Kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa imbewu ye-orchid ukulima?

Ama-orchids - izimbali zobuhle obungavamile, ukuheha amehlo kwanoma yimuphi umuntu. Kuvusa umqondo wokubonga, uthando, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abathandi abaningi bezimbali bazama ukukhulisa lesi sitshalo esihle kakhulu ekhaya.

Kodwa kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ukulima kwalesi sihle esiyingqayizivele kuhlanganisa izinkinga eziningi. Kodwa isihloko sokukhiqiza sibalulekile kule ndaba.

Uphi nokuthi ubheke kanjani?

Lesi sitshalo sivame kakhulu futhi sinezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30,000.

Zingahlolwa kuphela ngaphansi kwe-microscope, zincane kangaka, zingathathwa ngothuli. Uma uqhathanisa imbewu ye-orchid enobolweni kakolweni, efana nokubukeka okufanayo, khona-ke okusanhlamvu kungaphezu kwezikhathi ezingu-15 000.

Imbewu ye-orchid ihlangabezana nemingcele elandelayo:

• Okuncane, njengothuli. Enye imbewu inesilinganiso esingu-0.35-3 mm ubude, futhi ububanzi kusuka ku-0.08 kuya ku-0.3 mm.
• Umbala - ukhilimu, i-beige, i-brown brown.
• Okumfushane, okwenziwe kahle.

Abaningi bayokubuza, izitshalo zikhula kanjani emvelweni ngembewu encane futhi edingayo? Konke mayelana nenani lembewu - kunezigidi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-5 kubo, ebhokisini elilodwa. Umoya usakaza imbewu, banamathele emagqabeni emithi, kodwa bambalwa kuphela abahluma.

Sinikeza kuvidiyo ukuthi ibonakale njengebhokisi lama-orchid enembewu:

Izibonakaliso ezihlukile zalokho okwenzeka ku-fake

Kuyinto elula - uketshezi ukhilimu kufanele kube esikhwameni. Abanye abathanda imbali babhala imbewu kusukela ku-intanethi baya endlini, futhi sebezithole imbewu yezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, bayethemba ukuthi bazoba nobuhle obukhulu kubo, kodwa lokhu, ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka.

Abanye, ukuthenga esitolo imbewu yama-orchid, njengoba befaka imbewu enkulu, bacabanga ukuthi lawa mabhokisi - nalokhu akulona iqiniso. Okufanele ukwazi ukuthi ngokushesha nje lapho imbewu ivuthwa, ibhokisi liqhekeze futhi lithuleukuze lingagcinwa kulo lonke izwe.

Isithombe

Buka isithombe, yiziphi izinhlobo ze-orchid ezibukeka sengathi.

Kungenzeka yini ukutshala imbali kusuka kumbewu?

Uma uthenge noma ukhulule imbewu ye-orchid futhi waba yinto enhle ngenhlanhla, ngakho-ke uzothola izitshalo ezinhle, zezimbali ezivela kule ndaba eminyakeni engu-4-6. Kodwa le nqubo inzima kakhulu futhi ayidingi ukubekezela kuphela, kodwa futhi ngokunemba.

Udinga ukuthenga imishini efanele kanye nezinto ezidingekayo, kuyilapho ugcina ubumpofu nokushisa okukhulu. Ukukhulisa i-orchid kusuka enzalweni yilebhu langempela endlini.

Ingabe ithengiswa futhi ingakanani?

Ezitolo zezitshalo ungathola imbewu yama-orchid, futhi ukubhala kuyi-Internet akulula.

Izindleko zokutshala impahla zixhomeke kwezinye izinto.:

• izinhlobo;
• umkhiqizi;
• ikhwalithi;
• impahla yokupakisha.

Kodwa izindleko eziphakathi kwezinhlamvu ezingu-20 kusuka ku-ruble engu-180 kuya ku-250.

Kumelwe kuthiwe ngokwehlukana mayelana nembewu engathengwa kumawebhusayithi e-Chinese, abiza ama-ruble angu-50 ngezicucu ezingu-100. Kodwa naphezu kokuncishiswa, kufanelekile ukuqonda izingozi, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuthola izinto eziphezulu. Kodwa nokho, kukhona amapulatifomu lapho bethengisa khona izinto ezinhle zokutshala okuzovela kuzo ukuthi zikhule izimbali ezinhle kakhulu.

Ungafika kanjani ekhaya?

Imbewu ye-orchid ingatholakala ekhaya, ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuqhuba i-cross-pollination ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.

1. Thatha ibhulashi elithambile bese udlulisa impova kusuka ku-inflorescence eyodwa kuya kwenye.
2. Ngokushesha lapho isitshalo sesitshalo, amabhokisi azovela lapho imbewu izovuthwa khona.
3. Ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva, ibhokisi lihlanganiswe emgqeni wephepha, ukuze ungalahlekelwa yinzalo, uma uphahla isicathulo.
4. Ibhokisi lizoqedwa ngokushesha lapho imbewu ivuthwa.
5. Ngemuva kwalokhu, i-testis inqunywe, imbewu ichithelwa ngaphandle kwephepha elingenhla ephepheni elihlanzekile.
6. Hlukanisa imbewu.
7. Gcoba ucezu ngalunye ephepheni elimhlophe elimhlophe, ulifake esitsheni sepulasitiki ulifake efrijini kuze kube yilapho usitshala khona.

Sinikeza ukubona ividiyo ebonakalayo ye-orchid impova ekhaya:

Izinzuzo nokuqeda

Kukhona izici ezingase zibhekiswe emigodini yama-orchid ekhulayo esuka kumbewu:

• ukubunzima nokubunzima kwenqubo;
• izidingo zokutshala impahla yokuxuba kanye nomxube wezakhi;
• ubude;
• ingozi yokuthola izinto ezimbi zokutshala izinga.

Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, ungathola izinzuzo ezithile kule nqubo - lokhu kuyinjabulo engatholakala ngokubheka inqubo yokuhluma imbewu. Futhi lapho le mincane encane ikhula ibe izitshalo ezinhle, izimbali, zonke izoni zizophenduka zibe ngama-pluses. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula lokho uthola isitshalo sezimbali kuphela eminyakeni emihlanu.

Imiyalo yokulima

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngaphambi kokuba uhlwanyele imbewu, udinga ukulungisa konke okudingayo.

Inventory kanye nenzalo

Isitolo kufanele sithengwe:

• glassware - lezi zingaba amashubhu, izibuko zilazi noma 100 gram izimbiza ngamabhodlela, okuzobekwa uphawu oluyimfihlo;
• uboya bekotini kanye nebhande eliyinyumba noma i-gauze, kulokhu kuzodinga ukwenza amashubhu ama-tubes wokuhlola;
• I-tube yokuhlola ikhonjiswa uma ukuhluma kuyokwenziwa kuzo;
• iphepha le-litmus ukucacisa i-acidity yenhlanganisela yesondlo;
• i-hydrogen peroxyde 2%;
• i-pipette ekhethekile noma i-syringe oyinyumba.

Uma izimbiza ezivamile zikhethwa ukuze zihlume, ke izimbobo kufanele zenziwe emabhodleleni wezingilazi zezingilazi, ngoba imbewu idinga umoya. Uma nje imbewu ifakwa enhlangothini, amashubhu azodinga ukuvalwa ngama-pluze ne-cotton plugs.

Inzalo:

1. Izitsha zifakwe inhlanganisela kanye nokwakhiwa okulungiselelwe - lokhu kungenziwa ku-boiler kabili, kuhhavini noma esithandweni somlilo ngokubeka izitsha endaweni yokugeza amanzi.
2. Inzalo kufanele ibe sezwe eliqondile, elinamabhodlela avaliwe avaliwe.
3. Uma sikhuluma ngesikhatsi, bese sisebenza kanye nokushisa kwe-ovini noma isitimela, le nqubo izothatha cishe ihora.
4. Ukushisa inzalo ngesilinganiso se-120 degrees.
5. Ngemuva kokuzalisa inzalo, phuza ukubunjwa ekamelweni lokushisa.

Ukulungiselela imbewu

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, amabhokisi embewu ahlanganiswe ngendwangu, futhi ngokushesha nje lapho i-testicle iqhuma, imbewu ilungele ukuhlwanyela. Esimweni sethu, base bevele efrijini, bavele bakwazi ukuphuma kulesi sitsha.

Imilayezo yokutshala

Ngokushesha kufanele ixwayiswe ukuthi le nqubo isidla isikhathi, idinga ukunemba nokunakekelwa. Ungakwazi ukuthenga ukwakheka okulungiselelwe esitolo, kodwa uma ufuna ukuya yonke indlela yokukhuphula ama-orchid kusuka kumbewu ngokwakho, bese ulungisa ingxube yokudla okunomsoco ekhaya.

Kuzodinga:

• 1 litre lama-distilled amanzi;
• i-agar-agar - 8 g;
• i-glucose - 10 g;
• Umanyolo we-phosphate-nitrogen-potassium - 1.5 g;
• i-fructose - 10 g;
• uhlelo lwempande stimulator - amahlumela angu-5;
• i-activated carbon - 1 g.

Inqubo:

1. Thela emgodini we-0.5 amalitha amanzi, ubeke umlilo, ubilise. Ngesikhathi sokubilisa wengeze i-agar-agar, i-glucose ne-fructose. Umlilo ususwe futhi ingxube ibilisiwe kuze kube yilapho i-agar-agar ichithwa ngokuphelele.
2. Ukushisa ingxenye yesibili yamanzi, engeza umanyolo, amalahle, i-phytostimulator nokuxuba kahle.
3. Zombili izinhlanganisela zihlanganisa futhi zihlole i-acidity.
4. I-asidi yesisindo somsoco kufanele ibe yi-4.8 kuya ku-5.2 i-pH-yiyona indawo enhle kunazo zonke yokuhluma kwezinhlobo ze-orchid. Ungayandisa nge-phosphoric acid, isinciphise ngesisombululo se-potash.

Ukwakhiwa kokunomsoco akufanele kube yi-liquid noma ubukhulu, Ngokuqinisekile, inhlanganisela yokuhluma i-jelly.

Ngomunye umthamo we-100 g uthele u-30 mg we-ingxube futhi ugobe oluqinile, inzalo. Manje kudingekile ukuhlola ukubunjwa kwesibindi - ukwenza lokhu, shiya izimbiza ekamelweni lokushisa. Uma ngalesi sikhathi kungenayo imvelo engokwemvelo ekubunjweni, khona-ke ingasetshenziswa uma isikhunta sibonakale, bese sikhipha yonke into futhi siqale kabusha.

Okulandelayo, ividiyo ebonakalayo yokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani isikhala semvelo sokutshala imbewu yama-orchid:

Isigaba sokulungiselela

Ngaphambi kokuba ubeke izimbiza ngesisombululo sokwenza inzalo, udinga ukumboza izembozo ngefolda, njengoba ikhava ingaqeda inqubo yokushisa.

Indlela yokutshala nokuhluma?

Ngaphambi kokutshala imbali ekhaya, imbewu yayo kanye nokwakhiwa komsoco kufanele kube inzalo efanele. Ukwenza lokhu, lungiselela isisombululo se-chlorine usawoti 10%.

1. Thela i-10 g ye-chlorine ibe ilitha lamanzi bese uxuba uze uqedwe ngokuphelele.
2. Hlunga ingxube ngokusebenzisa i-gauze egoqwe ezinqeni eziningana bese uphonsa imbewu kuyo imizuzu engu-10.
3. Ukusebenzisa i-syringe oyinyumba, phonsa imbewu bese uyibeka engxenyeni yezakhi ngokusebenzisa izibhubhu, ezivaliwe ngokushesha nge-plug yesikotini. Ungabeka ama-flasks ngezinhlobo zokuhluma, kanti izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele libe yi-18-23 degrees, futhi usuku lokukhanya luyihora eli-14.

Okulandelayo, ividiyo ebonakalayo yokutshala imbewu yama-orchid:

Ukunakekelwa kwezithombo

Cishe ngemva kwenyanga, i-pseudobulbs izoqala ukuvela. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ku-flasks kuzoba izithombo eziluhlaza ezimpande, kepha izithombo zingasetshenziswa kuphela emva konyaka.

Ama-orchid afakwe endaweni egciniwe, equkethe ama-sphagnum moss, izimpande ze-fern kanye ne-pine bark.

Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kwenziwa ngendlela elandelayo.:

1. i-substrate ifakwe emanzini abilayo imizuzu engu-30;
2. amabhange avulekile, uthele kuwo amanzi amancane abilisiwe;
3. bese uthele izithombo zibe yisitsha esiyisisombululo;
4. uthatha iziphuzo ngezingubo zenjoloba bese udlulisela izithombo ku-substrate, ungajuli;
5. unikeze izimo zokushisa;
6. ufafaze izithombo nsuku zonke kusuka ebangeni elingama-20 cm.

Sinikeza ukubona ividiyo ebonakalayo mayelana nokunakekelwa kwezitshalo ze-orchid kanye nokufakelwa kwazo:

Izinkinga nezinkinga

Izinkinga ezikuhlwanyela imbewu zingaba ziningi:

• Kungenakwenzeka ukuthola imbewu kusuka e-orchid ekhaya.
• Akukhona njalo ukuthenga izinto zokutshala izinga.
• Kunoma yisiphi isigaba, ukufa kwembewu noma izithombo kungenzeka, njengoba ubuningi bokukhula kufanele bube buphelele.

Ekhaya, ngeshwa, kunzima ukukhulisa ama-orchid ngendlela yenzalo, ngakho cabanga ngakho ngaphambi kokuba unqume ngalokhu inqubo elula kakhulu. Kunezindlela ezingabizi kakhulu zokuzala lesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele. Kodwa uma ulandela imithetho futhi ube nesineke, umphumela omuhle ngeke uthathe isikhathi eside.