I-hybrid liana edumile - ama-Fatshedera

Amafatshedera - i-hybrid yasekuqaleni, ihlolwe ngokuwela izitshalo ezimbili ezahlukene: i-fatsia yaseJapane ne-ivy.

Le mbali yatholwa ngo-1912 ngenxa yomsebenzi Abazalwane baseFrance.

Umbono washesha wathola ukuthandwa ngabalimi abaningi. Isitshalo esinjalo esivamile singasetshenziselwa ukuhlaziywa kwamatharafu namabhaloni, kodwa nokukhiqiza imbali emihle emasimini asebusika.

Ngokuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko esizoxoxa ngakho mayelana nokuhlunga: ukukhathazeka ekhaya, izithombe, izinzuzo, izifo.

Incazelo

U-Fatshederoy uyinhlangano ehlala njalo eluhlaza, ngokuvamile efinyelela kumamitha amahlanu. Izitshalo zalo ziyizimbali ezinomzimba ezincane futhi ezibuthakathaka, ezincane, zimila ezitshalweni ezincane, kodwa emva kwesikhathi ziphendukela ezinwabuzelayo.

Amahlamvu inkulu ngokwanele, i-3-5-lobed. Ubuso bepuleti bubumnyama, obumnyama obumbala. Ngezinye izikhathi kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, ezibhekene nokuba khona komngcele omhlophe noma ukhilimu. Azinakwenzeka, kodwa abe nokubukeka okuningi okuhlobisa.

Ekwindla, izambulela ezinezimbali ezimhlophe zingase zivele kwezinye izitshalo ezindala. Izithelo amajikijolo ombala omnyama obomvu.

Izithombe

I-Fatshedera: isithombe se-evergreen liana.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

I-Fatshedera ibhekwa njengamandla kakhulu ukukhula emoyeni ezindaweni ezinobusika obumnene.

Izinhlobo ze-variegated babathanda kakhulu, bahlakulela kancane kancane, futhi babukeka behlobisa kakhulu, ngakho-ke bahle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphakathi.

Namuhla, emasikweni, izinkuni noma izinkuni zisetshenziselwa ukugcina amagatsha esitshalo.

Indawo

Abadwenguli bahlelekile ukugcina kokubili izindawo ezikhanyayo nezemi-shady. Kuzo izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kuzodinga ukukhanya okungaphezulu. Kungcono ukubeka izimbiza ngalezi zitshalo emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma empumalanga.

Liana ngamaqabunga aluhlaza akhula ngokushesha emafasiteleni abheke enyakatho, kodwa ngenkathi ebandayo bayodinga ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe.

Ukushisa

Kuze izimo izimo fatskhdera ezinganaki, kodwa ngenkathi ebandayo Kunconywa ukuyibeka ekamelweni elipholile elinomoya wokushisa we-12-15 ° C, amafomu ahlukahlukene-angaphansi kuka-16 ° C.

Ehlobo Uzwa kahle emoyeni, isibonelo ensimini. U-Liana uzwela emiphakathini epholile yomoya, ngakho-ke, uma umyisa ngaphandle, kufanele unakekele ukuvikelwa okuthembekile kusuka kumashicilelo.

Ukunisela

Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa okujulile Kudinga ukuchichima ngokweqile, kwezinye izinto hhayi ukuchelela okunamandla. Uketshezi oluthe xaxa oluthola epanini kumele luhlale luvaliwe.

Le hybrid nayo ukuhlunguphaza ngokweqile kwe-substrate - amahlamvu aphuzi.

Ebusika, udinga amanzi amaningi ngokulinganisela, kodwa ukuze i-substrate ebhodweni ingabe isomile ngokuphelele. Lapho inhlabathi eyomile - amaqabunga eqala ukuwa, ukuma komqhele kukhubazekile futhi kunzima kakhulu ukubuyela emuva.

Umswakama womoya

Ekamelweni elinokushisa okupholile, i-Fatschedera ayizithobeki, emazingeni angaphezu kwe-18 ° C Beka ibhodlela lezitshalo emgodini wegridi omanzi ngaphezulu kwezinga lamanzi kanye namaqabunga amaqabunga amashiza ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ukudla okwanele ezimweni eziningi kwenziwa esikhathini sokukhula okujulile (inkathi efudumele).

Kusetshenziswa izakhi zomquba eziyinkimbinkimbi ezithinta izinto eziphilayo kanye nezinsuku eziyishumi. Ebusika, akufanele ukondle i-liana.

Ukufakelwa

Izimila okokuqala zifakelwa njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo, kanti kanye kanye eminyakeni eminingana.

Ukuxuba kwenhlabathi lungiselela kusukela emhlabathini we-turf, humus, kanye nesihlabathi esilungisiwe kahle. I-fakerder idinga amanzi amanzi, okuvame ukuthatha ingxenye yesithathu yembiza.

Ukuzala

Izinhlobo ze-Fatshedera tip cuttings, kanye nezakhiwo zomoya, ezenziwa ngasekupheleni kwebusika - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Ngentwasahlobo, ukuqubuka okungajulile kwenziwa esihlahleni, bese kuhlanganiswe ngokucophelela nge-moss enomanzi futhi igcwele ifilimu phezulu.

I-Moss kumele ihlale imanzi.

Cishe izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuthi izimpande ezincane zivele, phezulu kanye nezimpande kufanele ziqedwe ngokucophelela ukuze zingalimazi isitshalo futhi zitshalwe ebhodweni elilungiselelwe ngokuhlukile.

I-Cuttings igxila ngokushesha kunomabili emanzini nasesimeni esihle se-humidified emoyeni ophezulu umswakama (ikhava ngilazi noma i-polyethylene).

Zuza kanye nokulimala

Amafatshedera kalula ukubhekana nezinto ezinobuthi obuhlukahlukeneokuyinto echitheka emoyeni ngisho ikamelo elikhulu kakhulu. Imbiza eyodwa ngesitshalo yanele 1 cu. Amakamelo. Ngakho-ke, ifulethi elilodwa lamakamelo aphakathi nosayizi oluphakathi lizodinga izitshalo ezimbalwa ezincane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imifino enhle kakhulu, kanye nezinkulumo zamaqabunga, kanye nezimbali, kunganciphisa umuntu, kukhululeke ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa.

Igama lesayensi

Abaqashi begama lesayensi - Amafatshedera, noma njengoba kubizwa nangokuhlonishwa kwabafowabo baka-breeders, okwathi empeleni, baletha lolu hlobo lwesitshalo, i-Fatshedera lizei (i-Fatshedera Lize).

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ama-fatshedera ayamelana nezifo ezihlukahlukene.

Ukulahlekelwa umhlobiso ngokuvamile kubonisa ukunakekelwa okungalungile, futhi hhayi nakancane ngesifo noma ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane ezithile.

Ngakho Izimpawu ezilandelayo zikhuluma ngalokhu:

1. Amahlamvu aqala ukukhwaza - umoya omile kakhulu ekamelweni.
   
2. Yomisa amathiphu - umswakama obuningi bomhlabathi.
   
3. Amaqabunga aphuzi futhi kancane kancane awe phansi - umswakama kakhulu.
   
4. Ukubonakala kwezindawo ezomile ze-hue ephuzi elimnyama - ukushisa kwelanga.
   
5. Ukulahlekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ze-variegated - ukungabi nokukhanya.
   
6. Umsuka wokubola kanye ne-powdery isikhutha - ukuchelela ngokweqile nokuvame kakhulu.
   
7. Ukubonakala kokuqhakaza okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - isitshalo sibanda kakhulu (udinga ukusika zonke izindawo ezilimazekile, bese uphatha umvini nge-fungicide).
   
8. Amaqabunga amancane namahlumela amade atheleke kahle - hhayi ukukhanya okwanele.

Ama-Fatshedera angathinteka yilokho izinambuzanenjengama-spider, mealybugs, nama-aphid. Izitshalo ezonakalisiwe kufanele ziphathwe ngokucophelela ngamanzi asozini, futhi ngokutheleleka okunamandla ngokwanele - nezinambuzane ezikhethekile.

Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ukukhanya okwanele, kanye nokuchelela okujulile kungabonwa ukutheleleka nge-grayish rot botrytis - Kubhekwa njengesitha esikhulu somvini we-hybrid.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingxenye engezansi ye-trunk iqala ukukhula kancane, ibole, ibuye igqoke i-gray nge-tinge ebomvu ngokuqhakaza kwama-mushroom spores, okuyinto ezimweni eziningi kufana nesibumba esijwayelekile. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi, lesi sitshalo singafa ngamasonto ambalwa nje.

I-botrytis Fatshedera idinga ukuguqula izimo zokuboshwa: ukuba ibekwe endaweni enomoya umoya onomswakama ophansi. Kufanele ususe ngokucophelela wonke amaqabunga awonakele neziqu.

Kulesi vidiyo uzobona imibala ehlukahlukene yesigodi esivamile.