UMelissa uyisitshalo esimangalisayo esihlanganisa izindawo zokuphulukisa nge ukunambitheka okumnandi.
Ihlanganisa iphunga le-citrus, ukunambitheka kwe-mint kanye namanothi azinyosi. UMelissa unezinhlobo eziningi zokuphulukisa nezakhi zokwelapha.
Ngakho-ke, i-lemon i-lemon ingaba ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwengeza okuphazamisayo kwimenyu yezinhlanzi zangempela nezindlela zensindiso kulabo abanempilo yabo abadinga ukusekelwa. Okulandelayo, tshela ngokunakekelwa kwe-melissa nazo zonke izinhlobo ezidumile.
Zingaki izinhlobo?
UMelissa uyimifino ebalulekile yamafutha:
- Izilwane eziyinhloko ezihlonywe ngempumelelo eRussia nguMelissa officinalis.
- I-Melissa axillaris yizinhlobo ezivamile eChina, i-Himalayas, i-Java nesiqhingi sase-Sumatra.
- UMelissa flava - indawo yokukhula - iTibet, iNepal, iBhutan, empumalanga yeNdiya.
- UMelissa younanensis noMelissa bicornis bakhule eTibet naseYunnan.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwengu-50 zalesi sitshalo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi ukutshalwa kwe-lemon balm sekuye kwaba kakhulu emva kokuba uCharlemagne enikeze umyalo wokukhulisa lesi sitshalo emasimini akhe kuwo wonke amasonto asebenzayo.
Izinhlobo ezidumile nezinhlobonhlobo: igama, incazelo nesithombe
I-drug - lemon
Isitshalo esingapheli, i-shrub enamagatsha, ngobubanzi be-45 nobude obuyi-125 cm. Izimbali zincane, zimhlophe, zine pink noma ziphuzi. Ukuxubha okukhulu kwamafutha abalulekile kuqukethe iziqongo zamahlumela namaqabunga. Amaqabunga aphethwe yinhliziyo, ungakwazi ukuqoqa ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokutshala izitshalo endaweni enomphela.
Tsaritsyn Semko
Isitshalo esingapheli, izimbali eziyi-80 cm phakathi kukaJulayi. UMelissa angakhula endaweni eyodwa kuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi. Ngaphambi nangemva kwalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukusika amaqabunga kabili, anesimo esicacile nomthunzi omnyama ohlaza. Ihlangothini lithinta izinyoni ezinwabuzelayo ezitshalweni.
I-quadrille
Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anamazinyo emaphethelweni ahlanganisa isihlahla esingama-80 cm high. Isika senziwa ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokufika ngaphambi noma ngemva kokusabalalisa. Iphunga lemon le-plant libizwa kakhulu, ukunambitheka kwamacembe amabi.
Uhlakaniphile
Ehlala isikhathi eside, ekwazi ukukhula endaweni efanayo kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu. Ukuphakama kwehlathi kufinyelela ku-90 cm. Ngonyaka wesibili wokulima, isikhathi semifino esebenzayo inyanga nesigamu. Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, aphakanyiswe kancane, anezibaya ezingenalutho kanye ne-dentate emaphethelweni. Izimbali zimhlophe, zincane. Iqukethe ukunambitheka kwelamula kahlambulukile.
Lada
Sitshala nge-stem eqondile kanye nesilinganiso esiphakathi amaqabunga amaqabunga amakhulu. Ezihlukahlukene ezikhulayo - cishe 52-54 cm, izimbali ezinemibala emincane emhlophe.
Isidora
Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungaba ngu-80 cm. Amaqabunga, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ahlotshiswe ama-oval futhi anama-notches angemuva. Isici sezinhlobonhlobo - ukukhula okusheshayo. Amahlamvu asetshenziswa ngonyaka wesibili ngemva kokutshala.
I-Pearl
Shrub 70 cm high nge amaqabunga e-oval, amazinyo amazinyo. Ehlala isikhathi eside, ekhula ngokukhiqiza endaweni eyodwa kuya eminyakeni emihlanu. Imifino efanelekile ukusetshenziswa ngonyaka wesibili wokutshala. Phakathi nenkathi udinga ukuchitha okungenani ukusika okubili.
Izinhlobonhlobo eziphakeme kakhulu zokukhiqiza - okungu-5 kg wezinto eziluhlaza zingaqoqwa ngamamitha wesikwele. Lesi sitshalo sinomsoco ogqamile we-mint nge-hint lemon futhi i-tart ukunambitheka ngokufutheka okuncane.
Igolide
Ihluke kwezinye izinhlobonhlobo zombala ongewona ojwayelekile wamahlamvu - kuluhlaza obumnyama ngephethini legolide. Amaqabunga amancane, adululwe. Isitshalo esingapheli, njalo eminyakeni emihlanu sidinga ukutshalwe endaweni entsha.
Igolide elihlanzekile
Izinhlobonhlobo zenziwe ngokugqamile. I-shrub enomshini eneqabunga lama-oval of hue golden. Ubude nobubanzi besitshalo zifanayo - cishe uhhafu wamitha. Izimbali ekuqaleni kombala omhlophe kuya phakathi kwezimbali ziba lilac ephaphathekile.
UMelissa uvame ukudideka nge-mint, catnip ne-serpentine ye-Moldavian. Nge-catnip eMelissa, iphunga lifanayo, futhi iphunga le-serpentine likwazi ukuhlukaniswa ne-lemongrass kuphela ngamandla. Ngomunye oneminyaka engu-"ubudala wase-Turkish melissa", okuthiwa i-serpentine, iphunga le-citrus ligcwele futhi ligcwele kakhulu.
Ukulima nokukhathalela
Amasiko akafaki izidingo zokunakekela okukhethekile.. Udinga ukulandela inombolo encane kuphela yezinyathelo ezilula:
- Ukuphuza akufanele kube nokuningi. Ukuze isitshalo, ukuchichima kubi kakhulu kunomsoco omncane.
- Izimila zidinga ukuphuma kancane.
- Ngemuva kokusika imifino kumele kwenziwe umquba womanyolo kanye nobunamaminerali.
- Inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla kufanele ikhululwe kahle futhi ihlanzwe ukhula. Ungenza ukuhlanganiswa okuyisisekelo.
- Ezindaweni ezinokushisa owomile neqhwa elincane lemon lemon kufanele udinga indawo yokukhosela.
Sinikeza ukubuka ividiyo mayelana nezinkinga zokukhula nokunakekela i-melissa:
Isiphetho
UMelissa ungokwesitshalo esingadingi ukuhambisana ne-agrotechnics eyinkimbinkimbi yokulima, ngakho-ke ngisho nensimu yesimanje ingayifaka kalula ensimini yakhe. Ngaphezu kokulima emkhakheni ovulekile, i-lemon i-lemon ingenziwa kalula umuntu ohlala efasitela lewindi, ehlwanyela imbewu kunoma yisiphi isitsha esikahle. Lesi sitshalo sinika amahlumela ngokushesha, okuvumela isikhathi esifushane kakhulu ukuba sithole ukuphulukiswa, imifino ebabayo.
