Malvaceae

Izici zokulima nokunakekelwa kwe-mallow

I-Mallow (i-stock-rose, i-mallow) - isitshalo esaziwa esintwini iminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu.

Ngokuvamile lesi sitshalo sokuhlobisa asikhohlwa ngokungafanele, kodwa sinokuthile okumangazayo namuhla.

Inzuzo yalo enkulu ilula futhi kukhuthazela.

Ukuze uthole umzamo omncane nokunakekelwa ohlangothini lwakho, imbali izokubuyisela ngobuningi be-shades, ubuhle be-inflorescences, uju olumnandi, ukuphulukisa ama-infusions.

Uyazi? Ama-Mallow akhule eGibhithe lasendulo, eChina, eNdiya, eGreece naseRoma. I-Mallow ingabonakala emafreskheni asendulo, imidwebo yabadwebi abaphakathi, ngokuhlobisa imidwebo yabantu.

Izinhlobo zamasiko

I-genus Malve iboniswa izinhlobo ezingu-25 zezitshalo. I-edume kakhulu futhi yasendulo yi-Mallow Pink kanye noLesnaya Mallow (yizo ezazisetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokuzaliswa kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-hybrid). Mallow nezihlobo zabo (hibiscus, alteika, laureate, chinabella, njll) zimelela umndeni waseMalvine.

Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kuhluka kusuka ku-0.8 kuya ku-2.5 m. Izimbali (double, semi-double futhi elula) ububanzi zinesayizi kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-15 cm (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo nohlobo oluhlukahlukene).

I-palette yambala ye-inflorescences ivulekile: i-burgundy, obomvu, obomvu, obomvu, obomvu, obomvu, omnyama, ophuzi (ngaphandle kwalokho, i-mallow iyisitshalo esiphambanisiwe, futhi izitshalo eziseduze zishintsha imibala ngokudala, zidala imibala ehlukile).

Uyazi? UMalva uthanda ilanga elishisayo nehlobo elomile, ubekezelele kalula amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-45 ° C (izimpande ezingenalutho zingakhipha amanzi kumamitha angaphezu kwamathathu).

I-Mallow ingapheli, i-biennial kanye nonyaka. UMalva unyaka owodwa empeleni uneminyaka emibili.

Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuthuthukiswa, ama-mallows enza i-rosette yamaqabunga; phakathi nonyaka wesibili, ama-stalks ne-inflorescences aphonswa ngaphandle (kusukela ku-150 ukuya ku-200 izimbali). Qala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni, ukuqhakaza ngo-Okthoba.

Ngakwesokunxele emva kwezimbali kukhona amabhokisi ezithelo ("amabhola"). Ungakwazi ukuqoqa imbewu ngemuva kokuphuza amabhokisi.

Uyazi? Malva Lesnaya - umbala kuphela we-mallow uthanda umthunzi kanye ne-blooms kuphela ngezimbali ze-pink.

Ngenxa yomsebenzi wokukhetha, i-mallow ithathe indawo efanelekayo ekwakhiweni kwensimu, izinhlobo eziningi ze-hybrid ziye zavela - eziphakeme kakhulu, amazinga ahlukahlukene we-terry nemibala ehlukene:

  • I-Queen queen - ukuphakama kwe-75 cm (ngenxa yokuwela kwe-althea e-mallow ephukile nephukile);
  • I-Double Pink yengxoxo - ukuphakama 2 m (izimbali ezimbili zazo zonke izinhlobo zombala);
  • I-Nigra - imbali elula yombala we-violet-omnyama.

Nini futhi kuphi ukutshala esiqhingini

Uma unquma ukuthi uzohlwanyela nini emhlabathini ovulekile, kudingeka ukhumbule ukuthi lesi sitshalo sizoqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka ozayo.

Kungenzeka ukwenza i-mallow ikhule kulo nyaka, ngokutshala izithombo kusengaphambili (ngoJanuwari-Mashi), futhi emva kokuwafakisela engadini.

Ukukhethwa kweSayithi

Lapho ukhetha isayithi lokutshala mallow udinga ukucabangela:

  • UMallow uzizwa enhle elangeni elishisayo (emthunzini izimbali ezilimalayo ziyahluma). Indawo kufanele ikhanyiswe ilanga elikhanyayo;
  • I-Mallow njengehlabathi elincane (loam) elinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen, ukuhleleka okuhle. Umswakama okweqile kuzokwenza izimpande zibole (ezansi phansi kwamanzi, okungcono). Ngezinye izikhathi kunconywa ukuthi ugcwalise intaba engenziwanga lapho ungena khona khona;
  • Izindebe ezinde ze-mallow zingase zihlwithwe yimimoya emnandi. Kunconywa ukutshala ama-mallow ezindaweni ezivikelwe emoyeni, noma eduze nodonga, uthango, ucingo kanye nokunye ukusekelwa.
  • Ukudluliselwa kwe-mallow (ikakhulukazi isitshalo esidala) akusifisi - i-taproot ende izolimaza. Ukuze izitshalo zisetshenziswa zidinga indawo unomphela.
Ngaphambi kokutshala isayithi kumele kulungiswe - ukumba, ukutshala, ukuhlunga ngesihlabathi (uma kunzima).

Izinsuku zokufika

Imbewu ye-Seeding emhlabathini ovulekile yenziwa kahle kusukela ngoMeyi 25 kuya kuJuni 25.

Umbuzo wokuthi kufanele uhlwanyele kanjani uMallow, ngeke ubangele ubunzima ngisho nasendlini yensimu ye-novice. Imbewu ye-Mallow inkulu, izimbobo ezingu-2-3 zingafakwa emgodini owodwa (ukujula 2 - 3 cm) (ukuhluma kungase kube phansi).

Ungangeza i-peat encane. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezimbobo okungenani li-cm 60. Emva kokuba amahlumela aphonswe ngaphandle kwamaqabunga amathathu, ihlumela elinamandla kakhulu kufanele lishiywe emgodini. Ngalokhu kukhula, isitshalo esincane siyoqina ngokwanele futhi sizokwazi ukumelana nokushisa ekwindla.

Uma utshala izithombo zokutshala isikhathi:

  • lapho uhlwanyela izithombo ngoJanuwari-Febhuwari - ukuhluma amahlumela ngoMeyi;
  • lapho kuhlwanyela izithombo ngoMeyi - ukuhluma amahlumela ngo-Agasti.
Ukutshala izihlahla ngezitshalo:

  • lungisa i-substrate yezakhi (izithako ezikhanyayo zezithombo zemifino, amaphilisi we-peat) kanye nezimbiza ze-peat;
  • ukhethe imbewu ye-mallow (imbewu ekhiqiza kakhulu yiminyaka eyi-1.5-2 yokugcina isitoreji) bese uyigcoba ngaphambi kokutshala emanzini afudumele (+ 47 ° C);
  • hlwayela imbewu;
  • ngemuva kokuba izithombo zilahlile amaqabunga amathathu, ungadonsa mallow. Ngemuva kokukhethwa, sikhula amahlumela epotsheni (peti ingaphathwa nge-potassium permanganate);
  • gcina imodi kusuka ku-+18,5 kuya ku-22 ° ะก;
  • amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokudabuka okuhlosiwe (ukuletha ebhaleni noma egcekeni, ukwandisa ubude bokuhlala);
  • zitshale izithombo kulesi sakhiwo (ibanga eliphakathi kwabo lingenani elingama-60 cm).

Kubalulekile! Izitshalo ezikhulayo, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinkomishi ezihlukene ze-peat - ngokunye okufakelwayo ukufaka ingozi yokulimaza izimpande ze-mallow kunciphise izikhathi eziningana.

Izimiso eziyinhloko zokunakekelwa kwe-mallow

I-Mallow ayiyona isitshalo esingenasisekelo futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okunzima. Njengomthetho, wehlela ekuphuzeni, ekudleni, ekusikeni, ekukhonzeni, ekulungiselela ubusika.

Ukuphuza nokufaka umquba emhlabathini

I-Mallow ayidingi ukuchelela okuvamile nokuningi. Esikhathini esishisayo nesimo sezimvula ezithile, i-mallow kufanele iphuze kanye ngesonto. Esikhathini esomile, kungcono ukuhlinzeka nge-mallow ngokunisela njalo ngamanzi amancane.

Esimo sezulu esinomsoco nesipholile, ungenza ngaphandle kokuchelela (ukuze ungabhubhisi isikhunta). Ngemuva kokuphuza kuyadingeka ukukhulula inhlabathi. Ukuvimbela ukhula kuvame ukwenziwa kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili.

Inhlabathi evundile ayidingi ukugqoka okuphezulu. Uma inhlabathi ingekho, khona-ke isonto ngaphambi kokuba liqhume lingadliwa ngokuhlushwa okuphansi komanyolo we-phosphate-potassium. Ungakwazi ukufaka isikhwama somhlaba ngezikhathi ngezikhathi ngomquba.

Ukunciphisa kanye ne-Garter

Ama-stlows ama-Mallow, ama-2-2.5 m (nakuba anezikhwepha ezinkulu) angaqhakaza ngenkathi ekhula ngezimpande ezinamandla zomoya. Ukuvimbela lokhu, kunconywa ukubopha ekusekeleni.

Ngokuvamile ziboshwe ucingo, ucingo. Uma engekho, izikhonkwane ziyaqhutshwa emhlabathini (okungenani u-1.5 m phezulu) futhi zibophezela kubo.

Ukusika izihlahla kusetshenziswa ukucubungula amahlumela. Ukusika izimbali ezifile ngesikisi esibukhali siqinisekisa ukubonakala kwe-inflorescences ezintsha.

Uma kuzaliswa izinhlobo ezibandayo ze-mallow, cuttings ziyanqunywa: eduze nomsuka - ukutshala kwentwasahlobo, isihloko se-stem - ukutshala ihlobo.

Kubalulekile! Ukuzala kwama-mallow hybrid ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa ukusika okwehlaza noma ukuhlukaniswa (izici ezingezansi ngezabelo azizuzi njengefa, futhi izinhlobo eziningi azivezi nhlobo).

Indawo yokuhlala ebusika

Ukulungiselela ubusika kulula. Uma kungekho-frosts abanzi, khona-ke i-mallow engapheli izosinda kalula ebusika.

Noma kunjalo, amaqhwa amaqanda angalimala (ikakhulukazi izitshalo ezincane noma izinhlobo ezithile ezizwelayo).

Kulesi simo, kuzodinga ukumboza i-mallow ngamaqabunga owomile, amagatsha ase-spruce, fiberglass, i-cellophane, njll.

Izinambuzane nezifo ezingenzeka, ukulwa nazo

Amallows avame ukuthinteka yisifo esithile - rust mallow. Isibangela sesifo yisimiso esiphezulu. Amaqabunga afana nokugqwala. Amaqabunga anjalo kufanele anqunywe futhi ashiswe.

I-mallow ethintekile kumele iphathwe ngesisombululo se-sulfur colloidal noma ukulungiselela okukhethekile (Amistar 250 SC, Nimrod 250 EC, Topsin M 500 SC, Dithane Neotec 75 WG, Score 250 CE, Discus 500 WG).

Kubalulekile! Uma imbali ishintshwe kakhulu, kungcono ukuyiqeda, ukuze ungadlulisi konke okunye. Abalimi bezitshalo batusa ukuthi bangahlwanyeli endaweni engathintekile iminyaka emibili.

Ezinye izifo zifaka umdlavuza we-stem, isikhumba se-powdery, igciwane lobuciko. Amaqabunga agulayo kufanele abulawe. Izidakamizwa ezenziwe ngama-antitifungal kufanele zisetshenziswe ("uPhyto-Doctor", "Mikosan-B", "Trichodermin", njll).

Kulezi zinambuzane - ngezinye izikhathi izihlahla ze-slugs zihlasela i-mallow. Ungakwazi ukulwa nawo amakhemikhali, kodwa kungcono ukuqoqa izicupho (amathrekhi amaningi futhi angajulile ngebhiya), engabekwa eceleni kwe-mallow.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-mallow ezindaweni ezahlukene

I-Malva idume hhayi kuphela ngobuhle bayo, kodwa futhi nezakhiwo zayo eziwusizo:

  • ukuphulukiswa. Zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zinemithi yokwelapha (kodwa ikakhulukazi izimpande). Ama-decoctions asetshenziswa njenge-expectorant, anti-inflammatory, agents enveloping;
  • ubuchwepheshe. I-Mallow ngezimbali ezibomvu ezimnyama zisetshenziselwa ukufaka umbala wewayini noboya. UMallow Melyuka usetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezintambo kanye ne-hemp;
  • ukudla. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-mallow ziyadliwa (ungakwazi ukupheka, ukuma, ukudla okuluhlaza). I-Mallow iqukethe inani elikhulayo lamaprotheni futhi lisetshenziselwa ukondla ekuphatheni kwezilwane. I-Mallow iyisimanga esimnandi sezinyosi (zonke ezinye izimbali sezivele seziqhamuka).

Uyazi? AbaseGibhithe lasendulo babesebenzisa imbewu ye-mallow njengendlela yokuhlanza izindiza zezindiza ezihlukahlukene. Ama-Arabhu afaka i-kalachik ekhofi. E-China naseTibet, imbewu ye-mallow yanikezwa njengesiphuzo sezitsha ezihlukahlukene.