IChubushnik yisichwensi esiqhakazayo esisabisayo noma shrub esivela emndenini waseHortensian. Izwe lakubo yiNyakatho Melika, iYurophu ne-East Asia. Imvamisa kakhulu ezingadini, emapaki, e-mockwort kukhula njenge-jasmine, bakholelwa ukuthi yiyo yokugcina ekhula esizeni. Ngempela, amakha wezimbali zalezi zitshalo ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele afana kakhulu. UChubushnik walithola igama ngoba wenza amapayipi okubhema - i-chubuki - aqhamuka emagatsheni awo. Izikhukhamba ezibukekayo ezimbozwe ifu elinamakha ezintekenteke asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Ukubanakekela akubona umthwalo, ngakho-ke i-mockwort itholakala emapulazini amaningi engadini.
Incazelo yezitshalo
IChubushnik iyisidalwa esinamaphiko asakazeka kalula esiphakeme esingu-0.5-3 m. Iziqu zimbozwe ngegxolo elibushelelezi, elisuka kancane. Ipendiwe ngombala onsundu. Engxenyeni engezansi yegatsha iyaqina futhi ikhule, kepha ihlumela iningi lihlala lincane futhi liguquguquka. Ngenxa yalokho, isihlahla sifana nomthombo omkhulu ohluma amanzi.
Emagatsheni amancanyana, kuphakama amaqabunga e-petiole e-ovoid, amafomu okusaqanda noma anwebule. Ubude bawo bungama-cm angama-5-7. Isikhumba esimboze ngombala oluhlaza okotshani simbozwe ngemithambo emide.
Ukusuka ngoMeyi-Juni, isihlahla esidumazayo sigcizelela ama-inflorescences e-racemose aqinile emaphethelweni amahlumela amancane nakuma-axils amaqabunga. Kwibhulashi elilodwa, kunezinhlamvu ezingama-3-9. Izimbali zesimo esilula noma esiphindwe kabili ububanzi zingama-25-60 mm. Amacembe awo apendwe mhlophe noma abilayo mhlophe. Izimbali zikhipha iphunga elimnandi kakhulu, elimnandi lejasmine. Ezinye izinhlobo zinuka njengama-sitrobheli noma usawolintshi. Amacembe akhonjisiwe abeka isixha sezinyoni ezondile kanye nesibhamu esisodwa.
I-heady iphunga likhanga inani elikhulu lezinambuzane. Ngemuva kokuvota, amabhokisi embewu anezidleke ezingama-3-5 avuthiwe. Ziqukethe imbewu encane kakhulu, enothuli. Ku-1 g yembewu kukhona amayunithi angaba ngu-8000.
Izinhlobo zokuhlekisa
Kuhlobo lweChubushnik kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-60. Ezinye zazo:
I-Chubushnik coronet. Isihlahla esivuthayo esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-3 sikhula eSouthern Europe nase-Asia Minor. Inezimpande ezigobeke ngengatsha embozwe ngamagxolo abomvu ansundu noma aphuzi. Amahlamvu aminyene akhula ngokuhlukile futhi anesimo se-oval. Uhlangothi olungaphezulu lwamaqabunga e-petiole lubushelelezi, futhi kune-pubescence engavamile emithanjeni engezansi. Izimbali zikakhilimu ezinobubanzi obungu-5 cm ziqoqwa emabhulashini athambile emikhawulweni yeziqu. Ziqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi futhi ziyaqhakaza cishe amasonto amathathu. Okunhlobonhlobo okumelana neqhwa kufika ku-25 ° C. Izinhlobo:
- I-Aureus - isihlahla esisebusweni sebhola elingu-2-3 m eliphakeme elinesembozo esinamaqabunga aqhakazile aphuzi, ajika kancane abe luhlaza ehlobo;
- I-Variegata - amaqabunga okwehla obanzi wesihlahla somdwebo apende ngombala oluhlaza okomnyama futhi ahlanganiswe umugqa wekhilimu ongalingani;
- I-Innosense - isihlahla esivuthayo esifinyelela kumamamitha ama-2 amade kakhulu, kepha siqhakaza amaqabunga anephethini lemabula.
I-Chubushnik ejwayelekile. I-Shrub enamagatsha aqhakazile akhula afinyelela kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Imbozwe ngamaqabunga ama-oval alula aze afike ku-8 cm ubude Amabhulashi avele emaphethelweni amahlumela aqukethe izimbali ezilula zikakhilimu amhlophe afinyelela ku-3 cm ubukhulu.
Ukuhlekisa kukaLemoine. Iqembu le-Hybrid, elihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-40 zewolintshi ehlekisayo. Zonke zibonakaliswa iphunga elimnandi le-sweetish. Izitshalo zakha amaqhubu aminyene afinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. Amahlamvu aluhlaza aqhakazile akhula emagatsheni. Ehlobo, izimbali ezinamakha kakhulu ziyaqhakaza zifike kububanzi obungu-4 cm. Izinhlobonhlobo:
- I-Chubushnik bicolor - isihlahla esidlakudla esifinyelela ku-2 m ukuphakama, siqhakaza izimbali ezinkulu ezikhulu kuma-axils amaqabunga.
- Izintombi eziguquguqukayo ezi-brown zakha isihlahla esisakazayo ukuphakama okungama-2-3 m. I-Oval ishiya ubude obu-7 cm onqenqemeni olukhonjelwe kubo. Amahlamvu apendwe ngombala oluhlaza omnyama. NgoJulayi, izimbali eziphindwe kabili, cishe ezingenalo iphunga, ziyaqhakaza zifinyelela kububanzi obuyi-5 cm, eziqoqwe ngebhulashi eli-14 cm ubude.
- I-Terry marshmallow - Izitshalo ezingamelana neqhwa, ngasekupheleni kukaJuni, ziyaqhakaza ngezimbali ezinkulu eziphindwe kabili.
- Isambatho sika-Ermine - izitshalo eziphakeme ngo-80-100 cm ziphawuleka ngezimbali ezinkulu eziphindwe kabili, ezifuywayo zazo zitholakala emihlangeni eminingi.
- Bel Etoile - undersized (kufika ku-80 cm) shrub ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kulo lonke ubude lwez amahlumela embozwe ngezimbali ezinkulu eziphindwe kabili.
- I-Snowbel - isihlahla esinamahlumela aqhakaze okufika ku-1.5 m ukuphakama ekupheleni kukaJuni izimbali eziqhakaza izimbali ezibukeka njengezinsimbi;
- IMont Blanc - isibalo esikhulu sezimbali ezincane ezinesiqingatha esiphindwe kabili ngobubanzi bama blocts angama-3-4 cm ngaphezulu kwamathanga aminyene afinyelela ku-1 m maphakathi noJuni.
I-mock-up yi-hybrid. Ngaphansi kwaleli gama, ukudalelwa kwabafuyi abahlukahlukene kuhlangene. Lezi izinhlobo zokuhlobisa kanye nzalo ye-intraspecific. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu kubo:
- I-Moonlight - isitshalo esifushane esifinyelela ku-70 cm ukuphakama sinezimpande ezibomvu ezinamaqabunga amancane aluhlaza aqhakazile nezimbali zikakhilimu ezinoshukela nge-sitrobheli iphunga;
- Amapharele - isihlahla esiphansi esinezimbali ezibunjiweyo ezibomvu kanye nezimbali eziphindwe kabili ngamapharele amhlophe, afinyelela kububanzi obuyi-6.5 cm;
- IChubushnik Shneysturm - isihlahla esifinyelela ku-3 m ukuphakama sikhala ngokuqhakaza kuqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaJuni ngama-inflorescence amakhulu e-terry;
- I-Majori - isihlahlana esidlakudla esifinyelela ku-1.5 m ukuphakama ngamahlumela amile ambozwe ngamahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani, futhi ekupheleni kukaJuni simbozwe kahle kakhulu ngezimbali zetryry, elimnandi kakhulu;
- IMinnesota Snowflake - isihlahla esimile mpo esingamamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama okukhulu simbozwe ngezimbali ezincane eziphindwe kabili;
- I-Elbrus - isihlahla esinokuphakama okucishe kube ngu-1.5 m kuqhakaze izimbali ezimhlophe ezilula, ezingenamakha ngokuphelele.
Ukumila kwezitshalo
IChubushnik izalela ngempumelelo nganoma iyiphi indlela. Lapho kukhula izitshalo ezivela ezinhlanyelweni, kufanele kusetshenziswe izinto ezintsha zembewu (ezingekho emdala kunonyaka owodwa). Ezinyangeni ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu exutshwe nesihlabathi ibekwa esiqandisini. NgoMashi, ngemuva kokuduka, ihlwanyelwa ezitsheni ezinomhlabathi onamahlamvu, humus, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Inhlabathi ihlala ifafazwa futhi ihlanzwe. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10, kuvela izithombo. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, lapho kukhula amaqabunga angempela, izithombo ziyakhwezela. NgoMeyi, esimweni sezulu esishisayo, izithombo zithathwa ngaphandle ukuze zikhule. Beka endaweni enomthunzi. Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, bafika emhlabeni ovulekile.
Ukusika abalimi njengabo kakhulu, ngoba kuyindlela ephumelelayo futhi elula yokusakaza. Ukusuka ngoMeyi kuze kube ngu-Agasti, udinga ukusika amahlumela amasha ngesithende ubude obungu-10 cm. Ukusikwa okungaphansi kwesiqu kuphathwa ngeKornevin futhi kutyalwe ebhokisini elinengxube yenhlabathi yengadi nesihlabathi kuya kububanzi obuyi-5 mm. Izimbambo zimbozwe nge-foil futhi zigcinwe emgwaqweni. Kumele afafazwe njalo. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2 kuphela, isithombo ngasinye sizoba nezimpande.
I-Chubushnik izalela kahle futhi ngezendlalelo zomoya noma amahlumela we-basal. Amabhasi amakhulu angahlukaniswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izitshalo zomile ngokuphelele futhi zisikwe abahlukanisi. Ngezinhlobo ezinde, lokhu kusakazeka kungadinga umzamo omkhulu womzimba. Kubalulekile ukuqeda wonke umsebenzi wentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwe-sap.
Ukutshala nokunakekela ukuhlekisa
Ukucabanga ngesikhathi sokutshala i-orange ehlekisayo, udinga ukugxila eqinisweni lokuthi ukufika ligcwaliswa ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwama-buds. Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukufakelwa engxenyeni yokuqala yekwindla. Izindawo eziklanyelwe kahle, izindawo ezivulekile zikhethelwe lesi sitshalo, ngoba emthunzini izimbali zizoba zincane kakhulu futhi ukukhula kuzoncipha.
Inhlabathi kumele ibe lula futhi inomsoco nge-acidity engathathi hlangothi. Bemba umhlaba emavikini angama-1-2, benza isihlabathi, inhlabathi eshidi kanye ne-humus. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ngazinye kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo nasenhlosweni. Lapho utshala, ukudala uthango, ibanga lingama-50-70 cm.Isihlahla esidlakadlaka, eside sizodinga kufika ku-1.5 m wesikhala samahhala.
Umgodi wokufaka umgodi wembiwa ujule ube ngamasentimitha angama-60. Ungqimba lwamanzi luthululelwa ezansi cishe ngo-15 cm. Intamo yezimpande kufanele igxunyekwe ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi noma ingabi ngaphezu kuka-2-3 cm emhlabathini. Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi iyanyathelwa bese izihlahla ziniselwa kakhulu. Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kokuhlekisa akusilo umthwalo.
Lesi sitshalo kwesinye isikhathi sihlushwa imvula yemvelo futhi kuphela esomeni eside futhi ekushiseni okukhulu izihlahla ziniselwa ngamabhakede ama-1-2 amanzi kanye ngeviki. Umbuthano we-trunk uyakhulula ngezikhathi ezithile nokhula. Amanyolo we-organic asetshenziswa entwasahlobo, ngemuva kwethayile. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, i-mockwort iyanezelelwa futhi ngamakhompiyutha e-potassium-phosphorus.
Ukunciphisa ukuhlekisa-up kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana. Entwasahlobo, iqhwa, amagatsha omile ayasuswa. Futhi, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu, umqhele ubunjiwe. Amathikithi amadala achitha ukuthena okudala ukuguga. Iziqu zisikiwe ngokuphelele, kusale kuphela ukuphakama okungama-hemp cm angama-5 000. Lapho izihlahla ekwindla, ibunxa lengca liyahlanzwa. Ukhula olungadingekile kanye namahlumela obukhulu ngaphakathi kwesihlahla kuyasuswa.
IChubushnik imelana kakhulu nezifo zezitshalo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-spider mite, weevil ne-bean aphid ingayihlasela. Ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane kungenziwa entwasahlobo njenge-prophylaxis nalapho kutholakala khona amagciwane.
Ukusetshenziswa kwengadi
Amathanga aminyene wama-mock-ups asetshenziswa njengezithako, ukuklama imingcele futhi eduze kwezindonga zezakhiwo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izihlahla zakha amakhasethi amahle, amakha. Izinhlobo ezikhulayo eziphansi zilungele ama-rockeries angama-landscaping, amagquma ase-alpine kanye nasebeni lomzimba wamanzi. Amakhasikhisi amancanyana aphezulu ayoba isizinda esihle kakhulu sengadi yezimbali. Ama-Hydrangeas, ama-spireas nama-weigels abukeka kahle eduze kwawo. Ekwindla, amaqabunga athola umbala omuhle obomvu ophuzi, odonsela amehlo abedlula ngendlela.
