekunambithekeni, emhlophe. Kugcinwe ubusika bonke.

Udrako omnyama

Isithombo se-black sine ukunambitheka okubukhali. Izitshalo zomsuka wezinga elilinganiselwe, omnyama obunzima, u-pulp enomsoco. Izinhlobonhlobo zifanelekele isitoreji sasebusika.

Isithombo somnyama esibusika sikhula kunoma yiziphi izimo, kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi. Imithetho yokutshala le mifino eyindilinga futhi uyayinakekela ilula futhi ifinyeleleke. Amasiko akuyona ikhethelo, ukumelana nezifo, ukugcinwa kahle, ukugcina izimfanelo zayo kuze kube entwasahlobo.